ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hydrochemistry and nutrients of Bitter and Temsah Lakes, Suez Canal, Egypt.
Temperature, pH, salinity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Oxidizable Organic Matter (OOM) as well as ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate were studied seasonally in the surface water of Bitterand Temsah Lakes during 2009 and 2010. The results revealed that: i) the annual mean range of concentration of theseparameters in Bitter lakes were (24.53oC; 8.09; 40.40 ‰; 7.26 mgO2/L; 1.74 mgO2/L;1.29 mgO2/L; 1.69 μmol/L; 0.52 μmol/L; 2.91 μmol/L; 0.62 μmol/L and 3.13 μmol/L, respectively). On the other hand, the corresponding values in Temsah Lake were (25.07oC; 8.11; 28.84 ‰; 6.96 mgO2/L; 3.35 mgO2/L; 2.70 mgO2/L; 2.78 μmol/L; 0.92 μmol/L; 6.16 μmol/L; 1.03 μmol/L; and 4.99 μmol/L, respectively). ii) The aquatic system of Temsah Lake became deteriolized, where the concentration of contaminants viz: BOD, OOM, and nutrient salts were relatively increased, probably due to the effect of acute pollution of the disposal of untreated sewage and agriculture effluents from sweet Canal. iii) Seasonally, nutrient salts recorded the highest values during winter and this is may be due to tidal current of the water column, which mixes the bottom water with the surface. While the lowest values were recorded during autumn and spring, due to the production of phytoplankton standing crop iv) The calculated N: P: Si ratios are less than that of Redfield ratio, suggesting that the areas under investigation (Bitter and Temsah Lakes) are N limited, and v).The level of nutrients and other trophic indicating parameters, refer that the areas of investigation are in eutrophic state.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2120_21471a21934385c0e88b1b5434cb6c37.pdf
2012-05-01
1
12
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2120
water quality
Nutrients
Bitter Lakes
Temsah Lake
Suez Canal
Mohamed
Hamed
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez and Aqaba Gulfs Branch, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
El-Sawy
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez and Aqaba Gulfs Branch, Egypt
AUTHOR
Emad
Abu El-Naga
3
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez and Aqaba Gulfs Branch, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Antibacterial Activity of some Red Sea Soft Corals species
The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of crude extracts from some soft coral species from the Red Sea, Hurghada, Egypt. Crude extracts of Lobophytum pauciliforum, Dendronephthya hemprichi, Sarcophytongracile, Sarcophyton glaucum, Sinularia gardineiri, Sinularia leptoclados, Nephthea pacifica, Sarcophyton acutum, Sarcophyton spongosium and Xenia macrospiculata, were tested against fish and human pathogenic bacteria. The well cut - diffusion technique was used to determine the absolute activity units (AU) and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using disc-diffusion technique were determined against the most affected bacterial pathogens (E. coli and S. aureus). The AU of the ethanolic crude extract ranged from 1.4 to 25.0 for Sarcophyton acutum andLobophytum pauciliforum, respectively. On the other side, ethyl acetate crude extracts showed the highest AU (16.0) for L. pauciliforum against S. aeurus, followed by (11.1) of N. pacifica and X. macrospiculata against). The MIC of L. pauciliforum ethyl acetate crude extract was recorded as (50 mg ml-1) against both E. coli and S. areaus ATCC 6358.Extracts from some soft corals showed the ability to inhibit the growth of some pathogenic bacteria indicating that it could be used for medical purposes.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2121_20a6deb8fe8e8fc8edcad22b641b864e.pdf
2012-05-01
13
26
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2121
Antibacterial activity
Soft corals
MIC
Cytotoxicity. INTRODUCTION
Hassan
Ibrahim
1
Microbiology Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria Branch
AUTHOR
Saad
Mohamed
2
Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University.
