Isolation, partial purification and characterization of protease enzyme from the head of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus).

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Fishery processing waste is as environmental problem. Fish waste, such as the head of the Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus), is underutilized and has a low economic value, even though the waste can be re-processed.The purpose of this study was to isolate and purify protease enzymes from the head of Nile tilapia fish (O. niloticus) and to investigate their partial enzyme characteristics. Protease enzymes were isolated using various percentages of ammonium sulfate precipitation, which was followed by partial purification by dialysis. The total protein and specific activity of the enzyme was calculated at each stage of purification. The characteristics of the enzyme, namely optimum temperature, pH and Km and kcat were investigated. The result of investigation revealed that the 40% ammonium sulfate extraction showed the highest yield of the enzyme. Partial purification by dialysis can increase its specific activity 21 times from its crude extract form. The optimum temperature of the protease is 38°C, while the optimum pH is 7.5. The protease Km and kcat value of this protease were 1.887 mM and 39.768 s-1.The protease enzyme was optimally semi-purified using 40% ammonium sulfate precipitation. Judging from the result, this enzyme categorized as a neutral enzyme. Further analysis is needed to investigate its other characteristics.

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