Assessing Mangrove Gastropod Biodiversity: Composition, Abundance, and Ecological Indices in Mempawah, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

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Abstract

West Kalimantan boasts vast mangrove ecosystems, particularly in Mempawah Regency, which play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, including diverse gastropod communities. Gastropods are important as detritivores, predators, and bioindicators of environmental conditions in mangrove ecosystems. This study aimed to analyze the structure of the gastropod community in the mangrove area of Sungai Bakau Kecil Village. The research was conducted in August 2024 using a simple random sampling method at five stations. Sampling was achieved with 1×1m² quadrat transects, and species identification was done in the laboratory. The results showed 11 species from 7 families, with Pirenella cingulata as the dominant species at all stations. The highest density was found at station II (73.49 ind/m²), while the lowest density was found at station III (40.53 ind/m²). Ecological index analysis showed moderate to high diversity with Shannon-Wiener index (H') ranging from 1.89-2.75, uniformity index (E) between 0.56-0.82, and Simpson's dominance index (C) between 0.18-0.42, indicating a reasonably diverse gastropod community, without the dominance of certain species. The results of this study provide scientific information on the diversity and distribution patterns of gastropods in mangrove ecosystems. They can be the basis for conservation efforts and sustainable mangrove management in Sungai Bakau Kecil Village.

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