AUTHOR
Aml
Farhat
3
Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Hurghada branch.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abu El-Regal
4
Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Age, growth, mortality rates and corresponding yield estimates of the snubnose emperor Lethrinus borbonicus from south Sinai coast, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Age-based demographic analysis were conducted to assess the current status of fished stock of the snubnose emperor Lethrinus borbonicus in South Sinai coast, Gulf of Suez, Red Sea. L. borbonicus is one of the most abundant emperors in the area, representing about 10% of the total artisanal fishery in south Sinai coast. Seasonal samples were collected from the commercial small scale fishery during the period from June 2005 until April 2007. The otoliths were used for age determination. Validation of the ageing method was carried out by analyzing the seasonal length frequency distributions. The life span was found to be four years. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters from otolith age reading were L∞= 36.76 cm, K= 0.344year-1 and to= -0.321. Instantaneous rates of fishing mortality (F) were beyond thelimit reference point compared with estimated instantaneous rates of natural mortality (M), indicating that there is currently a risk to the sustainability of that stock. Results of the exploitation rate (E=0.583) and relative yield per recruit showed that the snubnose resource in the Gulf of Suez is overexploited and that small 16 individualsare the target of the fishery referring to recruitment overfishing also. Some implications for the fishery management for decreasing fishing effort are required.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2122_8eea6e351c91186024b0427cba9972ae.pdf
2012-05-01
27
34
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2122
Lethrinus borbonicus
Age
Growth
mortality
Gulf of Suez
Red Sea
Azza
ElGanainy
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, B.O. Box 182, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amal
Amin
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, B.O. Box 182, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors possibly affecting growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and M. flos aquae isolated from Wadi El-Raiyan Upper Lake Egypt under laboratory conditions
Experiments were carried out to determine the effects of some environmental factors causing the phenomenon of algal blooming in the upper lake of Wadi El-Raiyan under laboratory conditions. Microcystis aeruginosa and M. flos aquaewere isolated from Wadi El-Raiyan Lakes. Mono-clonal culture of each species was kept in 100-ml BG11 media in the laboratory for 5 days. The algal growth was measured by the determination of chlorophyll a and cell count to understand the succession patterns of both species in relation to the tested environmental conditions. The best photoperiod cycle was found to be (14:10 hrs) and the growth of the two species increased with increasing light intensities up to 45μ E m -2 s -1. Salinity and the growth of tested species exhibited a significant inverse relationship, increased salinity inhibiting algal growth. Water pH range from 7 to11 was suitable for growth of both species, while a pH below or above this range caused a significant decrease in growth. High nitrogen sources entering into Wadi El-Raiyan Lake may be one of the reasons for the blooming of the tested microalgae. The toxic effects of the bloom-forming species impact the economic fish resources of the lake leading to fish kills.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2123_fde05e79cd57b9b564e18951c57e6bba.pdf
2012-05-01
35
46
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2123
Microcystis aeruginosa
Microcystis flos aquae
Wadi El-Raiyan
Photoperiod
salinity
pH
Hoda
Nasr
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Inland Water Branch, Hydrobiology
AUTHOR
Shymaa
Zaher
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Inland Water Branch, Hydrobiology
AUTHOR
Ahmed
El-Awamri
3
