ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of partial and total replacement of fishmeal with sand smelt (Atherina boyeri) meal in practical diets for mono sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings.
The objective of the present study was carried out to evaluate partial and total replacing of the fishmeal protein supplied by sand smelt fishmeal (SSFM) (Atherina boyeri) in practical diets on fish health, growth performance and feed utilization of mono sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. The experiment lasted 16 weeks and includes five treatments 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% sand smelt fish meal (SSFM), respectively. An experimental diet containing is onitrogenous diets (30% crude protein), Ten ponds includes five treatments (Two replicates-almost 4 m3/pond)and Nile tilapia fingerlings stocked in 25 fish/m3 (7.65±0.3 g at initial body weight).The highest weight gain WG (75.94 g) was recorded for fish fed the 25% replacing diet (SSM25) followed by those fed the diet SSM50 (75.24 g), SSM75 (74.26 g), SSM0 (73.16 g) and SSM100 (72.14g), respectively and the differences inweight gain among the different fry groups were significant (P<0.05) and the same trend was observed for specific growth rate SGR. The average feed intake and feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of Nile tilapia were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the incorporation of sand smelt fish meal as a substitute of fish meal.Dry mater in whole fish body ranged between 28.83 and 29.59 with insignificant differences. Crude protein ranged between 55.69 and 58.06, ether extract ranged between 25.16 and 28.67, ash ranged between 14.83 and 15.58 with significant differences for ether extract and protein content of whole fish bodies.The present study indicated that replacing up to 75% of FM by SSM higher affected growth and feed utilization and reduced feeding costs by 13.99% for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings compared with control. Also, The results showed he can use sand smelt meal as an alternative to fish meal (Herring meal) at a rate of 100% in diets fed Nile tilapia without effect on the growth of total production compared to the control, which leads to higher economic returns.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2282_ede46bb6834f896a73ef390dd47ead4f.pdf
2016-01-01
1
13
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2282
Sand smelt meal
Fish meal replacement
O. niloticus
Growth performance
feed
utilization
Mohsen
Hussein
1
Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Elsadek
2
Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
AUTHOR
Sabry
Shehata
3
Department Zoology of Fish Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ellithy
4
Aquaculture Department, Genetics lab, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of an intensive culture system for the culture of the rotifer,Brachionus plicatilisusing ammonia removers
Rotifers are an essential starting live food for many fish and crustacean larvae in marine hatcheries. Recently, high-density intensive systems for the culture of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were initiated as an alternative for the traditional batch culture systems. Among the most common problems facing intensive culture systems,is the accumulation of dissociated ammonia (NH3) which hinders the development of this technique. This study was conducted to test the effect of different ammonia removal compounds on the population growth of the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis in an intensive system. The experimental closed-system design is composed of a rearing tank (100l capacity), a protein skimmer and a settling tank. Rotifers were fed with concentrated microalgae cells, Nannochloropsis oculata(3 x 109 cell/ml) and each experiment lasted for 10 days at 24C0. To investigate the effect of ammonia removerson population growth of rotifers, two commercial water conditioners were used (ChlorAm-X®, sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate, Aqua Science Research Group, Inc., MO, USA., added daily at a rate of 0.25 gm/106 rotifers) and (Ammo-Lock*, a registered trademark of Mars Fishcare, North America, Inc. added once at one gm/1lof culture water). At the end of each experiment, rotifer population numbers ranged from 300 – 1800 individual/ml. The best treatment method to get rid of ammonia and attain high population growth rates of rotifers was the use Ammo-Lock* followed by ChlorAm-X®.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2283_cd18308f02216ddd0f93dcb8023052c0.pdf
2016-01-01
15
21
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2283
Rotifer intensive culture
Brachionus plicatilis
ammonia removers
Soliman
Abdel Rahman
1
National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Attallah
2
National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Abu Zeid
3
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Hellal
4
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Fatma
Abdel Razek
5
National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studies on fecundity and some physiological features for the ovaries of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus treated with different concentrations of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA).
