The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Immunogenization of Heat-Killed Vaccine Candidate from Aeromonas hydrophila in Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalamus) using Strain of Banjar, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
1
13
EN
Olga
Olga
olgafikan@gmail.com
Siti
Aisiah
sitiaisiah@ulm.ac.id
Wendy
A. Tanod
Yenny
Risjani
risjani@ub.ac.id
Happy
Nursyam
0000-0002-6508-5493
happy_nsy@ub.ac.id
Maftuch
Maftuch
maftuch@ub.ac.id
10.21608/ejabf.2020.93528
<em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> often attacks cultured catfish and causes motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS) disease outbreak in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Deaths from <em>A.hydrophila</em> attacks could reach 100% so that prevention needs to done through vaccination. This study aimed to examine the potential immunogenicity of 6 heat-killed <em>A.hydrophila</em> vaccine candidates, a strain of Banjar, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. <em>A.hydrophila</em> strains obtained from infected catfish in aquaculture ponds around the Banjar District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. From 10 fish infected with MAS, obtained 14 isolates of bacteria, ie, 8 isolates (AGC-1, AGC-2, AGC-3, AGC-4, AGC-6, AKC-2, AKC-3, and AKC-5) of Sungai Batang village, and 6 isolates (AGC-8, AGC-9, AKC-7, AKC-8, AKC-9, AKC-10) from Cindai Alus village. AGC signifies <em>Aeromonas</em> isolated from the gills, and AKC means <em>Aeromonas</em> isolated from the kidney. The antigen that used as a candidate for the heat-killed <em>A.hydrophila</em> vaccine made by inactivation through a heating process at 100 <sup>o</sup>C for 60 minutes. The results showed antigens from AGC-2 and AGC-8 strains had high immunogenicity because they could increase antibody titers compared to other strains and controls. The antibody titer in catfish, two weeks after booster vaccination, increased and showed the same value. The results of the cross-reaction assay showed that the antigens from the AGC-2 and AGC-8 strains were able to cross-react with strain AGC-1, AKC3, AKC-5, but unable to cross-react with AKC-7, so that AGC-2 and AGC-8 could be recommended as vaccine candidates for MAS disease in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.
Aeromonas hydrophila,Antibody,Immunogenicity,Pangasius hypophthalamus,vaccine
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_93528.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_93528_adab7f520d1e63c801c171645ab41219.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Some Fisheries and Biological Aspects of the Crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) in the River Nile, Egypt
33
42
EN
Walid
Aly
walid_taher@hotmail.com
Alaa
El-Far
alaa.melfar@yahoo.com
Mohamed
A. Fetouh
10.21608/ejabf.2020.94125
<em>Procambarus clarkii,</em> as an invasive species, has proved to have an adverse impact on the Egyptian freshwater system, nevertheless, its fisheries could be one of many ecosystem services it can provide to society. This study aims to document the main fisheries characteristics of this species during 2014. Many fishing methods were found to capture <em>P. clarkii </em>including trammel nets (Estaquaza and extended nets), gill nets, and traps. About 70% of the individuals had carapace lengths between 39 and 52 mm and 95 % the individuals had a mean carapace length that exceeds the harvestable limit (35 mm). The length-weight relationship data of <em>P. clarkii </em>showed an allometric growth for weight more than for length (<em>b</em> > 3). The variations in male and female sex ratio with length classes showed that males of <em>P. clarkii</em> predominated all length classes except length classes 8 and 12 cm total length. The results of this study indicate that the crayfish grows considerably longer in the River Nile than it usually does in its original environment and that there is an assisted population, and high yields are expected when crayfish from the River Nile are to be utilized for commercial purposes.
Procambarus clarkia Crayfish Harvestable size,allometric growth,sex ratio,population structure
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_94125.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_94125_0e8bc0b2109aa30b0a17e0e81b82a9ab.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by halophilic Alkalibacillus sp. w7 isolated from a salt lake
43
56
EN
Hend
M.H. Al-Kordy
Soraya
A. Sabry
Mona
E.M. Mabrouk
10.21608/ejabf.2020.94732
Saline environments are a rich source for bacteria of potential applications. It was thus aimed in this study to evaluate the potentiality of ZnO NPs synthesized extracellularly by haloalkaliphilic<em> Alkalibacillus</em> sp. w7 isolated from Al- Hamra salt lake at Wadi Al Natrun. This study is the first report on the application of <em>Alkalibacillus</em> sp. w7 ZnO NPs in dye photodegradation and as antimicrobial agents. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and methyl red under simulated sunlight was 96.47% and 92.6%, respectively within 210 min. Antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs was greater against tested Gram-negative bacteria and <em>Candida albicans</em> when compared to Gram-positive bacteria, with the highest activity against<em> Escherichia coli</em> (35 mm). The cellular morphological changes of <em>E. coli</em> under SEM showed that ZnO NPs can cause surface perturbation and form blebs and irregular pits on the cell wall. Furthermore, this study evinces photocatalytic and antimicrobial mechanisms of ZnO NPs by disruption of cellular functions and dyes via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent generation of superoxide anion radical. Thus, the present work could promote a new strategy dealing with the pollution of synthetic dyes in aquatic ecosystems and the impact of <em>Alkalibacillus</em> sp. w7-mediated ZnO NPs as a novel antimicrobial agent.
Alkalibacillus sp. Al,Hamra lake ZnO nanoparticles Photocatalytic activity Antimicrobial activity
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_94732.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_94732_afece83df9200a88b09e09b316af7e8a.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Ecological studies on some aquatic insects in the Damietta branch, River Nile of Egypt as bioindicators of pollution
57
76
EN
Mohammed
A. Mahmoud
Saber
A. Riad
10.21608/ejabf.2020.95322
Aquatic insects are bioindicators of water quality be situated used in assessing the environmental integrity of streams. Their composition and density in Damietta Branch which one of two branches of the Nile River in Egypt was assessed and the influence of different pollutants in the water on their distribution during different seasons. Insects were sampled using standard entomological methods, while the physico-chemical parameters of the water were analyzed using APHA methods to estimate water quality parameters. Results of physico-chemical parameters revealed that almost all measurements are fall within the permissible limits. A total of 2,847 aquatic insects was sampled throughout the studied period among all sites, 19 families belonging to seven insect orders were identified. The richness of the aquatic insects was affected by the nature of the substrate, macrophytes, and anthropogenic activity in the water stream. The results show that low varieties of species were observed in sites (4, 5, and 6) than in sites (1, 2, and 3).