Botany Dept., Faculty of Science, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biology and assessment of the thread fin bream Nemipterus japonicus in Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Monthly data of length frequency for Nemiptrus japonicus landed between September 2010 to July 2011 from commercial catch at El-Attaka fish landing along the Gulf of Suez were used to estimate the age composition, growth parameters, sex ratio ,condition factor, length at first sexual maturity, mortality exploitation rate, relative yield per recruit, and relative biomass per recruit. The maximum total length and weight were 29cm and 219.92 g, respectively. Females and males were represented by 46% and 54%, respectively, of the particular population of the species.The total length of females ranged from 8.5-25cm, and of males 10-29cm. The lengthweight relationship for combined sexes were estimated as W=0.025*L2.733. Age determination based on length frequency data showed that the life span extended to five years. The von Bertaianffy growth parameters were estimated as: L∞ =33.65cm, K=0.450 and t◦ = -0.123. Females matured at a total length of 12.5 cm, while males matured at a total length of 11.4 cm.The mortality rates were computed as (Z) =1.75 y -1 , (M)=0.529 y -1 and (F) =1.221 y -1 . The exploitation rate was estimated as E cur.0.697. The relative yield per recruit and relative biomass per recruit analysis showed that the stock of Nemiptrus japonicus in the Gulf of Suez was overexploited.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2124_b36cc9c46de266c1c917ae6adc10341c.pdf
2012-05-01
47
57
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2124
Nemiptrus japonicus
Age
growth parameters
sex ratio
length at first sexual maturity
mortality%
exploitation rate
relative yield per recruit
relative biomass per recruit
Amal
Amine
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Red Sea and Suez & Aqaba Gulfs Branch
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nesting of marine turtles on the Egyptian beaches of the Red Sea
Nesting of two species; the hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricate and the green turtle Chelonia mydas on the Egyptian beaches of the Red Sea were studied. The nesting seasons were extended from May to July with a peak in June for the hawksbill and from June to August with a peak in July for the green turtle. Separate nesting grounds for both species with minimum overlap were observed. In total, 38 beaches were surveyed and classified according to the density of nests and tracks. Out of the 38 surveyed beaches, 8 totally offshore beaches were classified as valuable nestinggrounds for the hawksbill and 14 beaches for green turtles (inshore and offshore sites).The quantitative estimation of nesting level (i.e. density of nests and tracks) indicated that there are 3 most valuable nesting offshore beaches for the hawksbill and 8 sites for the green turtle (3 inshore and 5 offshore). During 2001-2008, the nesting activities were estimated quantitatively based on the density of true and false nests aswell as the dimensions of tracks, nests and female turtle at the most valuable nesting sites (Small and Big Giftun Islands for hawksbill, Zabarged Island, Ras Bagdadi and Umm El-Abas, for green turtles). Hatching percentages, clutch sizes as well as egg and hatchling sizes for both species were estimated.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2125_523b1bc6117efe8e47ba171ff0316d19.pdf
2012-05-01
59
71
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2125
Red Sea
Marine turtles
turtle nesting
conservation
Mahmoud
Hanafy
1
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Monitoring of 17 β-Estradiol Residues in the Suez Canal Region
This study was initiated to provide the first record of monitoring of 17 β- estradiol (E2) residues in some Egyptian aquatic ecosystems. Samples of water were collected from three water bodies located in the Suez Canal region. Samples wereextracted, filtered and examined by HPLC on a C18 column using Florescence detectors. Results provided evidence of the presence of estradiol in the studied area. Interestingly, marine lakes contained significant levels of 17 β-estradiol (P <0.05). Lower levels were also detected in the rivlet streams supplied by River Nile.Detection of estradiol in the aquatic ecosystems of the Suez Canal region grabs the attention towards the heavy reliance on some esterogenic medicinal products in the area, and the eventual effect on the aquatic systems including biodiversity of a variety of organisms. Therefore, it is recommended to enlarge the detection scanning of estradiol in other Egyptian areas.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2126_a1da6fb2d614ca8b1eb071b011dc2dcb.pdf
2012-05-01
73
81
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2126
estradiol
Temsah Lake
Suez Canal region
Nagwa
Elnwishy
1
Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Suez Canal University, (New Campus), Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Amro
Hanora
2
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Martin
Hedström
3
3- Department of Biotechnology, center of chemistry & chemical engineering, Lund university, Lund 22100, Sweden.