The present study aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of EDTA (0 g EDTA/L, 0.1 g EDTA/L and 0.3 g EDTA/L) on fecundity, survival rate and biochemical responses of the adult female of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticusreared in glass tanks. Results showed that, the fecundity increases with the increasing in the concentrations of EDTA compared with control. Survival rate are affected by high concentration of EDTA (0.3 g EDTA/L) and reached to 33.3 % at the end of third week. However, an addition of EDTA to aquaria containing adult females increased the biochemical parameters at high concentration compared with control and low concentration samples except total proteins showed deceasing to lowest level. Statistical analysis mentioned a significant difference between the low concentrationof EDTA and both of high concentration and control in all parameters. Otherwise, total carbohydrates exhibit non significant differences between all of them.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2284_90e96e616d970218810134786faf11c9.pdf
2016-01-01
25
33
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2284
EDTA
fecundity
physiological features
Oreochromis niloticus
Mohamed
Ghanem,
1
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Awaad
El-Sayed
2
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Hassan
3
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular characterization of growth hormone genes in Egyptian Tilapias
This study presented growth hormone (GH) gene of three fish species in Egypt namely; Oreochromis niloticus (KT387598 accession number), Sarotherodon galilaeus (KT387599 accession number) and Tilapia zillii (KT387600 accessionnumber) which belong to cichlids. The tilapiine species growth hormone (GH) genes were isolated and sequenced following amplification from genomic DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The sequences of GH gene were analyzed by GENEIOUS program ( V8.1) software. The gene lengths were variable among the three studied species which ranged from 1572bp to 1601bp and consisted of six exons and five introns. Was also described a novel polymorphism of the six exons and the five introns fragments. Exons showed 26 nucleotide polymorphisms(NPs) while the total number of NPs in introns was 37. A comparison between the three studied species indicated that T. zillii species was totally different from the others. It had three insertions and nine substitutions which were not existed in the other species. The sequencing predicted a polypeptide of 204 amino acids. The GH amino acid sequence of tilapiine species exhibited the homology in all amino acids expect only four amino acids which were different [Isoleucine (I)> Threonine (T), Glycine (G)> Arginine (R), Leucine (L)> Lysine (K) and Leucine (L)> Valine (V)] in78, 97, 132 and 133 sites, respectively; which all differences were only found in T. zillii species. In the phylogenetic tree the single outlier was T. zillii species.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2285_d91422d272ad811b4d1b68fd8e4fcb24.pdf
2016-01-01
35
46
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2285
Characterization
Growth hormone
Molecular
Egyptian Tilapias
Mohsen
Hussein
1
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Ahmed
2
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Abd El-Tawab
3
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Rashed
4
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shubra El- Khema, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studies on growth performance and health status when substituting fish meal by a mixture of oil seeds meal in diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)
This study was designed to determine the maximum replacing levels of Fish Meal protein (FM) by a mixture of oil seeds mealprotein (OSM) in five ration for Nile tilapia and Grey mullet. The OSM consisted of cottonseed, sunflower, canola and linseed meals. FM in the basal diet was replaced by OSM in the ration at replacing levels of (control) 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. A total number of 60 fingerlings; 40 of Oreochromis niloticus monosex and 20Mugil cephalus per hapa (3*8*1 m-2.5/m3) were randomly distributed into five treatments, each in two replicates. After 6 months of feeding, replacement of 50% of FM by OSM for Nile tilapia and 25% for grey mullet did not significantly affected Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Crude Protein (CP) and Ether Extract (EE), while the highestreplacing levels (75 or 100%) significantly (P<0.05) reduced these parameters. Growth parameters were relatively parallel to those of FCR and PER whereas, replacement up to 50% exhibited Body Weight (BW), Body Length (BL), Weight Gain (WG) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) not differing significantly (P<0.05) fromthe fish fed control diet. Compared to control, increasing OSM in the ration significantly reduced Hemoglobin, Hematocrit and the activity of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST). The incorporationof OSM in ration did not significantly affect whole-body Dry Matter (DM) and Crude Protein (CP).Based on results obtained in this study and on the economical evaluation, it could be concluded that, replacement of FM by OSM up to 50% in tilapia ration but 25% in mullet ration reduced feed costs/kg diet.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2286_53d5dd1879b33c79652fa2f5cf48cdb2.pdf
2016-01-01
47
58
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2286
Growth performance
oil seeds
O. niloticus
M. cephalus
Mahmoud
El-Gendy
1
1- Fish nutrition Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbasa, Sharkia, A.R.C. Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Shehab El-Din
2
2- Fish production Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbasa, Sharkia, A.R.C. Egypt.
