Evaluation of Some Chemical Properties and Heavy Metals Excreted from Tikrit Teaching Hospital in Saladin Governorate/ Iraq

Various chemical properties and some heavy elements of wastewater discharged from Tikrit Teaching Hospital were studied during the period of October to December 2023. Some chemical properties were measured, such as pH, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness in addition to biological and chemical requirements.  Compared to the Iraqi water standards, considering  the biological and chemical requirements, an increase was recorded in most values of oxygen, pH and some heavy elements such as lead, cadmium, copper, and iron. For the total hardness and the hardness of calcium, magnesium, and chloride, they were within the Iraqi water standards. These results show that hospitals are the main source of excreta that must be taken into consideration before any action strategy to assess environmental and health threats. The quantity and type of toxins and liquid excreta produced from hospital operations pose a danger to living organisms in general, particularly humans. In many developing countries, liquid waste from hospitals is often disposed directly into the environment, such as by discharging it into rivers without treatment.