AUTHOR
Helmy
Omran
4
Department of Food Technology, faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Vitamin E as antioxidant in female african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to chronic toxicity of atrazine
The present study was planned aiming to investigate the effects of atrazine herbicide exposure on stress biomarkers acetylcholinesterase activity (AchE) and cortisol, oxidative stress responses and the histopathological changes in liver offemale Clarias gariepinus and the ameliorative effect of vitamin E supplementation (240mg/kg diet) on the degree of atrazine sublethal toxicity (1.37mg/l) for 6 weeks. Chronic exposure to atrazine revealed a marked inhibition in the activity of AchE. But, significant increase of serum cortisol level was recorded. Moreover, atrazine exposure was associated with a marked induction of oxidative damage in liver tissue as evidenced by increased level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Atrazine exposure also led to a significant increase in the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).Furthermore, histopathological examination of the liver of exposed fish showed dilatation and congestion of blood vessels, fatty degeneration, necrosis and pyknotic nuclei of hepatocytes. However, fish fed diet supplemented with vitamin E exhibited protective effect by minimizingthe atrazine-induced toxicity, through measured values more or less similar to the control group fish.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2127_1a9acc773e78b7e556f2c3586cd1a28e.pdf
2012-05-01
83
98
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2127
atrazine
Clarias gariepinus
Cortisol
Oxidative Stress
histopathology
Shadia
Kadry
1
Department of Zoology, Girls college for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University.
AUTHOR
Afnan
Amer
2
Department of Zoology, Girls college for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Marzouk
3
Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.
AUTHOR
Magdy
Hanna
4
Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.
AUTHOR
Amal
Azmy
5
Department of Zoology, Girls college for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University.
AUTHOR
Heba
Hamed
6
Department of Zoology, Girls college for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Larvicidal effect of crude extracts of some marine plants (mangrove and seagrasses) on mosquitoes of Culex pipiens
Marine halophytes (mangroves and sea grasses) were collected from the Red Sea coast of Egypt and tested for their mosquitocidal activities. The toxicities of mangroves Avicennia marina & Rhizophora mucronata, and seagrassesThalassodendron ciliatum, Halodule uninervis and Halophilia stipulacea were examined against lab. Strain of 3rd instar larvae of Culex pipiens. Results showed that extracts of seeds and leaves of Avicennia marina were more effective than other parts of the same plant as well as of the leaves of Rhizophpra mucronata against 3rd instar larvae of Culex pipiens mosquito. On the other hand, comparison of the toxicities of the three species of sea grasses showed that crude extract of Halodule uninervis was more active against 3rd instar larvae of mosquito Cu pipiens than crude extracts ofThalassodendron Ciliatum and Halophilia stipulacea. In view of these results, the purified active compounds from the most effective samples found in our studies could be effective in killing mosquito larvae or repelling adult female mosquitoes in an economic and safe manner.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2128_2b32ecebaaa1882fd01de66cac9be88b.pdf
2012-05-01
99
105
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2128
Mangroves plants
sea grasses
Mosquito
toxicity
Rafat
Khattab
1
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 2- Department of biology, Almadinah Almonawara, Taibah university, Kingdom of Saudi
AUTHOR
Ali
Gaballa
2
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Saad
Zakaria
3
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ibrahim
Sallam
4
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abdullah
Ali
5
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Growth and gonadal maturation of Keeled mullet, Liza carinata, (Valenciennes, 1836) cultured at different salinities