AUTHOR
Adel
Tolan
3
3- Fish Health and Management Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbasa, Sharkia, A.R.C. Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of sex ratio and stocking density on the induced spawning of the Egyptian sole (Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud, 1927)
This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of sex ratio and stocking density on the induced spawning and reproductive performance of the Egyptian sole (Solea aegyptiaca) broodstock. Broodstock spawners were intermuscularly injected with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone (HCG) below the dorsal fine base; the dose was 7000 IU/Kg body weight of fish. In this study, three different broodstock sex ratios: 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 (male ♂: female ♀) were tested. The highest fertilized eggs/ treatment and larvae/ treatment were observed in sex ratio (1♂:2♀). While, the highest fertilized eggs/ female, fertilized eggs/ g female, hatching rate and number of spawning were observed in sex ratio (2♂:1♀). Under the conditions tested in this study, larvae production of S. aegyptiaca was affected by differentbroodstock sex ratios and improved at a sex ratio (1♂:2♀). Also, four different broodstock stocking densities: 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25 Kg/m3 were tested. The highest fertilized eggs/ treatment, fertilized eggs/ g female and larvae/ treatment wereobserved in stocking density 0.75 Kg/m3 followed the other stocking densities. The lowest fertilized eggs/ female and/ g female were observed in stocking density 1.25 Kg/m3. Under the conditions tested in this study, larvae production of S. aegyptiaca was affected by different broodstock stocking densities and the best stocking density was 0.75 Kg/m3. Also, results demonstrated superiority of artificial spawnin compared to natural one. From the results of this study, it is recommended to use artificial spawning in S. aegyptiaca with sex ratio (1♂:2♀) and stocking density (0.75 Kg/m3).
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2287_a2cb683e9f17608557ccee0d373b8511.pdf
2016-01-01
59
75
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2287
Solea aegyptiaca
induced spawning
reproductive performance
sex ratio
stocking density
Hamed
Saleh
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
AUTHOR
Ragab
Mohammed
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
AUTHOR
Ramadan
Abou-Zied
3
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Sobhy
Allam
4
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Safaa
Aljilany
5
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of mono or polyculture systems on water quality, growth performance and economic efficiency of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844)
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the graded replacement of stocking density rate (0, 4, 8 and 12%) of the monosex Oreochromis niloticus by the silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix as a mono (T1) or poly-culture systems (T2, T3, and T4, respectively) for 124 days (4 months) on water quality parameters, growth performance and feed efficiency parameters, condition factor, fish organs indices, fish body composition. The total production of O. niloticus and economic efficiency parameters were evaluated in each treatment. An experimental field study wasconducted in covered floating net cages in the Lake Manzala. The obtained results revealed the positive effects of rearing O. niloticus in poly-culture systems with H. molitrix compared to mono-culture system of O. niloticus (T1). O. niloticus reared in poly-culture system at stocking rate 4% (T2) or 8% (T3) with H. molitrix significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved the growth rate, feed efficiency (feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein and energy utilization), and chemical composition of the fish body (crude protein, ether extract, energy content) parameters of both fish species. While, O. niloticus reared in poly-culture system with 12% silver carp (T4) gave the highest total output, total profit, and economic efficiency (%) among all the experimental mono (T1) or poly-culture systems with silver carp (T2 and T3). Thus, it could beconcluded that monosex O. niloticus reared with H. molitrix at 4% (T2), and 8% (T3) in poly-culture systems are the best aquaculture systems among the experimental mono (T1) or other poly-culture system with 12% H. molitrix (T4). But economically, O. niloticus reared in poly-culture system with 12% silver carp (T4) is the bestaquaculture system among all the experimental systems.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2288_5fd62359bd564909c97e9cad10584fb9.pdf
2016-01-01
77
90
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2288
Nile tilapia
Silver carp
Aquaculture
Growth performance
Lake Manzala
Ahmed
Mehrim
1
Animal Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Refaey
2
Animal Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Abdallah
El-Shebly
3
Fish culture Lab, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Behery
4
Animal Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of replacement of soybean meal with guar korma meal on growth performance and some physiological parameters of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings.
