Phylogeographic Connectivity of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae) from Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands Using DNA Barcoding

Kurniawan, Ardiansyah; Hariati, Anik Martinah; Wiadnya, Dewa Gede Raka; Kurniawan, Andi; Kurniawan, Nia; Kusuma, Wahyu Endra

doi:10.21608/ejabf.2025.421309.6529

Phylogeographic Connectivity of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae) from Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands Using DNA Barcoding

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Universitas Bangka Belitung

² Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya

³ Universitas Brawiajaya

⁴ Department of Aquatic Resources Management, University of Brawijaya

⁵ Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University

10.21608/ejabf.2025.421309.6529

Abstract

Osteochilus spilurus (Bleeker, 1851), with a vast distribution in Sundaland, is one of the least utilized freshwater species. The lack of interest in this species has resulted in restricted human-caused dispersal and has offered the opportunity for a precise phylogeographic study. Fish samples were caught from six rivers on the islands of Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan. Fish identification was conducted using DNA barcoding of cytochrome oxidase 1 with Fish-F1 and Fish-R1 primers. Twenty-five 655 bp nucleotide sequences from this research are recorded in NCBI and represent the first such records. Bangka-Belitung and Kalimantan samples form intraspecific relationships within each region but are separated into different clades between the two regions. This separation suggests that O. spilurus may represent a cryptic species due to historical changes in the formation of the Karimata Strait between the two regions. O. spilurus has the potential to be used as a distribution and phylogeographic model for freshwater fish in Sundaland.

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