The growth experiment was conducted in fish culture outdoor cement ponds (5X4X1.2) under controlled conditions and filled with water (20 m3). The experiment was carried out through 210 days. Every day, about 15-20% of water content was replaced to maintain water quality. Fish in all ponds were fed about 5% of total fish weight on artificial diet contains 25% fish meal. Experimental salinities (5, 15, 25, and 40 ‰) in four ponds (triplicate design) were obtained by diluting sea water with dechlorinated tap water (by passing through active charcoal). Fish at salinities 5 ‰ and 40 ‰ exhibited greater growth in length (cm) 10.77±0.097, 11.39±0.088 and weight (gm) 12.3±0.319, 15.02±0.44, respectively (P<0.05). Fishes at salinities of 15 ‰ and 25 ‰ represented lower growth in length 9.15±0.23, 9.1±0.10 and weight7.41±0.53, 7.83±0.29, respectively (P>0.05). It was found that salinity does not affect significantly the condition factor of the individuals. Condition factor was ranging from 0.93 to 1.03 and there were no significant differences (P<0.05) between fish that had been subjected to different salinity treatments. Gonad somatic index (GSI) wassignificantly influenced by salinity (P>0.05). The GSI for both males and females have nearly the same fluctuation trends which reached to the maximum level at salinity of 40 ‰ for both sexes; 8.9 for female and 2.1 for male. The highestcoefficient "b" of length-weight relationship were 2.839, 2.847 for fishes at salinities 40 ‰ and 5 ‰, respectively they closed to 3 it is indicated that isometric growth. The gonad maturation of salinity 5‰ reached to ripe stage for male and yolk vesicle stage for female but it reached to ripe stage at salinity 40‰ for both sex. These resultssuggest that Liza carinata is a suitable candidate for low salinity brackish water aquaculture. This could lead to significant cost savings when rearing fish inland.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2129_8a3b525fc7fb2ca8e44d3ef74c7b8143.pdf
2012-05-01
107
119
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2129
Liza carinata
salinity
Growth
gonadal maturation
Kamal
Elboray
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
Magdy
EL-Halfawy
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
Waheed
Mahmoud
3
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amal
Ramadan
4
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
Yousry
Soliman
5
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amal
Amin
6
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Stock Assessment and Potential management of Sardinella aurita Fisheries in the East Mediterranean sea (North Sinai coast).
Age, growth and population biology of Sardinella aurita were studies from a small fishery of East Mediterranean Sea (North Sinai coast). 4450 specimens ranged between 6 and 22.9 cm total length and varied from 3 to 77.1 g total weight, were collected from January to December, 2010. The relationship between length and weight was estimated as W=0.016 L2.611. Age was determined using scales reading technique and the longevity of this species was found to be 4 years. Growth in length and in weight at the end of each year were calculated. The growth parameters of theVon-Bertalanffy equation were calculated as L∞= 28.37cm, K= 0.2336 Yr-1 and t0= - 0.9808 Yr. Growth performance index Ø was estimated as 2.2742. Total, natural and fishing mortality rates were 0.99.7 Yr -1, 0.3507 Yr -1 and 0.53 Yr-1 respectively. The currently exploitation rate (E=0.6) indicate that the stock of S. aurita in North Sinaifishery is not overexploitation. The mean index of growth performance is lower than that for the another regions this may be related to unsuitable environment.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2130_8c5efc0b1637bd95919ddcee0ba064ac.pdf
2012-05-01
121
132
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2130
Sardinella aurita
Growth
mortality
East Mediterranean sea
Nabil
Abd EL Hakim
1
Fcaulty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Hussein
2
Fcaulty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Attaia
omar
3
General Authority for Fisheries Resources Development, EL-Arish, North Sinai, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Desoukt
4
Department of Aquaculture, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Shrkia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hosam
Agouz
5
Department of Aquaculture, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Shrkia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of organic and chemical fertilization on growth performance,phytoplankton biomass and fish production in carp polyculture system
This study reports on the effect of organic (sheep and cow manure), and chemical fertilizers, on the phytoplankton, primary productivity and aquaculture production in the cultivation of carp in semi-intensive earthen ponds. The averagebiomass final (kg) were 1687.4, 1948.8 and 2370.6 kg / fed. in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Treatment with chemical fertilizers was found to present the highest yield with 11.57 ± 0.67 kg/fed./day. It was followed by treatment with cow manure (9.20 ± 1.24 kg/fed./day) and sheep manure (7.79 ± 1.95 kg/fed./day). Concentrations of phytoplankton were significantly (p<0.05) higher in ponds fertilized with sheep and cow manures (1,824,726 and 1,416,416 cells/ml, respectively) than in ponds fertilized with chemical fertilizer (1,084,630 cells/ml). All of water quality parameters (P>0.05), were within the acceptable range during the present study. In general, conditions were adequate to obtain high yields without the commercial feed, therefore organic fertilizers application can be recommended, due to its availability and low costs.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2131_cf3da67b8576a2ae025341257a22e16c.pdf