biodiversity,River Nile,Aquatic insects,Evenness,Shannon index,pollution
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_95322.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_95322_f91bad25f17e59a5282f15e7be404e74.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Preliminary bioassay on antibacterial effects of Tripneustes gratilla extracts from the Red Sea, Egypt
77
88
EN
Esraa
E. AbouElmaaty
Abdelfattah
A. Ghobashy
Mahmoud
H. Hanafy
Mohamed
H. Yassien
Mohammed
I. Ahmed
Moaz
M. Hamed
10.21608/ejabf.2020.95566
<em><span>Tripneustes gratilla</span></em><span> are </span><span>entirely depended on powerful innate immune systems in order to stay healthy. An attempt is conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effects of extracts obtained from different tissues (i.e. gonad, gut, and spine) of the sea urchin <em>T.gratilla</em> from the Red Sea against some selected bacterial pathogens. Potentially bioactive metabolites extracted from different organs, using methanol and chloroform, were examined against seven pathogenic </span><span>bacterial species; <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>25923<em>, Enterococcus faecalis 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>9027<em>, Bacillus subtilis 6633, Escherichia coli </em>8739<em>, Vibrio fluvialis </em>and<em> Vibrio damsela</em>. </span><span>The methanolic gut extract showed the highest antibacterial activity against the examined pathogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the methanolic gut extract was determined at different concentrations (200- 1000 μg / ml) using the broth dilution method. FTIR and GC-MS were determined. The study indicated that the sea urchin <em>T. gratilla</em> gut extract seems to be a promising source of antibacterial compounds. </span>
Red Sea,Tripneustes gratilla,Antibacterial,bioactive compounds,Sea Urchin
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_95566.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_95566_40267759eb07082123a04726c11f34ba.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Analysis of the determinants of Fish Foreign Trade in Egypt
89
101
EN
Yaseen
E. Abdul-Tawab
Mohamed
A. Ahmed
10.21608/ejabf.2020.96004
This research aims at studying the current situation of the Egyptian fish foreign trade, the current status of local production, fish gap, self-sufficiency ratio, and per capita fish consumption in Egypt. Moreover, modeling the most important factors influencing Egyptian fish imports and exports, and finally, evaluating the Egyptian fish trade structure. The results revealed that Egypt is generally considered as an imported fish country despite the abundance of fish production factors such as the huge natural fish water resources. The results indicate that the increase in fish self-sufficiency ratio in Egypt by 10%, will lead to a decrease in fish imports’ quantity by 51.7%. An increase in the population of Egypt by 10% will lead to an increase in fish imports’ quantity by 25%. As for fish exports, the results indicate that the increase of Fish Exports’ value by 10%, will lead to an increase in fish exports’ quantity by 5.5%. While increasing fish self-sufficiency ratio% in Egypt by 10%, will lead to an increase in fish exports’ quantity by 6.5%.Egyptian fish trade balance suffers from a continuous quantitative deficit of about 238 thousand tons and a value deficit of about 2554 million pounds as an average during the study period (2000-2017), which indicates that the Egyptian balance of payments for fish still suffers from deficit and fish exports are still unable to cope with fish imports. The study recommends a development program that aims at increasing fish production in general and the most consumed fish species in particular. Developing and increasing reliance on the internal markets in order to reduce fish imports and increase exports, which leads to reducing the fish trade deficit. With the fact that it is not possible to significantly increase the production of exportable fish in Egypt, it is necessary to focus on expanding high-quality fish exports and high-quality fish products.
Fish Foreign Trade,Double Logarithmic Model,Coverage rate,trade balance
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96004.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96004_f058a7aba06d9c6caa65156707209357.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Chemical pretreatment of Ulva fasciata cell wall for enhancing biodiesel yield and properties
103
125
EN
Nihal
G. Shams El-Din
Nayrah
A. Shaltout
Mustafa
A. Ghazal
Alaa
E. Ali
Doha
M. Beltagy
10.21608/ejabf.2020.96399
In the present study, the dried biomass of <em>Ulva faciata</em> was subjected to different chemical pretreatments at different incubation periods to find the most appropriate method of cell disruption that increase extracted lipid, fatty acids and improve the quality of the produced biodiesel with low cost. These pretreatments were as follows: acid (HCl and 1% H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) for 1, 2, and 3 hrs, alkaline (NaOH, pH=12) for 1, 2, and 3hrs and osmotic shock (36% solution of NaCl) for 24, 48 and 72 hrs. The control was kept at optimum conditions without pretreatment: 60 min extraction time, 55<sup>o</sup>C, shaking speed at 250 rpm, < 0.16 mm particle size with 25:1 v/w solvent to solid ratio, using chloroform: methanol: H<sub>2</sub>O (2: 2: 1) solvent mixture. The results showed that all chemical pretreatments have a significant effect on total fatty acids yield, where ÓFA was 1148.94µgg<sup>-1</sup> dried alga without any treatment, while using acid pretreatment with HCl (pH=2) for an optimum time period (1h) resulted in an about 2.9-fold increase in ÓFA yield, while it resulted in an about 2.4-fold increase in ÓFA yield when pretreated with 1% H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> for an optimum time period (2h). On the other hand, alkaline pretreatment with NaOH (pH=12) for optimum incubation period (2h), resulted in an about 2.84-fold increase in ÓFA yield, while the osmotic shock of NaCl for 72h, gave the about 3-fold increase, but it needs longer incubation periods, which cause time-wasting. The produced biodiesel after all chemical pretreatments had a high quality and its properties complied with the ASTM D6751 and EN14214 standards, except in the case of 1% H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaOH; they were slightly higher than the limit of EN14214 standard. These results were confirmed statistically; where it was observed that all chemical pretreatments had a high significant effect on fatty acids yield and on all properties of the produced biodiesel.
Biomass,Ulva fasciata,chemical pretreatments fatty acids,Biodiesel properties
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96399.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96399_24d2a344d370e88c9d0c5784047cd191.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Establishment of a cell culture system and characterization of the primary cultures from different organs of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
127
137
EN
Medhat
H. Hashem
Dina
T. Meshhal
Fatma
A. S. Mohamed
Omaima
A. Khamiss
10.21608/ejabf.2020.96005
<span>In addition to toxicology, carcinogenesis, functional genomics studies, and lacking <em>in vivo</em> complexities, fish cell culture considered necessary to study virus-host interactions and isolate viral pathogens in fishes. Therefore, the present study aimed to establish a cell culture system and characterize the primary culture from different organs of Nile tilapia <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> fish. Leibovitz-15 (L-15) medium containing L. glutamine and supplemented by 15% of Foetal Bovine Serum (FBS), 200 IU/ml penicillin, 200 µg/ml streptomycin and 2.5 µg/ml amphotericin were used for culturing the cells. In this study, Primary cultures from different organs (brain, testis, and ovaries) from <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> were established. The results of the present investigations showed that brain primary cultures grew slowly. Active growth was observed in ovary primary culture on the 7<sup>th</sup> day with fibroblast-like growth. Testis primary culture showed active growth on the 2<sup>nd</sup> day and was capable of maintaining organ function. </span>
Oreochromis niloticus,primary cell culture,Brain,testis,Ovary
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96005.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96005_f55a0829da2cc5d6b83898a20e3ae63f.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Environmental Studies on Water Quality, Plankton and Bacterial Community in Mariout Lake, Egypt
139
158
EN
Alam Eldeen
Farouk
Eman
A.A. Abdel-Hamid
Mekawy
M.T.
10.21608/ejabf.2020.95750
Mariout Lake is now one of the most heavily polluted ecosystems in Egypt and a major source of pollution to the Mediterranean Sea through El Mex Bay. This study was carried out from February 2018 till January 2019, nine sites distributed in the Lake different basins to assay water quality properties, planktons, and bacterial community in water, sediment, and <em>O. niloticus </em>organs. Water quality results revealed that salinity ranged from 2.77 to 5.80 g/l. Total alkalinity fluctuated in range 230.00- 480.00 mg/l and this not well for fish growth. Nitrite and Nitrate were ranged between 0.024- 0.321 mg/l and 0.096-1.541 mg/l, respectively. Most of these values are within the safe limits for fish health. Ortho- Phosphateconcentration fluctuated between 0.054 to 0.405mg/l. Phytoplankton community results take the following order Cyanophyta> Bacillariophyceae> Chlorophyceae> Euglenophyta. On the other hand, Copepoda and Cladocera were the most remarkably abundant zooplankton group than Rotifer and Ostracoda groups. The bacteriological examination showed that the main basin (6000 feddan) showed the highest bacterial load (TBC, CF, <em>E. coli</em> & <em>Vibrio cholera</em>) in water, sediment, and <em>O. niloticus</em> organs than other Lake basins. Where, TBC, CF, <em>E. coli</em> & <em>Vibrio cholera</em> recorded higher values in sediment and water than <em>O. niloticus </em>organs. The results of bacterial load in water and <em>O. niloticus </em>organs exceed the permissible limits which can cause a health risk for fish and consumers.
