Antifouling Potential of Some Bioactive Constituents Isolated from Marine Algae

Et Al., Tadros

doi:10.21608/ejabf.2025.417164.6471

Antifouling Potential of Some Bioactive Constituents Isolated from Marine Algae

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Tadros et al.

10.21608/ejabf.2025.417164.6471

Abstract

This study investigated the antifouling potential of the green macro algae Ulva lactuca and Ulva compressa from the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, aiming to develop environmentally friendly alternatives antifouling coatings. Algal extracts were prepared through hot and cold aqueous methods, while their biochemical composition was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amide functional groups, while HPLC analysis revealed a diverse polyphenolic profile dominated by gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and flavonoids such as kaempferol and hesperetin, with significant variation depending on extraction method and temperature. Seawater physicochemical analyses highlighted nutrient enrichment in both the Gulf of Suez and the Eastern Harbor, supporting eutrophic conditions favorable for algal growth. New antifouling paints formulated with algal extracts were tested on PVC, wood, and steel panels under field conditions in the Eastern Harbor (March–July 2024). Results demonstrated that algal-based paints, particularly those incorporating hot extracts of Ulva compressa, significantly reduced fouling biomass and surface coverage followed by Ulva lactuca compared to blank and commercial controls. These findings indicate that Ulva lactuca and Ulva compressa extracts contain bioactive compounds with promising antifouling activity and represent sustainable candidates for the development of eco-friendly marine antifouling coatings and can achieve the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS).

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