A Comparative Study of the Water Quality of the Tigris River and Rainwater in Mosul City: Evaluating Rainwater Harvesting as a Sustainable Water Resource

Ahmed, Reem; Farhhan, Amina

doi:10.21608/ejabf.2025.413485.6402

A Comparative Study of the Water Quality of the Tigris River and Rainwater in Mosul City: Evaluating Rainwater Harvesting as a Sustainable Water Resource

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

10.21608/ejabf.2025.413485.6402

Abstract

The quality of rainwater falling on the city of Mosul was studied by collecting rainwater samples from three locations on both sides of the city during the rainy season between December 2018 and May 2019. The physical and chemical characteristics of the rainwater were measured based on internationally recognized standard methods. The pH values reached up to 9.3 in the spring season, and positive ions dominated over negative ions in the atmosphere. The alkalinity reached its highest level of 88mg/ L in winter. The hardness values reached 90mg/ L as the highest level in winter. The concentrations of negative ions (NO₃^-1, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, Cl⁻) reached their highest values (39, 0.55, 1.8, 58) mg/L, respectively, in spring. Meanwhile, the concentrations of positive ions (Ca, Mg, Na, K) reached 32, 16, 9, 2.4mg/ L as the highest level in the winter.

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