ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of heavy metals in edible muscles of some marine organisms from the Arabian Gulf (in Saudi Arabia)
Over the last decades, there has been growing interest in determining heavy metal levels in the marine environment and attention was drawn to the measurement of contamination levels in public food supplies, particularlyseafood. The aim of this study was to determine the current levels of total copper, chromium, cadmium, lead, manganese ,magnesium, zinc and mercury in two crustacean species namely Penaeus sp. and Portunus sp. and one molluscan cephalopod species (Sepia sp.) which were caught from Saudi Arabia coastlines on the Arabian Gulf to ascertain whether these concentrations exceeded the permissible limits and to identify any potential public health risks that could be associated with dietary intakes of such seafood from the Arabian Gulf.The results revealed that the average concentrations of these heavy metals, except for cadmium, in edible muscles of Sepia were higher than that of prawn and crab. The mean concentrations of these metals, except for chromiumand lead, were lower in edible tissues of the prawn than that in the crab. Furthermore, it was recorded that mercury was not detected in edible muscles of both prawn and crab. Therefore, metals levels in tissues of these aquaticorganisms were found below the maximum content recommended by health agencies and so they are considered safe for human consumption.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2041_9aa6cd36d338be9ab1d04a71e14ceece.pdf
2009-04-01
1
15
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2041
Arabian Gulf
Heavy metals
Muscles
Sepia Penaeus
Partunus
Hala
Abd -El Salam
1
Department of zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ultrastructural studies of the tegument and excretory system of the cestode Nematotaenia kashmirensis (Fotedar, 1966) infecting the toad Bufo regularis in Egypt.
The fine structure of the tegument of N. kashmirensis (Nematotaeniidae: Cyclophyllidea) mature proglottids consists of distal cytoplasm connected with underlying perikarya by cytoplasmic bridges. The distal cytoplasm lies onthe basal lamina below which there are two layers of smooth muscles, circular and longitudinal bundles. The distal cytoplasm contains mitochodria, electron dense bodies and vesicles of variable size, shape and density. The tegument bears three types of microtriches, namely: filiform, spiniform and digitiform. They have multiple functions, such as amplification of the surface area for digestion and absorption, excretion, movement, attachment to the intestinal mucosa of their hosts and external protection. Type and distribution of microtriches are considered to be of systematicand phylogenetic importance. The fine structure of the excretory system consists of numerous flame cellseach bears a bunch of 54 cilia, which are anchored in the cytoplasm by means of basal bodies possessing striated rootlets. All cilia in the flame cell are aligned in the same direction. The flame and duct cells are connected by interdigitating ribs of cytoplasm separated by a fibrous sheet. Both internal and external leptotrichesare also present. The apical surface of the cytoplasm lining the duct is convoluted and its surface area is further amplified by microvilli.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2042_92d310caf6014cf3572b4ae33a46876f.pdf
2009-04-01
17
34
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2042
Toad
Bufo regularis
tegument
excretory system
Nematotaenia
kashmirensis
Amira
El Kabbany
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sci., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Light and scanning electron microscope studies on the nematode Aplectana macintoshii Travassos,1931(Ascaridida:Cosmocercidae) infecting the toad Bufo regularis in Egypt.
Aplectana macintoshii Travassos,1931 from the intestine of Bufo regularis was described and illustrated. A. macintoshii adult worms are small dieocious nematodes. Males are distinguishable from females by their smallersize, long slender curved posterior end and accessory copulatory structures with two equal spicules. Cuticle with longitudinal and circular annulations and somatic papillae. Mouth is small opening surrounded by three lips. Each lipbears two conspicuous papillae. The alimentary canal is composed of mouth that leads to oesophageal corpus, oesophageal bulb, intestine and rectum. The reproductive system of A. macintoshii is tubular. Females have two genital tubes that are distinguished into two ovaries, oviducts, uteri which join to form a single vagina which opens to the exterior through the vulva that lies near the anterior end of the body. The male genital tube consists of a blind-ending testis,seminal vesicle, vas deferens and the ejaculatory duct which opens into the rectum via the cloaca. The genital tubes of these parasitic nematoades are twisted around the intestine.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2043_7c271bd28b359b1e4d5344ebc7bac8a6.pdf
2009-04-01
35
47
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2043
Bufo regularis
Aplectana macintoshii
Electron Microscope
Nematode
Amira
El Kabbany
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sci., Zagazig Univ., Zagzig, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hesham
Sharaf
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sci., Zagazig Univ., Zagzig, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hala
Abdel salam
3
Department of zoology, Faculty of Sci., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Food and Feeding Habits of Three Cichlid Species Inhabiting Damietta Branch of the River Nile, Egypt
The present study is concerned with the seasonal analysis of the stomach contents of three species of cichlid fishes inhabiting Damietta branch of the River Nile, Egypt, namely Oreochromis niloticus (Linn., 1758), Sarotherodongalilaeus (Linn., 1758) and Tilapia zillii (Gerv., 1848). The natural food was studied from the stomach contents of fish ranging from 12-29, 11- 24 and 10- 21 cm in total length of the previous species, respectively. Stomach contents wereanalyzed using the frequency of occurrence and Percentage of composition methods. Additionally, feeding intensity, index of relative importance (IRI) and selectivity index (S) were calculated. The results showed that, food from plantorigin dominates the diet of the three studied species and occurred frequently in more than 60.0% of the examined stomach. Values of IRI emphasized the importance of diatoms, blue green and green algae as major food resources inthe stomach of O. niloticus followed by rotifers and organic detritus. S. galilaeus and T. zillii followed nearly the same trend as O. niloticus, but plant tissues follow blue green and green algae in the diet of T. zillii. IRI indicates also theimportance of food of animal origin in the diets of O. niloticus and S. galilaeus than T. zillii. The feeding intensity is strongly influenced by season, since the highest stomach fullness occurred during summer. In conclusion, Cichlid fishspecies in Damietta Branch of River Nile are omnivorous, and did not consume food at random but have the ability to select and choose the preferred food stuff even during different seasons. These seasonal variations in preferred food makes the intraspecific competition between these species very low.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2044_478b32165605989fc3b9054b2b48d3c4.pdf
2009-04-01
49
66
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2044
River Nile
Damietta Branch
O. niloticus
S. galilaeus
T. zillii
feeding
Habits
Feeding intensity
frequency of occurrence
Kariman
Shalloof
dr_kariman88@yahoo.com
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 101 Kaser El- Eini St. Egypt.