Mariout lake,water quality,Plankton,Bacteria,pollution
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_95750.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_95750_fb1c7aa8944042ef4951200cb07110bd.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Distribution and abundance patterns of freshwater zooplanktons at different water habitats of Bahr Shebeen Nilotic Canal, Egypt
165
179
EN
Sherin
K. Sheir
Gamalat
Y. Osman
Elhafez
R. Abd Elhafez
Azza
H. Mohamad
10.21608/ejabf.2020.96108
Zooplanktons are cosmopolitan organisms and impacted by environmental factors. So, freshwater zooplanktons were surveyed in three different sites at Menoufia governorate, Egypt from March 2017 till February 2018. Zooplanktons were collected monthly in order to evaluate the changes of its diversity and population density in the light of some environmental conditions. Three sites were selected at Bahr Shebeen Nitoltic canal, two of them were at Shebeen El-Koom city and the third was at Menouf city. Physico-chemical parameters values varied according to the season or the site. Nineteen species belong to 6 phyla, Protozoa, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Rotifera, and Arthropoda were recorded. The total number of collected zooplanktons showed differences in population density between sites. The highest percentage of individuals (89.52%) was recorded at the least polluted site with heavy metals concentrations, followed by (8.75 and 1.73 %) of the other sites. Classes Turbellaria, Monogonota and Crustacea were considered as abundant. However, Ciliophora, Hydrozoa, Secernentea, Bdelloidea and Insecta were common species. Insect larvae and copepods recorded the highest densities at the least polluted site (<em>P</em> = 0.04, ANOVA). Shannon diversity index, richness and evenness indices recorded the highest values at the least polluted site, followed by the other sites. It can be concluded that zooplanktons community structure and density efficiently responded to inter-specific variations of habitats with special reference to pollution type and less to environmental factors.
Zooplankton,diversity,Environmental conditions,Richness,Indices
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96108.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96108_7b88d94fc22d435b85c836956402d19d.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Direct microbial production of prebiotic and antioxidant chitin-oligosaccharides from shrimp byproducts
181
195
EN
Shaymaa
A. Ismail
Mohamed
A. Emran
10.21608/ejabf.2020.98021
The chitinous content of crustacean byproducts is an attractive proposition for the production of chitin-oligosaccharides that can be exploited in various biotechnological applications. The currently applied methods for the preparation of chitin-oligosaccharides depend mainly on either chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin. These methods are suffering from some drawbacks that confined its industrial application. In the current study, the production of chitin-oligosaccharides was performed by the direct bacterial hydrolysis of shrimp byproducts using <em>Bacillus cereus </em>strain SSW1. A sequential optimization of the hydrolysis process was achieved by applying Plackett-Burman design followed by central composite design. The optimum chitin-oligosaccharide level of 16.4mg/g was achieved under the optimized fermentation conditions in which 5g of microwave pretreated shrimp byproducts moistened with 10mL of moistening agent composed of K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>, 1.5%; MgSO<sub>4</sub>, 0.01%; KCl, 0.1%, and FeSO<sub>4</sub>.7H<sub>2</sub>O, 0.01% was incubated for 4days at 37<sup>◦</sup>C. After the additional autoclaving process, the amount of the reducing sugars released in the fermentation broth was increased by 32% to reach 21.7mg/g. The resulted product was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, confirming the release of a mixture of chitin-oligosaccharide. Finally, the in vitro prebiotic and antioxidant activity of the purified oligosaccharides was determined.
Shrimp byproducts Bacillus cereus SSW1 Chitin,oligosaccharide Prebiotic Antioxidant
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98021.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98021_b58bd3fa9cba7d9cb1070aecbd0d4f91.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Monograph of the Egyptian Squids Order: Teuthoidea ( Cephalopoda: Mollusca) Part II.
197
231
EN
Rafik
Riad
10.21608/ejabf.2020.96805
The cephalopods are known to be commercially and ecologically important around the world. This group constitutes four major groups, Cuttlefishes, Squids, Octopuses, and Nautilii. The first three groups are present in the Egyptian Mediterranean and Red Seas and constitute a main component in the fisheries industry in Egypt. In order to understand the biology and ecology of any species, its identification should be conducted properly to maximize the accuracy of any study. The present monograph is prepared to demonstrate an identification key for the squid species of order Teuthoidea in the Egyptian waters. This is the second publication demonstrating a first-in-kind identification key for the three major cephalopod groups. The first monograph was about the cuttlefishes.
Six Egyptian squid species were recorded; <em>Loligo vulgaris, Loligo forbesi, Loligo duvauceli, Alloteuthis media, Illex coindetii,</em> and <em>Sepioteuthis lessoniana. </em>Four of them;<em> Loligo vulgaris, Loligo forbesi, Alloteuthis medi</em> and <em> Illex coindetii </em>were recorded in the Mediterranean waters, while the other 2 species, <em>Loligo duvauceli </em>and <em>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</em> were recorded in Suez Gulf, Red Sea<em>.</em> Two squid species;<em> Loligo forbesi </em>and <em>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</em> were recorded in both the Mediterranean and Red Seas. Specimens of each species were collected for the purpose of identification using external morphological features. Body structures were separated and drawn by using a zoom stereoscopic microscope provided with a Camera Lucida drawing tube. The body structures were also photographed by a Canon Digital Camera.
Monograph,Squids,Red Sea,Mediterranean Sea,Teuthoidea,Mollusca
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96805.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_96805_6409ec8b1431aaac3bd1ffbfffd6f6f5.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Antimicrobial activity of the sea hare (Aplysia fasciata) collected from the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea, Alexandria
233
248
EN
Hassan
A. H. Ibrahim
Mohamed
S. Amer
Hamdy
O. Ahmed
Nahed
A. Hassan
10.21608/ejabf.2020.98019
A species of sea hare was collected from the Mediterranean Sea, Alexandria, Egypt. It was identified based on general morphological and anatomical features as <em>Aplysia fasciata</em>. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated via the standard techniques. Data obtained revealed that the highest antibacterial activity was detected against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> (AU = 3.4), followed by <em>E. coli</em> (AU = 2.9), then by <em>B. subtlis</em> (AU = 2.7). The other bacterial pathogens were not affected at all. Likewise, the maximum fungal suppression, via the pouring method, was observed against <em>P. crustosum</em> (50%). AUs against both <em>F. solani</em> and <em>A. niger</em> were 20 and 10%, respectively, while there was no activity recorded against the others. Also, the antifungal activity via the well-cut diffusion method conducted that the highest AU (6.8) was recorded against<em> A. flavus</em>, followed by AU = 4.8 against<em> F. solani, </em>then 1.8 against <em>P. crustosum</em>. Moreover, the antifungal AU against reference yeast strains ranged between 3.1 and 6.8. The highest one was recorded against <em>C. tropicalis</em>, followed by AU (4.8) against <em>R. mucilaginosa</em>. Regarding investigating the efficacy of some commercial antibiotics (mm), data confirmed that the Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant than Gram-positive bacteria. On the other side, the result of GC-MS/MS of crude extract observed the presence of several bioactive constituents, most of which had antimicrobial activities.
antimicrobial activity,sea hare,Aplysia fasciata,Mediterranean Sea
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98019.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98019_2ef5147b346c6c36dc39603740a06859.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Reproductive traits and Microstructure of Acropora digitifera and Acropora gemmifera (Scleractinia, Anthozoa) inhabiting the Northern Red Sea (Hurghada, Egypt).
