El-Gammal et al., M. (2023). Evaluation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Physicochemical Properties of Water in Manzala Lake, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 27(5), 719-748. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2023.322424
Maie I. El-Gammal et al.. "Evaluation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Physicochemical Properties of Water in Manzala Lake, Egypt". Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 27, 5, 2023, 719-748. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2023.322424
El-Gammal et al., M. (2023). 'Evaluation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Physicochemical Properties of Water in Manzala Lake, Egypt', Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 27(5), pp. 719-748. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2023.322424
El-Gammal et al., M. Evaluation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Physicochemical Properties of Water in Manzala Lake, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2023; 27(5): 719-748. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2023.322424
Evaluation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LAS) and Physicochemical Properties of Water in Manzala Lake, Egypt
Detergents are commonly used as essential products in our lives. Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) is one of the main synthetic anionic surfactants used in detergents all over the world for domestic and industrial applications. Nevertheless, detergents are one of the most prevalent contaminants in all bodies of water. They enter through sewage outfalls, household garbage, and municipal waste, and they pose serious risks to aquatic life. This study focused on the determination of the physicochemical characteristics, and the concentration of linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS) at ten different sites throughout the Manzala Lake, Egypt, on a seasonal basis (2021–2022). The results revealed that pH varied from 6.93 to 9.70, and a very significant difference was detected in temperature between the seasons (P≤0.001). However, no significant differences were found between lake sites (P>0.05). The highest salinity value was recorded at the southern sites of the lake. The fluctuations of oxidizable organic matter during the four seasons can be organized as follows: spring > winter > summer > autumn, while the annual mean concentrations of LAS fluctuated between 0.08 and 0.62mg/l. The summer season had the highest level of LAS (1.07 mg/l). In addition, pollution of LAS had highly positive significant correlations with ammonium (r = 0.475, P<0.01) and silicate (r = 0.405, p < 0.01), while it had a highly negative significant correlation with dissolved oxygen (r= -0.642, P<0.01) and a negative significant correlation with total suspended solids (r= -0.317, P<0.05). The outcomes of the present study can help researchers and policymakers effectively manage and control Manzala Lake's water, which is negatively affected by the high concentrations of LAS.
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