et al., T. (2025). Environmental Study on Water Quality of the Upper Zab River in Asc Klk Within the Governorate of Erbil. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 29(1), 1201-1212. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.409623
Toohi et al.. "Environmental Study on Water Quality of the Upper Zab River in Asc Klk Within the Governorate of Erbil". Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 29, 1, 2025, 1201-1212. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.409623
et al., T. (2025). 'Environmental Study on Water Quality of the Upper Zab River in Asc Klk Within the Governorate of Erbil', Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 29(1), pp. 1201-1212. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.409623
et al., T. Environmental Study on Water Quality of the Upper Zab River in Asc Klk Within the Governorate of Erbil. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2025; 29(1): 1201-1212. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.409623
Environmental Study on Water Quality of the Upper Zab River in Asc Klk Within the Governorate of Erbil
The quality of the water of the Upper Zab River in Asc Klk, Erbil, Iraq (UZAK River) was addressed in this research. Ten different samples were taken from two different sites along the river during five months (October 2019 - February 2020), with one sample each month for each site. These samples were chemically, physically, and biologically tested. The results indicated that the quality of the UZAK River water was deteriorating in both locations. The increases in dissolved oxygen were found to be inversely proportional with decreases in temperatures. The highest concentrations of dissolved oxygen, 13.6 and 15.2mg/ L, were registered in January and February at both studied sites. Although the concentration of both NO3-1 and PO4-2 ions increased in September at both sites compared to the rest of the time, they are still within the standard limits of drinking water set by World Health Organization (WHO). The biological tests showed the presence of pathogenic bacterial species (Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Pneumonia) in the water of the first site and Micrococcus and Staphylococcus in the water of the second site.
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