2012-05-01
133
143
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2131
polyculture
chemical and organic fertilizers
water quality
carp
Mohsen
Hussein
1
Department of Animal Production (Fish Production), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of various feeding frequencies on growth performance and previously starved fingerlings and juveniles of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Growth performance in fingerlings and juveniles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus, was examined after various feeding frequencies. Fish were first fed once, twice, thrice and four times daily over a period of 10 weeks before satiation feedingresumed for 12 weeks. Monthly changes in weight gain, feed intake, nutrient utilization and economy of production were monitored. No significant difference was observed in the feed conversion ratio and voluntary feed intake both at the juvenile and fingerling stages. Fish fed thrice a day recorded the highest mean weight gain but no significant differences were observed across the different feeding frequencies in the juvenile fish. The specific growth rate value of 0.69 and 0.63%/day was observed for the fingerlings and juveniles had the least value in fish that were fed four times aday, while no significant differences were observed in all economic parameters measured for the juveniles across the feeding levels. On the contrary fingerlings fed once were significantly different having the lowest values from those fed with other feeding levels in the investment cost analysis and gross profit. It can be concluded that the fish fed at once a day for a period of 10 weeks, can still catch-up with others fed at higher feeding frequencies when returned to satiation feeding.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2132_931ce2ccaf6844e1ac2c8f6eac41a1d5.pdf
2012-05-01
145
152
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2132
African catfish
feeding frequencies
Growth performance
nutrient utilization
economy of production
feeding frequency
Mohsen
Hussein
1
Department of Animal Production (Fish Production), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of feed, manure and their combination on the growth of Cyprinus carpio (L.) fry and fingerlings
Two field experiments, each of 120-day, were conducted in twelve earthen ponds, each with dimensions 50 x 20 x 1.0m (length x width x depth) were located at Serow Fish Farm, National Institute of Oceanography And Fisheries, DakahliaGovernorate, Egypt, with a view to study the effect of nutrient inputs (feed, manure and their combination) on the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fry and fingerlings of the fish. The treatments consisted of control (C, T1), only feed (F, T2), only manure (M, T3) and manure plus feed (M+F (T4)). Poultry manure was applied in split dosesto ponds of manure treatments (M and M+F). Fry (Experiment one) and fingerlings(Experiment two) of average initial weight 0.67 g and 3.2 g respectively, were stocked seven days after the initial manure application at 5 individuals/m2. Fish in F and M+F treatments were provided a fish meal based pelleted diet once daily in the morning at 5% of body weight. The most dominant genera of phytoplankton encountered were Microcystis, Anabaena and Microspora, while among the zooplankton, Keratella and Nauplii dominated. M+F treatment had the highest plankton biomass (P<0.05). Significant (P<0.05) variation in both phyto and zooplankton dry weight was recorded with respect to the study period. Both feeding and manuring, individually and in combination, significantly improved (P<0.05) the growth of the fish. The highest specific growth rate, final fish weight, and gross production were recorded in M+F treatment in both the experiments. The difference in survival among the control and treatments was not significant in experiment one(P>0.05), whereas F and M+F treatments recorded lower survival (P<0.05) in the second experiment. Fish production was comparable under feed (F) and manure (M) treatments (P>0.05) in experiment one, but was significantly (P<0.05) different in experiment two. The increment in gross fish production over the control was 103.22 and 119.99% in feed, 77.30 and 59.44% in manure and 162.34 and 175.08% in M+F treatments of the two experiments respectively. Carcass protein, fat and ash contents were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the three treatments as compared to the control.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2133_68a08fe7dfa08132eac5e7553ceb5083.pdf
2012-05-01
153
168
10.21608/ejabf.2012.2133
Common carp, Natural food, poultry manure, Supplementary feed
Fish production,carcass composition
Mohsen
Hussein
1
Department of Animal Production (Fish Production), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
AUTHOR