249
266
EN
Mohamed
M. Rashad
Walaa
M. Shaban
Abdel-Hamid
A. M. Ali
Hany
A. Abdel-Salam
10.21608/ejabf.2020.97537
Reef-building scleractinian corals proliferate and maintain their populations, in part, through sexual reproduction. They typically reproduce sexually as either gonochoric (separate male and female) or hermaphroditic (producing both eggs and sperm) colonies. Both types of sexual reproduction achieved as spawning processes that take place once a year and this process affected by environmental conditions such as temperature, photoperiod and pH level. In relation, the current study was designed to explore the reproduction patterns of two Acroporoid coral species; <em>Acropora digitifera</em> and <em>Acropora gemmifera</em> which inhabiting the northern Red Sea (Hurghada, Egypt). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to identify both coral species and to obtain their microstructure details. For reproduction study purpose, gonads maturity status and spawning timing of both studied species were noticed, either by direct field observations, during the study period including two consecutive spawning seasons, or observed in aquaria, by taking live coral colony samples for watching their specific spawning release.<br /> Results indicated that both investigated species are hermaphroditic broadcasting spawner (release buoyant egg-sperm bundles) and showed gradual gonads maturity development begin from October until their spawning time in late April. All polyps became empty from egg sperm bundles in early May. There was a clear relationship between the spawning time of the two coral species and the lunar cycle, temperature, and photoperiod. Spawning of study species occurred on nights (nearly 3-4 hours after sunset) during the new moon and full moon phases. The present study concluded that <em>A. digitifera</em> and <em>A. gemmifera</em> both spawned before April full moon within two days.
Scleractinian corals Acropora Micro,structure Reproduction Broadcasting Spawning Red Sea
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_97537.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_97537_655bfd3fde9b0bc1b65bd03eb6d60069.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Extracts of the green algae Ulva prolifera possess antioxidant and antibacterial activities in vitro
267
280
EN
Mohamed
S. M. Abd El Hafez
Reham
G. ElKomy
Hosam
Saleh
husam_aldien2@hotmail.com
Haiam
M. Aboul-Ela
10.21608/ejabf.2020.98005
Macroalgae are currently being explored as novel and sustainable sources of bioactive compounds. <em>Ulva prolifera</em> is a major member of the green algae, as it includes various bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, fucoidans, and phlorotannins, with various biological activities in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and functional foods industries. In the current work, the <em>rbc</em>L gene products were utilized in identifying <em>U. prolifera</em> molecularly. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of <em>U. prolifera</em> were carried out <em>In vitro</em>. The total antioxidant capacity method was utilized in assessing the antioxidant activity. Estimation of nutritional value of <em>U. prolifera</em> showed 5.4±0.04%, 1.7±0.04% and 43±0.5% dry weight for total proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity of algal hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract was 0.97±0.09, 1.23±0.04 and 1.63±0.09 mg equivalent ascorbic acid/gdw, respectively. Investigation of the antibacterial activity of <em>U. prolifera</em> against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> showed that the recorded diameter of the inhibition zones for the methanolic extract was 1.1cm. The antibacterial effect of hexane extract against <em>Edwardsiella tarda</em> was high which had a diameter of 1.5cm. Of interest, the ethyl acetate extract of <em>U. prolifera</em> showed potent antibacterial activity against the three bacteria, including <em>Vibrio anguillarum</em>, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, and <em>Edwardsiella tarda</em>. These results indicate that macroalgae <em>U. prolifera</em> contain bioactive substances with potential antioxidant and antibacterial effects.
Phylogenetic analysis Nutritional value,Antibacterial,antioxidant,Ulva Prolifera,Red Sea
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98005.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98005_93c8f69e3c1a6d7caf105f1f164027d1.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Growth pattern, condition and prey-predator status of 9 fish species from the Arabian Sea (Baluchistan and Sindh), Pakistan
281
292
EN
Habib
Ul Hassan
0000000333260143
habib5447@gmail.com
Qadeer
M. Ali
Md. Ashekur
Rahman
0000-0002-8801-6685
ashiqru17@gmail.com
Mustafa
Kamal
Sumaya
Tanjin
0000-0002-9700-7297
tanjin.sumaya18@gmail.com
Umer
Farooq
Zannatul
Mawa
0000-0002-1243-9382
zm.mumu.29@gmail.com
Noor
Badshah
noorbadshah3311@gmail.com
Khalid
Mahmood
Md. Rabiul
Hasan
0000-0002-6019-6610
rhrubel95@gmail.com
Karim
Gabool
Farzana
A. Rima
Md. Akhtarul
Islam
0000-0003-1782-1553
akhtarul.fh.ru@gmail.com
Obaidur
Rahman
0000-0001-7215-1092
obrahman422@gmail.com
Md. Yeamin
Hossain
yeamin.fish@ru.ac.bd
10.21608/ejabf.2020.97439
The present study aimed to estimate the growth pattern through length-weight relationships (LWRs), condition (Fulton’s condition factor, <em>K<sub>F</sub></em>) and prey-predator status through relative weight (<em>W<sub>R</sub></em>) of 9 fish species e.g., <em>Netuma thalassina</em>,<em> Epinephelus coioides</em>,<em> Acanthopagrus berda</em>,<em> Acanthopagrus latus</em>,<em> Acanthopagrus bifasciatus, </em><em>Parastromateus niger</em>,<em> Aluterus monoceros</em>,<em> Sphyraena putnamae, </em>and <em>Lates calcarifer</em> belong 7 families from the Arabian Sea of Pakistan. Occasionally samples were collected from marine waters of the Arabian Sea connected to Baluchistan and Sindh province from June 2018 to May 2019 by <strong>bottom and midwater trawl nets</strong>, gill nets, and trammel nets. Individual whole body weight (BW) and total length (TL) were measured. The growth pattern either allometric (+/-) or isometric was calculated as LWR: <em>BW = a × TL<sup>b</sup></em>. <em>a </em>and <em>b</em> were the LWR parameters. Condition factor was calculated as K<sub>F </sub>= (BW/TL<sup>3</sup>) ×100 and prey-predator status was as <em>W<sub>R</sub></em> = <em>(W/W<sub>S</sub>)</em> <em>×</em> 100, where <em>W<sub>S</sub></em> = <em>a×TL<sup>b</sup></em>. This study recorded a new maximum TL (150.0 cm) for<em> S. putnamae</em>. The <em>b</em> values of LWR ranged from 2.02 to 2.76 with <em>r<sup>2</sup></em> ≥ 0.95 that indicated a negative allometric growth pattern. Additionally, the study estimated <em>K<sub>F</sub></em> mostly above 1.0 except <em>A. bifasciatus</em>,<em> A. monoceros, </em>and<em> S.putnamae</em>. The prey-predator status was mostly balanced except for <em>L. calcarifer</em>. The findings of this study will be valuable for fishery managers to impose sustainable fishery management in the Arabian Sea (Baluchistan and Sindh), Pakistan, and adjacent ecosystems.
Growth pattern,Fulton’s condition factor,Relative weight,Arabian Sea,Pakistan
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_97439.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_97439_4e4f63d101215a8d791c458c5227f72b.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
The effect of magnetized water on some biological aspects of the mosquito, Culex pipiens: an approach to vector control
293
302
EN
Ahmed
I. Hasaballah
Mohamed
M. Mabrouk
10.21608/ejabf.2020.98007
Application of magnetized water as an alternative method for mosquito control is still in its infancy. This study was conducted as a step in order to gain a better understanding of the effect of magnetized water on different biological aspects of the mosquito, <em>Culex pipiens</em>. The present study investigates the effects of magnetized water on egg-hatchability, survival, development and feeding behaviour. Overall, the results revealed a moderate reduction in hatching percentages with a significant (P<0.01) delay in hatching time in the treated group as compared to the control. Larval mortality percentage recorded approximately 17.9% for the treated group versus 8.1% for the control one. Larval and pupal durations were prolonged as a response to inhabitation in the magnetized water. In addition, a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the adult emergence percentage (66.7±0.71 versus 83.3±3.0 for the control) was recorded. Feeding behaviour of adult mosquito females was investigated here for the first time; data revealed that blood-feeding behaviour was significantly (P<0.01) belated as compared with females that reared in normal water.
