Daily Dynamics of Water Parameters in Tanjung Tiram, Ambon Bay: Implications for Mangrove Ecosystems and Aquaculture Activities

      This study analyzed the daily fluctuations of water parameters in Tanjung Tiram, Ambon Bay, and their implications for the mangrove ecosystem and aquaculture activities. Monitoring was conducted using a real-time system based on a WQMS sensor connected to a digital cloud from October to December 2024. The parameters observed included temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and nitrite. The results showed that the temperature ranged from 29.86 to 31.58°C, with an increase during the day and a decrease at night. Salinity fluctuated between 31.26–34.65 PSU, influenced by tidal movements and rainfall. pH demonstrated relative stability within the range of 8.07–8.33, with an increase during the day due to photosynthesis. DO exhibited significant fluctuations, with the highest value of 8.67mg/ L in October and a drastic decrease to 2.79mg/ L in December, indicating potential hypoxia. Nitrite concentrations increased from morning to afternoon, peaking at 0.52mg/ L in December due to elevated nutrient runoff. These fluctuations have implications for the stability of the mangrove ecosystem, with risks of eutrophication and hypoxia that may disrupt aquatic biota balance. In aquaculture, changes in DO and nitrite levels could potentially increase physiological stress on fish. Therefore, the recommendations include regular monitoring, mangrove ecosystem conservation, and the implementation of additional aeration and waste management to maintain the balance of coastal ecosystems and the sustainability of aquaculture in Tanjung Tiram.