Improvements in the neurodevelopmental toxicity of heavy metals for Dicentrarchus labrax by an algal mixture of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris

     In response to the rising demand for aquatic products for human consumption, aquaculture has developed significantly as an agronomic activity worldwide. Proteins and amino acids are significant macromolecules that govern vital metabolic processes and act as building blocks for the creation of compounds with biological significance. Fish play a significant function in human nutrition and are a significant dietary source of high-quality animal proteins and amino acids. The effect of toxic metals (cadmium and lead) on total central amino acids compositions (Essential, Conditionally Essential, and Non-Essential), and Crude protein concentration were examined in the current study for the juvenile European sea Dicentrarchus labrax, a stress-sensitive species, and evaluation the protective effect of the dietary Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris algal mixture as a supplement. Fish fed the control diet and kept in freshly filtered seawater without the addition of any pollutants (Control). Total metals (lead nitrate and cadmium chloride (0.006 mg/l) in the ratio (1:1) were added to rearing fresh seawater and fish were fed as the following diets in the other groups: control with the metal group, 3% algal mixture supplemented diet (D1), 5% algal mixture supplemented diet (D2), and 7% algal mixture supplemented diet (D3) for 5 weeks. The results showed a significant decrease in the total amino acids in the control with metal group compared to the control and a significant increase in essential amino acids, conditionally essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, and crude protein concentration in the other 3 diet groups. By concentrating on the contributions towards our understanding of the role these metals have on adverse neurological outcomes in affected populations, this study demonstrated the impact of the mixed mixture of algae Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris on the treatment of the effect of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) on neurodevelopment outcomes.