Culex pipiens,Magnetic water,biological aspects,Vector control, Feeding behavior
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98007.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98007_fb0812f9e852a99e34c2f75d7529afe5.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
The reproduction and growth of the sardine Sardina pilchardus in West Mediterranean, Morocco
303
319
EN
Mohamed
Keznine
mohamed.keznine@etu.uae.ac.ma
Mohamed
Analla
Mustapha
Aksissou
aksissou@gmail.com
Abdelmaoula
El meraoui
abdelmaoulaelmeraoui2828@gmail.com
10.21608/ejabf.2020.98433
The sardine, <em>Sardina pilchardus</em> (Walbaum, 1792), is the most abundant fish species in the eastern part of the Moroccan Mediterranean Sea. The biological indicators of reproduction (sex-ratio, gonado-somatic index “GSI”, length at first sexual maturity “L<sub>50</sub>”) and growth (parameters of growth of Von Bertalanffy) were calculated from the treatment of the 529 individuals under-sampled during the period of study from January to December 2019. The size classes’ frequencies distribution of the commercial samples is understood between 7.5 and 20 cm of the total length (TL). Sex-ratio (males: females) total is lightly in favor of the females. According to the present results of seasonal variations in maturity stages and gonado-somatic index (GSI), the reproductive season of <em>S. pilchardus</em> collected is extended from January to April for both sexes and the fish length at first sexual maturity (L<sub>50</sub>) is 13.29 cm (TL). Growth results indicated a major allometry growth for which the weight increases proportionately faster than the length.
Sardina pilchardus,Morocco,Mediterranean Sea,sex ratio,maturity
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98433.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98433_d9cefaf4a435df947c3485259d699e16.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian marine invertebrates, Red Sea
321
340
EN
Hassan
A. H. Ibrahim
Dalia
E. Elatriby
Moaz
M. Hamed
10.21608/ejabf.2020.98494
Three species of sponge and one species of sea cucumber representative to marine invertebrates were collected from the Red Sea, Hurghada, Egypt. They were identified based on general morphological and anatomical features as <em>Cinachyrella</em><em>arabica</em>, <em>Ciocalypta</em><em>penicillus</em>, <em>Axinella</em><em>verrucosa</em>, and <em>Holothuria</em><em> atra.</em> Their antibacterial and antifungal activities in crude extracts were investigated and data revealed that the positive values were recorded in the range of 8 to 20 mm by the ethyl acetate crude extract obtained from <em>C.</em> <em>arabica</em>. <em>E. coli</em> was the most affected bacterium followed by<em> S. typhimurium </em>that was 18 mm by the ethyl acetate crude extract obtained from <em>A.</em><em> verrucosa</em>. Also, the fungal suppression % was in the range of10-100% by all kinds of sponge crude extracts. However, the ethanolic extract of <em>C.</em> <em>arabica</em> and ethyl acetate extract of <em>C.</em><em> penicillus</em> had the highest suppression %, followed by the ethanolic extract of <em>C.</em><em>penicillus</em> as of 90%. Likewise, the highest activity was detected by <em>H. atra</em> methanolic crude extract against<em> A. hydrophila, </em>followed by the same extract against<em> S. aureus </em>(14 mm). Only <em>P. notatum </em>was the fungus that affected by both ethanolic and methanolic extractswith 20% suppression. On the other side, results of GC-MS/MS of crude extract observed the presence of several bioactive constituents, most of which had antimicrobial activities.
antimicrobial activity,Invertebrates,Sea cucumber,Sponge,Red Sea
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98494.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_98494_0c2b2dcb015daf966e21a9fd1661aea9.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Recording of Procamallanus (Procamallanus) annulatus and Procamallanus (Procamallanus) elatensis from Red Sea Fishes in Egypt
341
360
EN
Nermean
M. Hussein
Refaat
M. A. Khalifa
Zeinab
T. M. Abdel-Ghaffar
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100407
Previous studies of <em>Procamallanus</em> species in marine fishes in Egypt recorded only <em>Procamallanus (Procamallanus) elatensis </em>Fusco and Overstreet, 1979 from siganid fishes<em>.</em> The present research examined Red Sea fishes at Hurghada and Safaga, Egypt for <em>Procamallanus </em>nematodes Family: Camallanidae Railliet and Henry, 1915. The investigation used standard methods of collection and examination for marine fishes, for processing and illustrating of specimens, for the study of morphometric characteristics of the parasites by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and taxonomic identification. Nematode specimens display smooth continuous buccal capsules without special ridges. Esophagi are divided into anterior muscular and longer posterior glandular sections. Male caudal alae are present. Female posterior extremities are conical and end in short blunt processes. Vulvae are located in front of the middle of the body, and females are viviparous. The first species from <em>Caranx sexfasciatus</em> (Perciformes: Carangidae) are similar in all features and most body dimensions in both genders to <em>Procamallanus (Procamallanus</em>) <em>annulatus,</em> Yamaguti, 1955. Notable features include the presence of deirids; six crescent-shaped elevations surrounding the mouth; the presence of three protuberances on the female tail tip and three pairs of pre-cloacal papillae on males; five pairs of post-cloacal papillae and one pair of posterior lateral phasmids; and an additional two pairs of small transversely elongate sessile ventral papillae surrounding the cloacal opening. This species differs from <em>Procamallanus (Procamallanus) elatensis </em>Fusco and Overstreet, 1979 described from <em>Parupeneus forsskali </em>and <em>Mulloidichthys flavolineatus </em>(Perciformes: Mullidae) where the male displays four pre-cloacal papillae, four post-cloacal papillae and four lateral papillae, and female tail tip ends with two protuberances.
Procamallanus annulatus,Procamallanus elatensis,Perciformes,SEM,Red Sea,Fishes,Egypt
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100407.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100407_2d1dab8fd1972d39ef6e90d3f448e507.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Fisheries biology of the haffara bream Rhabdosaragus haffara (Family: Sparidae) in Suez Bay, Egypt.
361
372
EN
Hanan
M. Osman
Mahmoud
A. Saber
Azza
A. El ganainy
Amgad
M. Shaaban
10.21608/ejabf.2020.99634
Family Sparidae is considered as one of the most commercial families of the small scale fishery of Suez bay. A Total of 800 specimens of <em>Rhabdosaragus haffara</em> were collected from the Suez bay landing site, El-salakhana, during the fishing season 2018-2019. The length-weight relationship equation is W=0.014L<sup>3.02</sup> indicating an isometric growth. Age was determined by reading otoliths and revealed that the population has five age groups. The Von Bertlanffy equation was as follow; L<sub>t</sub><strong> = 27 (1-e<sup>-0.43(t+0.27)</sup>).</strong> Length at first capture L<sub>C</sub>= 13.0cm. The growth performance index (Φ) was estimated as 2.49. Total mortality was estimated to be Z=1.7, natural mortality is M=0.65, fishing mortality F= 1.05, and Exploitation rate is E= 0.62.The target and limit biological reference points are: F<sub>Opt</sub>=0.32 year<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup> and F<sub>Limit</sub> = 0.43 year<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. Exploitation rate, F<sub>Opt</sub>, and F<sub>Limit </sub>indicated that the stock of<em> R. haffara</em> in Suez bay is overexploited and threatened.
