Contamination of Pathogenic Bacteria in the Vannamei Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Pond Area along the Coast of Pangandaran, West Java Indonesia

Herawati, Titin; Rahayu, Indriyani; Aisyah, Aisyah; Agung, Mochamad; Pasaribu, Buntora; Nurhayati, Atikah; Ghazali, Adiana; Grandiosa, Roffi; Faddilah, Thallita; Kamiswara, Rendika

doi:10.21608/ejabf.2025.406390

Contamination of Pathogenic Bacteria in the Vannamei Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Pond Area along the Coast of Pangandaran, West Java Indonesia

Authors

10.21608/ejabf.2025.406390

Abstract

In Pangandaran Regency, shrimp farming ponds are established along a 91km coastline, but premature harvests often occur due to shrimp diseases. The environmental conditions of shrimp ponds play a critical role in shrimp health and productivity. However, research on bacterial pollution in shrimp farming environments is lacking. This study aimed to identify bacterial species and their abundance in shrimp pond water, seawater, and sediment compared to coastal areas without shrimp farming. Bacterial identification was conducted through a survey across five stations, using NA and TCBS media, staining, and PCR techniques. Results showed that the highest bacterial count on NA in sediment was 2.854×10⁷ CFU/g, and the lowest in pond water was 0.658×10⁷ CFU/ml. On TCBS media, sediment had the highest concentration (0.1692×10⁷ CFU/g), while pond water had the lowest (0.0017×10⁷ CFU/ml). The bacterial abundance on NA media was significantly higher than on TCBS. Isolated bacteria included both Gram-negative and positive types, with various shapes (rod, comma, coccus). Specific bacteria identified were Bacillus flexus in semi-intensive pond water, Bacillus albus in intensive pond water, Vibrio fluvialis in semi-intensive pond sediment, Vibrio alginolyticus in intensive pond sediment, and Bacillus sp. in probiotics used by farmers. In addition, pathogenic bacteria were detected in the shrimp farming ecosystem of Pangandaran.

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