A. Khallaf, E., M.N. Authman, M., A. Alne-na-ei, A. (2021). Aluminum, Chromium, and Manganese in Sediments of Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal, Egypt: Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Pollution Indices and Risk Assessment. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 25(1), 983-1015. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2021.154320
Elsayed A. Khallaf; Mohammad M.N. Authman; Alaa A. Alne-na-ei. "Aluminum, Chromium, and Manganese in Sediments of Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal, Egypt: Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Pollution Indices and Risk Assessment". Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 25, 1, 2021, 983-1015. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2021.154320
A. Khallaf, E., M.N. Authman, M., A. Alne-na-ei, A. (2021). 'Aluminum, Chromium, and Manganese in Sediments of Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal, Egypt: Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Pollution Indices and Risk Assessment', Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 25(1), pp. 983-1015. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2021.154320
A. Khallaf, E., M.N. Authman, M., A. Alne-na-ei, A. Aluminum, Chromium, and Manganese in Sediments of Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal, Egypt: Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Pollution Indices and Risk Assessment. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2021; 25(1): 983-1015. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2021.154320
Aluminum, Chromium, and Manganese in Sediments of Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal, Egypt: Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Pollution Indices and Risk Assessment
The distribution of aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), and manganese (Mn) in Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal (BSC) sediments were studied during the period from September 2014 to December 2015, at different selected sites (S1, S2, and S3) over the BSC at Shebeen Alkoom City, Menoufia Province, Egypt. Spatially, the levels of Al and Mn at different sites are arranged as follows: Site S1>Site S3>Site S2, whereas Cr levels were found to be in the following arrangement: Site S1>Site S2>Site S3. Seasonally, Al concentrations levels followed the order of summer> winter> autumn>spring, whereas the Cr and Mn levels were arranged in the order of winter> autumn>spring>summer. The different pollution indices of sediment and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) showed that the BSC has uncontaminated, to low/or moderately contaminated sediments. Such occurrence might be related to biologically harmful health influences to the sediment-dwelling biota. The humans' hazard index (HI) values for adults were greater than one; therefore, there were chances of having non-cancer risk for all studied metals on adult health through dermal contact exposure. However, Cr value is considered a carcinogenic risk, since its index (CRI) is more than the threshold level, designating that exposed adult humans are facing that risk. Finally, it is recommended that untreated wastes should be prohibited to reduce metal pollution.
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