Dietary Supplementation of Peanut Worm (Siphonosoma australe-australe) Meal Enhances Digestive Enzyme Activities, Feed Efficiency, and Growth Performance of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Kurnia, Agus; Bahtiar, Bahtiar; Muskita, Wellem Henrik; Hamzah, Muhaimin; Abidin, La Ode Baytul; Yusnaini, Yusnaini; Idris, Muhammad; Patadjai, Rahmad Sofyan; Aslan, La Ode M; Ruslaini, Ruslaini; Effendy, Irwan Junaidi; Aslin, La Ode; Balubi, Abdul Muis; Nur, Indriyani; Iba, Wa; Rahman, Abdul; Rahman, Affandi; Thoyba, Rizky Halalan; Kurniawan, La Ode Tony; Suharman, Indra; Prachom, Noratat

doi:10.21608/ejabf.2025.422436.6550

Dietary Supplementation of Peanut Worm (Siphonosoma australe-australe) Meal Enhances Digestive Enzyme Activities, Feed Efficiency, and Growth Performance of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Halu Oleo University Indonesia

² Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Indonesia

³ Departmen of Aquaculture

⁴ Department of Aquaculture, Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Indonesia

⁵ Department of Aquaculture

⁶ Departmen of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Halu Oleo Universty

⁷ Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Halu Oleo University

⁸ Department of Aquaculture, Halu Oleo University

⁹ Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Halu Oleo University, Kendari Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

¹⁰ Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

¹¹ Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, 92321, Indonesia

¹² Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Halu Oleo University

¹³ Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau

¹⁴ Department of Aquaculture, Kasetsart University

10.21608/ejabf.2025.422436.6550

Abstract

This study evaluates the effects of dietary supplementation with sea peanut worm meal (SPWM; Siphosoma australe-australe) on digestive enzyme activities, feed efficiency, and growth performance of the saline Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing 0, 1, 3, and 5% SPWM were fed to tilapia (initial weight 6.23 ± 0.86 g) for 42 days under 10ppt salinity conditions. Growth parameters, organosomatic indices, and digestive enzyme activities (amylase, lipase, protease) were assessed. Results showed that fish receiving SPWM exhibited significantly higher final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein retention, and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control (P< 0.05). Optimal responses were generally obtained at 3% inclusion, which produced the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.91 ± 0.04), the highest feed efficiency (52.43 ± 0.99%), and superior protein retention (57.81 ± 1.06%). Survival rate also improved markedly in SPWM groups (90–100%) versus the control (56.7%). Digestive enzyme activities were significantly enhanced at 3% SPWM, with amylase, lipase, and protease activities reaching 9.27 ± 0.52, 0.53 ± 0.04, and 0.88 ± 0.05 IU/mL, respectively, higher than other treatments. Furthermore, hepatosomatic and intestine somatic indices were significantly elevated in all supplemented groups, indicating improved liver metabolism and intestinal development. These findings demonstrate that moderate inclusion of SPWM (3%) provides functional benefits beyond protein supply, enhancing digestive physiology, nutrient utilization, and growth performance of the Nile tilapia.

Keywords