This study aimed to evaluate the partial and complete substitution of soybean meal as crude protein by various levels (0%, 25%, 5٠% , 75% and 100%) of guar korma meal (GKM) (Cyamopsis tetragonolobus) in the Tilapia diet on growthperformance, feed utilization, carcass composition and physiological parameters (ALT, AST and glucose level). Water quality parameters were checked and evaluated on a daily basis and the other factors were analyzed fortnightly of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Five isonitrogenous (30% crude protein) and isocaloric (4300 kcal/kg gross energy) diets were formulated to contain guar korma meal at 0 , 9.5 , 18.5, 27.75 and 37 % crude protein levels by replacing soybean meal at 0 , 25, 50, 75 and 100% crude protein, respectively. An experimental dietcontaining 37 % soybean meal and 0% guar meal protein was used as a control diet. All fish were fed at 5 % body weight / day in three replicates. Results of the present study concluded that guar korma meal is a promising ingredient source of protein in aqua feeds and can be included up to 18.5 % crude protein by replacing 50% of soybean meal crude protein during feed formulation for the Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus) diets system without affecting the growth performance and feed utilization.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2289_7b46102be1b6e8c8502faaa35d3fb3ba.pdf
2016-01-01
91
106
10.21608/ejabf.2016.2289
Oreochromis niloticus
soybean, meal replacement, guar korma,growth performance, feed,utilization
water quality, physiological parameters
Hussein
M. S
1
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fish Production, Cairo,
AUTHOR
El-Zayat
M
2
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fish Production, Cairo,
AUTHOR
Abdel
M.
3
Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abou-Hammad, Sharkia, Egypt
AUTHOR
El-Kady
A.
4
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fish Production, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Morphological, histological and ultrastructural studies on the testes of Liza carinata from the Suez Bay in correlation with its reproductive cycle
Despite that Liza carinata (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) is economically important fish of the Red Sea, little information is known about its testicular cycle. Moreover, a good understanding of the reproductive parameters of a fish such as the gonadal development, sexual maturation, gonado-somatic index and spawning season, is of paramount importance for the fisheries management. So, the present study is aimed to gain more information about the morphology, histology and ultrastructure characteristics of male L. carinata during its reproductive cycle. According to the seasonal variations in the gonado-somatic index of males L. carinata, the year can be divided into three seasons, namely: the pre-spawning season (from early June to late August), the spawning season (from early September to Late December) and the post-spawning season (from early January to late May). The average values of gonado-somatic index were small in the pre-spawning season and then they increased sharply to reach the highest value in the spawning season. The values of GSI decreased gradually to reach the smallest value in the post-spawning season. Histologically, the testis of L. carinata is formed of a large number of highly convoluted seminiferous lobules. Each seminiferous lobule is divided into numerous isogenic cysts which contain different stages of the spermatogenic cells that enclosed by the Sertoli cells. Six stages of the spermatogenic cells can be identified in the seminiferous lobules during the different seasons, namely: the spermatogonia A and B, primary and secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa. In addition, the ultrastructural examination revealed that the spermatids are differentiated into three different stages, namely: the early, middle and late spermatids. The spermatozoa have similar structure to those of fish that breed through external fertilization, thus classifying them as uniflagellate anacrosomal aquasperm.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_22980_91dffe74d449da7e81246cb4349e20a0.pdf
2016-01-01
107
126
10.21608/ejabf.2016.22980
Liza carinata
Gonado-somatic index
cystic testes
unrestricted spermatogenesis
aquasperm
Fawzia
Abd El-Rahman
fawzia_a_a@yahoo.com
1
Zoology Department- Faculty of Science- Ain Shams University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamza
El-Shabaka
hamzashabaka@gmail.com
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
William
Rizkalla
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Mazaya E.
Abo-Mosallam
4
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Azza A.
El-Ganainy
5
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez branch
AUTHOR