R. haffara,Haffara bream,Fisheries biology,Suez Bay,Sparidae
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_99634.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_99634_7dbeddb5804ed2505b157e80e20e2189.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Physiological and histological alterations in fishes induced by pollution in Lake Nasser and the potential human risk assessment
373
390
EN
Sally
M. Salaah
Dalia
M. El-Gaar
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100264
Lake Nasser ecosystem has undergone many changes that decline species diversity; the lakes’ fisheries also have experienced a decrease during the last 10 years disturbing its prospect for sustainability. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of water contaminants on <em>O. niloticus</em> and <em>S. galilaeus</em> inhabiting different locations of Lake Nasser. Heavy metals (HM) accumulation in the liver, gills and muscles of both O.<em> niloticus and</em> <em>S. galilaeus </em>generally arranged in the following order; Fe˃ Mn˃ Zn ˃Cd˃ Cu. The metal pollution index (MPI) in the studied organs pursued the order: liver > gill > muscle. While the hematological and biochemical indices of <em>O. niloticus</em> and S<em>. galilaeus</em> exhibited a significant alteration due to inhabiting stressful conditions. Moreover, pathological changes were observed in the muscles of both fish species from different sampling sites. The present study opined that <em>S. galilaeus</em> are more resistant than <em>O. niloticus</em> to environmental stress, while <em>O. niloticus</em> are more sensitive to aquatic pollutants. Moreover, there was a significant alteration in fish health, as well as adverse health effects, for habitual consumers of both fish species from S4.
Lake Nasser,O. niloticus,S. galilaeus,Heavy metals,Risk assessment,hematology,biochemical analyses,histology,Fish Health
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100264.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100264_ef5488a6c25a517e4914278e1a12e2ec.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Positive Effects of Meso -2, 3-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid against Oxidative Stress of Lead and Mercury in the Catfish Clarias gariepinus of Lake Maryout, Egypt
391
407
EN
Awatef
M. Ali
Nema
A. Mohamed
Shnoudy
A. Bakhoum
Heba
H. Abdel-Kader
Mohamed
A. Ahmed
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100258
This investigation evaluated the effects of Pb and Hg in Lake Maryout on <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> fish with reference to the effect of meso-2, 3 dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). Fishes divided into <strong>Standard group</strong> (10 fish) caught from the lake and directly anesthetized to carry out flesh composition and histopathological examination on gills and gonads<em>.</em> <strong>An Experimental –group</strong> (60 fish) supplied with lake water and divided into <strong>sub-group A</strong> without treatment, <strong>sub-group B</strong>, supplied with 5 mg/kg b.w / L of DMSA, <strong>sub-group C</strong>, supplied with 18 mg/kg b.w/L of DMSA. After 60 days, fish get the same examination as a standard group. A significant decrease in water content for sub-group B& C, sub-group C with low lipid comparing with sub-group B. Protein levels were significantly increased in both sub-group B&C than sub-group A. The standard gill showed loss of integrity of lamellae and filaments with capillary congestion. Sub-group A showed brachial lesions with the disappearance of the normal architecture. Sub-group B showed middle improved tissues with an organized pillarcellsystem. In sub-group C, filaments had normal architecture with two rows of secondary lamellae perpendicular to each filament. <strong>Standard ovaries</strong> showed wrinkling pre-vitologenic, vacuolated late pre-vitologenic, and degenerative vitologenic oocyte. Sub-group A showed few stages of oocytes and wide inter-follicular space. Sub-group B showed some stages of oocytes. Sub-group C showed all stages. <strong>Standard testes</strong> showed degenerative cellular elements in most seminiferous tubules with dilated congested blood vessels. Sub-group A showed distortion of testicular architecture. Sub-group B showed moderate improvement in testicular pictures. Sub-group C showed organized tubules with all stages. In conclusion, the protective effect of DMSA may be attributed to its activity as a chelating agent with two negatively charged groups that allow it to form complexes with multiple positive charges metal ions as Pb and Hg and reactive oxygen species.
Clarias gariepinus,Lake Maryout,Heavy metals,DMSA,gills,Gonads
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100258.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100258_d20573b101721aca4f5c0acb43d76f7d.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
SOME REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF THE COMMON SILVER BIDDY GERRES OYENA (FORSSKAL, 1775) FROM THE GULF OF SUEZ, RED SEA, EGYPT
409
419
EN
Menna Allah
A. Osman
Azza
A. A. El Ganainy
Hafez
H. M. Khouriba
Mervat
M. Aly
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100416
The common silver biddy <em>Gerres oyena</em> is one of the most commercial fish species in the Gulf of Suez. The reproductive characteristics of <em>G. oyena</em>were investigated in the Gulf of Suez during the period from 2015 to 2016. The overall sex ratio of males to females was estimated at 1: 2.1. Males predominated the small length groups from 10.5 to 13.5 cm, while females dominated the larger lengths >13 cm. The monthly average values of gonad weight percentages and monthly different maturity stages showed that the species spawns during late spring with intensive spawning in May. The length at first sexual maturity was estimated at 13.5 cm for males and 14.1 cm for females which indicates that all individuals over two years of age were sexually mature<strong>.</strong> The results of this study can be used as a key figure for the conservation and maintenance of this commercially valuable stock in the Gulf of Suez.
sex ratio,common silver biddy Spawning season,Length at maturity,Gerres oyena,Gulf of Suez
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100416.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100416_3f543842560f2499304d61efab3cdfa1.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Temporal and spatial variations of zooplankton distribution in the Eastern Harbor, Alexandria, Egypt.
421
435
EN
Ahmed
F. Mansour
Naglaa
A. El-Naggar
Hussein
A. El-Naggar
Howaida
Y. Zakaria
Fekry
M. Abo-Senna
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100475
The Eastern Harbor is receiving several kinds of untreated pollutionو which affect zooplankton distribution along the harbor. For this reason, the present work aims to study of the spatial and temporal distribution of the zooplankton community in the harbor and shed some light on their diversity and abundance. Four seasonal cruises (spring 2017, summer 2017, autumn 2017, and winter 2018) were carried out at nine stations along the Eastern Harbor to achieve the aim of this work. The result revealed that the zooplankton community in the Eastern Harbor comprised 87 species and other immature forms belonging to 19 groups with a total standing crop of 4984.31 ind./m<sup>3</sup>. Copepoda was comprised of the main bulk of zooplankton, it represented by 39 species and constituted 81.97% of the total zooplankton count. Polychaeta (4.97%) was the second abundant group, followed by Mollusca (3.85) and Cirripedia (2.91). Foraminifera, Tintinnida and Rotifera were the most diverse groups after copepods, they represented by 12, 10, and 5 species, respectively. Nematoda, Cirripedia, Decapoda, and Echinodermata were represented in the present study only by immature stages. Seasonally, zooplankton was flourished during winter and declined during autumn. Spatially, the abundance was high at the water inlet to the harbor (Boghaz 1 station) and low at the water outlet from the harbor (Boghaz 1 station) and at El-Qalaa station outside the harbor. The ecological diversity indices were widely ranged among investigated stations within four seasons. The fluctuation of diversity indices values between stations confirms and indicates that there are disturbances in zooplankton distribution between stations during the study period.
Zooplankton,Abundance,diversity,Distribution,Eastern Harbor,Mediterranean
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100475.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100475_a7cd3ef8facd48c0f0fb63de9f01bb65.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
FISHERY ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMON SILVER BIDDY GERRES OYENA FROM THE GULF OF SUEZ, RED SEA, EGYPT.
