Assessment of Water Treatment Efficiency and Aquatic Environmental Implications for the Euphrates River in Fallujah City

Dawd, Shaimaa M.; Jaloot, Imtithal Ismael; Latif Yassin, Hanaa Abdel; Qaddory, Ateka Qahtan

doi:10.21608/ejabf.2025.433136.6801

Assessment of Water Treatment Efficiency and Aquatic Environmental Implications for the Euphrates River in Fallujah City

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ University of Anbar

² Anbar University

10.21608/ejabf.2025.433136.6801

Abstract

The study was conducted on the Euphrates River water in the city of Fallujah. Four samples were collected in January 2023, and physical variables such as temperature, electrical conductivity, and turbidity, as well as chemical variables, were measured. Acidity, alkalinity, total dissolved salts, calcium, sodium, potassium ions, and sulfates, were compared with the river and station samples. The results showed that all physicochemical tests were within the permissible limits except for turbidity, calcium and sulfate. The data were statistically analyzed to calculate the correlation coefficient between the chemical and physical parameters. An experiment was conducted on household and sewage outlets on the Euphrates River, and differences in the percentage of pollution from one area to another were evident. The highest percentage was in the outlet and mixing area, and the lowest percentage was in the area before and after the outlet. Several types of bacteria appeared, such as Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Klebsiella, and E. coli. The percentage of Klebsiella was very high in the outlet area, where its percentage on the nutrient agar medium was 38.5% and on the Macconkey agar medium, 34.5% was recorded. Its presence is a significant and dangerous indicator, as it causes a number of diseases. The percentage of E. coli bacteria was high in the area after the outlet, where the percentage in the nutrient agar medium was 41.5% and in the Macconkey agar medium was 36.5%. It also causes many diseases and bacteria. Additonally, Sphingomonas paucimobilis had its highest percentage in the pre-estuary area, where its percentage in the nutrient agar medium was 51.5% and in the Macconkey agar medium was 39.5%.

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