Monitoring the Health State of Some Species from the Egyptian Mediterranean Coast North of Alexandria Caught by Trawling Net

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   Man's adverse impacts on the aquatic environment are constantly present. The purpose of this study was to determine the health state of five fish species caught by trawl net, including Argyrosomus regius, Solea vulgaris, Sparus aurata, Nemipterus randalli, and Eutrigla gurnardus that showed a rise in the Egyptian catch ratio and became recognized as among commercial species in the recent ten years by trawl net from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, northern Abu Qir Bay, during the winter of 2023. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, As, and Cd) were investigated in muscle tissues by using ICP-OES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The results showed that the accumulation of the examined metals was below the standard maximum permissible limit. MPI decreased in the order S. vulgaris˃ S. aurata ˃ N. randalli ˃ E. gurnardus ˃ A. regius. The enzyme activities of Na+/K+ and Ca2+ATPase showed significant differences (P< 0.05) between the examined species. The highest activity appeared in liver tissue, followed by brain and kidney tissues, then gill, with muscle showing the least activity. This was done to investigate the status of ion regulation and energy state. Oxidant variables and antioxidants in muscle tissues revealed a significant elevated difference (P< 0.05) in lipid peroxidation content (LPO), GPX, SOD, and CAT between S. vulgaris and S. aurata comparable to the other species and a significant reduction in total thiol (T-SH) and protein thiol (P-SH). This study demonstrated the impact of the health state of some species of trawl net catch in the presence of environmental multi-stressors to illustrate and increase the precision of the monitoring ecological consequences of environmental changes.

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