437
447
EN
Azza
A. A. El Ganainy
Hafez
H. M. Khouraiba
Mervat
M. Aly
Menna Allah
A. Osman
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100471
The common silver biddy <em>Gerres oyena</em> is one of the most commercial fish species in the Gulf of Suez. Some population parameters of the species were studied from samples collected from the trawl fishery in the Gulf of Suez during 2015-2017. Age determinations based on otolith readings showed that the growth of females is higher than that of males; where the maximum age attained by males was 4 years while that of females was 5 years. The von Bertalanffy growth equation was L<sub>t</sub> = 20.2 (1 – e<sup>-0.267 (t + 3.281)</sup>) for males and L<sub>t</sub> = 22.831 (1 – e<sup>-0.210 (t + 1.940)</sup>) for females. The fish grows allometrically (b = 3.1102 for both sexes combined) and relatively rapid, achieved about 40% of the growth during the first year of life. The total mortality rate "Z" was estimated as 1.08 year<sup>-1</sup>. The natural mortality rate was found to be M =0.310 year<sup>-1</sup>. The estimated current exploitation rate (E = 0.71) and the analysis of the relative yield per recruit indicate that the population of the silver biddy <em>Gerres oyena</em> in the Gulf of Suez is overexploited. The fishing effort must be reduced by about 30% of its current level; this can be achieved by reducing the number of fishing days or the number of trawling trips and changing the gear characteristics (mesh size) to catch larger fish to maintain the stock productivity and its sustainability.
Gerres oyena,Common silver biddy,Age,Growth,mortalities,yield per recruit,Gulf of Suez
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100471.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100471_422a39a7c80c8d9fd6e008f2726487dc.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Some histopathological alteration of the infected blue crab Portunus pelagicus with parasites
449
461
EN
Rania
El-Beshkar
raniaashraf964@yahoo.com
Shereen
Fahmy
0000-0002-8195-2657
shereenfahmy@du.edu.eg
Rabab
Alkaradawe
Samya
Mohammad
samya.mohammad@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejabf.2020.100790
The present study was carried out to investigate parasites of one from the most important seafood, the blue crab <em>Portunus pelagicus</em>. Samples of crabs were caught seasonally fromRas El Bar, Damietta, Egypt. Results showed that crabs were infested with two different parasites (protozoa and nematode larvae). The identification of protozoa was confirmed by using the electron microscope. The current study revealed that only 30% of <em>P. pelagicus </em>were infected with parasites. Protozoan parasites showed a prevalence of 79.63%, while nematode larvae showed a prevalence of 20.37%. Histological examination of infected tissues showed disruption of tissue cells, loss of normal gill structure, interruption of lamellae, presence of several granulomas. Also, gonad follicles showed degeneration in the infected crabs. The histopathological effects of such parasites could induce host injury especially in case of heavy infection. However, the highest infection of parasites was recorded in the crabs with a medium size (carapace width 10.1-15 cm & length 6.1-9 cm). whenever the least infection was recorded in the heaviest crabs. Alternatively, the present study may lead to the conclusion that heavy crabs are believed to be healthier for the consumers as it was less susceptible to parasite infection.
Mediterranean Sea,Blue Crab,Portunus pelagicus,Nematode larvae,Potozoa,histology
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100790.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_100790_b0d05a8dc23686e3c9933fd748f653e8.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Two gastrointestinal parasites from freshwater sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
463
478
EN
Medhat
Ali
0000-0002-1695-9772
medhat_s1@yahoo.com
Amira
Lotfy
amiralotfy840@gmail.com
Ahmed
Nigm
ahmedhamdynigm@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejabf.2020.101263
The sharptooth catfish,<em> Clarias gariepinus</em> is a popular tropical catfish in Africa. <em>C. gariepinus</em> considered a good source of protein for human consumption and has been believed as an important fish for farming. The present study aims to investigate the gastrointestinal parasites of <em>C. gariepinus</em> in a local area within Qaluobaya Governorate, Egypt. Thirty males and females<em> C. gariepinus</em>(Teleostei: Clariidae) were examined for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites. Two parasite species were found naturally infect <em>C. gariepinus</em>. <em>Polyonchobothrium clarias </em>(Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) which infected the pyloric stomach, small intestine, bile duct, and gall bladder. The other parasite was <em>Procamallanus</em> <em>laeviconchus</em> (Nematoda: Camallanidae) which infects the small intestine of <em>C. gariepinus</em>. The prevalence of <em>P</em>. <em>clarias</em> was 33.33 % which was higher than the prevalence of <em>P</em>. <em>laeviconchus</em> (6.67 %). The prevalence of infection in males of <em>C. gariepinus</em> was 26.67 %, however, the prevalence of infection in females was 6.67 % which was significantly lower than the prevalence of infection in males. The total recovered <em>P. clarias</em> was 188 worms, while the total number of <em>P</em>. <em>laeviconchus </em>was 23 worms. It was also observed that the tissues at the infected sites were greatly destructed. This study reinforced that <em>C. gariepinus</em> is highly susceptible to infection with different helminths.
catfish,Polyonchobothrium clarias,Procamallanus laeviconchus,Parasites,gastrointestinal,Gall bladder
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_101263.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_101263_8849248b64a72b71b3d8d9df219e68c5.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Impacts of natural and experimental phenol pollution on the reproductive performance, vitellogenin synthesis and pathological alterations of male Oreochromis niloticus
479
495
EN
Ghada
Soliman
Mohamed
Abdelaziz
Alaa Eldin
Eissa
0000-0002-7042-8999
aeissa2005@gmail.com
Nashwa
Elias
Mohamed
Moustafa
moustafa1973@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejabf.2020.101713
Phenol is one of the most toxic chemicals on the health status of fish, which produces several endocrine-disrupting effects on fish. This study comprised two parts: one was the field investigation of phenol pollution on male <em>(Oreochromis niloticus</em>) collected from River Nile branch at the vicinity of Coke Factory at Tebin locality (Helwan) and the other was the experimental investigation of phenol on male <em>Oreochromis niloticus </em>collected from a private farm to monitor the effect of phenol pollution on fish reproduction and health status. The levels of natural phenol residues were 1.4 ppm in the liver of fish and 0.02 ppm in the water site of collection. A total of 80 male <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> were exposed to 30 mg/l phenol for periods of 21, 28, 35, and 45 days while another 20 fish were kept as control. Results found a significant decrease in growth measurements; gonado-somatic index; relative fecundity; sperm density; sperm live %; aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In contrast, total protein; albumin; alanine aminotransferase (ALT); glucose, and estradiol (E2)-were showed a significant increase. Histopathological examination of hepatocytes showed a remarkable degree of necrosis. A significant number of testicular tubules showed complete loss of spermatogenic contents. Electrophoretic analysis of serum for vitellogenin revealed the appearance of two bands in protein marker. The first band appeared after 21, 28, and 35 days, while the second band appeared after 45 days. Ultimately, laboratory investigations concluded that phenol possesses an estrogenic endocrine disrupting effect.
Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus,Phenol,pollution,Reproduction,performance
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_101713.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_101713_c01604331bbf3c6e0e632270fe8ae18e.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
11
Reflection of Environmental Toxins on the Chemical Quality of the African Catfish
497
508
EN
Ali
M. Ahmed
Mohamed
A. Hussein
Amira
M. Wahdan
Heba
M. Shaheen
10.21608/ejabf.2020.103190
This study was conducted on fifty fish samples of <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> randomly collected from Zagazig, Sharkia governorate, Egypt. The collected fish samples were evaluated for heavy metals, antibiotics, and aflatoxin residues. Arsenic and Zinc residues were detected in 100% of fish samples with a mean value of 0.07± 0.007 and 5.13 ± 0.39 ppm respectively, while lead and mercury residues were detected in 90% of fish samples with a mean value of 0.28±0.05 ppm and1.4 ± 0.24 ppm respectively. On the other hand, cadmium residue was detected in 50% of fish samples with a mean value of 0.018 ± 0.002 ppm. Sulfadimidin residue was detected in all examined <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> samples with a mean value ± SD (50.97±21.55 µg/kg). All examined fish samples were below maximum residue limit 100 μg/ kg while aflatoxin was detected only in one fish sample with a concentration 5.32 µg/kg (ppb) which declared that there is no human health risk from consumption of <em>Calais gariepinus</em> flesh.
Clarias gariepinus,chemical quality,Heavy metals,antibiotic,Aflatoxin
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_103190.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_103190_0402342691e84c5ea2aa3698f177c18e.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Physio-biochemical responses of Indian major carp Catla catla upon sub-chronic exposure to tin oxide nanoparticles
509
520
EN
Shyamala
Perva
Kalpesh
Swamy
Naveenkumar
Chandrashekar
Raghunandakumar
Subramanian
Sandya
Sukumaran
Sharath
Chandra S P
10.21608/ejabf.2020.102144
Nanostructure metal oxides such as tin oxide nanoparticles due to its unique properties have been used as a photocatalyst in semiconductor industries, building optoelectronic devices and numerous other industries. However, the toxicological impact of these SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles is largely yet to be studied, particularly in the aquatic ecosystem. In this direction to evaluate the ecological impact of the SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on aquatic organisms, selected <em>Catla catla</em>, freshwater fish was selected to examine the hematological and biochemical variations upon treatment with SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. In the present study LC<sub>50</sub> of SnO<sub>2</sub> NPS was found to be 20 mgl-<sup>1</sup>observed for 24 h. Further 1/10<sup>th</sup> of the LC<sub>50</sub> concentration of SnO<sub>2</sub>nps (2 mgl-<sup>1</sup>) was selected for sublethal investigation for 4-20 days with an interval of 4 days. The results showed alterations in hematological parameters with a decrease in Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit test (Hct %), red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC), while there was an increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values on all days. Further evaluation demonstrated an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels compared to control groups. Studies revealed alterations in oxidative stress markers with a significant reduction in the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels, and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease in gill Na<sup>+</sup>K<sup>+</sup>ATPase concentration. The studies also found increased brain glutamate concentrations indicating possible brain tissue damage. The study highlights the toxicological impact of SnO<sub>2</sub>nps and the role of certain potential biomarkers which reflect the impact of the toxicants in the aquatic environment.
Indian major carp,Catlacatla oxidative stress tin oxide nanoparticles Biochemistry
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_102144.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_102144_e4e838427ff18b0e5c617b9f7698d659.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
01
Biodiversity patterns along seasonality and environmental factors of stream macroinvertebrate communities of North-Central Nigeria
521
534
EN
Unique
Keke
n.keke@futminna.edu.ng
Francis
Arimoro
francis.arimoro@futminna.edu.ng
Adesola
Ayanwale
a.adesola@futminna.edu.ng
Oghenekaro
Odume
nelskaro@gmail.com
Augustine
Edegbene
0000-0003-4032-3923
ovieedes@gmail.com
10.21608/ejabf.2020.102102
While there is a substantial increase in the number of studies investigating the biodiversity of the Afrotropical region, the influence of season on biodiversity is still poorly understood. The biodiversity patterns of 15 streams along with seasonality and environmental correlates were explored from 2016 - 2017. Biodiversity variables were calculated using diversity functions in vegan, including beta diversity partitioning. Seasonal variations in biodiversity and community-environment relationships were calculated using Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon tests and distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA). While alpha diversity was low, beta diversity was relatively high and promoted by its turnover component. In spite of the clear seasonal variabilities of the region, biodiversity variables did not differ between seasons, suggesting that temporal variation was not a key factor in structuring the streams macroinvertebrates. The results suggest that seasonal variations in biodiversity may be confounded by multiple factors, including possible overridden influence from the regional perspective of biodiversity. In order to establish reliable biomonitoring and conservation programs for biodiversity, studies from different seasons should be considered, especially regions rich in biodiversity.
Afrotropical, Biodiversity, Macroinvertebrates, Conservation,Temporal variation, Variabilities
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_102102.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_102102_b197838ba2e42641b42d48821db3ceb8.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
12
Chemical characteristics and phytochemicals of the brown alga Sargassum filipendulla from kelanit waters of southeast Maluku
535
547
EN
Nally Yans Grispinomia
Fraly Erbabley
Junianto
Junianto
10.21608/ejabf.2020.105542
Brown algae are leading commodities with high nutrients, and potential bioactive compounds. Furthermore, the seaweed contains carbohydrates, proteins, ash, water, vitamins and macro and microminerals, edible by humans. This study aims to determine the chemical and phytochemical characteristics of <em>S. filipendulla</em> brown algae in the Kelanit waters of Southeast Maluku. In addition, this research carried out the proximate analysis, mineral content test, and phytochemicals of ethanol extract. The results showed the chemical composition of <em>S. filipendulla</em> comprised 21.61%, 24.79%, 0.19%, 2.31%, and 52.20% of water, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate content respectively. Furthermore, the mineral level consisted of 21.52 mg/g, 0.50 mg/g, 21.53 mg/g and 27.60 mg/g of magnesium (mg), Iron (Fe), Sodium (Na), and Potassium (K) correspondingly. Also, the phytochemical analysis showed the presence of phenol, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and steroid compounds. Therefore, the active compound production of brown algae <em>S. filipendulla</em> is estimated to be alternative disease prevention in Indonesian aquaculture.
chemical characteristics,phytochemicals,Brown Algae,Sargassum filipendulla
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_105542.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_105542_0ddc7fa03e044ca98327bb081a37b9b0.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
24
4
2020
07
12
The residual effect of fish farms on the water quality of the Euphrates River, Iraq.
549
561
EN
Muwafaq
A. Rabeea
Ahmed
S. Al-Rawi
Osama
J. Mohammad
Bayan
M. Hussien
10.21608/ejabf.2020.102577
This is the first study using spatial distribution maps and water level fluctuations to highlight the impact of fish farms on the water quality of the Euphrates River. Physical and chemical characteristics were estimated before, during, and after the rainy season (October – December 2018) when the water velocity and the level of the river were in fluctuation. The water depth in the study area fluctuated between 4 and 4.5 meters. Field and laboratory analyzes were carried out, obtaining the ecological indicators of Dissolve Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD<sub>5</sub>), Water Temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), Phosphate (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) and Turbidity (NTU). The impacts of fish farms cages on river water for (DO, BOD<sub>5</sub>, and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) have been determined using multi spatial distribution maps. The results showed that the increase of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentration within the fish cages site A is more by 51 times than its normal concentration at the point A0, whereas, the decrease in DO concentration is reached 31%. The effective contaminated distance in the direction of downstream fish farm reaches more than 60 meters. The spatial concentration rate of the nitrate enrichment with the flow direction ranges from 0.58 to 0.60 mg/L for each meter. At the same time, the amount of dilution gradient ranges from 0.30 to 0.32 mg/L/m during the monitoring period. The spatial concentration rate of BOD<sub>5</sub> enrichment was 0.085, 0.08, and 0.06 mg/L/m, while the amount of dilution gradient was 0.04, 0.03, and 0.06 mg/L/m during October, November, and December, respectively.
Euphrates River,fish farms,Water Pollution,Water environment
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_102577.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_102577_1af060004de357c11532d85e933ae1c3.pdf