AUTHOR
Midhat
El-Kasheif
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 101 Kaser El- Eini St. Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Authman
3
Department of Hydrobiology, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors affecting the distribution of some heavy metals in Lake Nasser water, Egypt
This study was carried out on Lake Nasser, Aswan province, Egypt, along of about 330 km, south of Aswan High Dam Reservoir (AHDR) extends to Argeen area near to Sudan border line. The objective of the study was to declarethe distribution pattern and the levels of heavy metals and their effect on the Lake Nasser water quality which is the main source of fresh water in Egypt. Water samples were collected from subsurface and bottom water in 10 stationsalong the distance of the Lake Nasser inside of Egypt border during winter and summer 2005, with beginning of the flood period. The results showed that the main factors affecting the physico-chemical properties in the lake aretemperature and flood water. The mean concentrations of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd and Pb in surface and bottom water increase in southern part than the northern area of the lake, as well as the increase occurs during summer than winter with low temperature and increase of dissolved oxygen. In addition, physicochemical parameters have influenced on the distribution of heavy metals. There is strong positive correlation coefficient between Co with DO, total organicnitrogen, and NH3 forming stable complexes which dissolve in water. Nickel solubles as NiCO3 at high pH values. Cd has a negative correlation coefficient with SiO3 -, TON, NH3, COD. These correlations reveal that Cd makes manycomplexes compounds which precipitate from water to sediment. Pb has a positive correlation coefficient with TSS, temperature and Nitrate; this exhibits increase of lead content with these parameters. However, from the resultsobtained, the concentrations of these metals are lying in the permissible limits as compared with World Health Organization (WHO) figures except Cd and Pb during summer in southernmost site of Lake Nasser at Argeen.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2045_722bb4168ffd74123dc3921d0def6637.pdf
2009-04-01
67
83
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2045
Lake Nasser
Physico-chemical properties
Heavy metals
permissible limits
Mostaf
Korium
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF) , Inland Water and Aquaculture Branch, Aswan Research Station, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Toufeek
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF) , Inland Water and Aquaculture Branch, Aswan Research Station, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Growth response and physiological activities of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed basal diets supplemented with ginger (Zingiber officinale) as natural growth promoters
n experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two forms of dehydrated natural antioxidants rhizomes extracts ginger (Zingiber officinale) on growth performance feed utilization and hematological parametersof Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Four treatments were applied, two forms of ginger (powder and oil extract), and their mixtures (1:1) of each form, in addition to control group were fed basal diets without supplements of herbs. Theexperiment was conducted using cement ponds divided into four equal compartments each was stocked with 40 fingerlings oF Nile tilapia with an average initial body weight of 17.1 ± 1.2 g, and body length 10.0 ± 0.7 cm. Theexperiment lasted for 12 weeks. Generally, growth performance, feed utilization ratios were improved for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), fed on diets with the two forms of the feed supplements compared to fish fed on the control dietAll growth parameters in all supplemented groups increased significantly (P<0.05) as compared to the control group, especially for the fish fed on the mixture, with the highest survival rate. Incorporation of ginger extract improvedthe antioxidant attributes and reduced quality degradation of test diets during storage at ambient conditions. In terms of liver and blood measurements, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanineaminotransferase (ALT) activities, these parameters decreased significantly (P<0.05) for fish fed on all treated groups with ginger. Plasma total protein, albumin and globulins of fish fed on the experimental diets significantlyincreased (P<0.05) for those fed on the ginger, while blood glucose,triglycerides and cholesterol values were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the same treated groups as compared to the control one. These results revealed thatthe feeding with a mixture of ginger (powder and oil extract), can promote growth rate, decrease mortality rate and improve the physiological activities in reared fish, and can be potentially used as good sources of antioxidants.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2046_12873e599bc66c2da021135b9723f211.pdf
2009-04-01
85
107
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2046
Growth
physiological activities
Oreochromis niloticus
Zingiber officinale
Raky
Attalla
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تقدير ترکيزات العناصر الثقيله في العضلات الصالحه للأکل لبعض الکائنات البحريه بالخليج العربي _المملکه العربيه السعوديه
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2047_d9e84366b04b2ff4f2cbe9ae0763cbc5.pdf
2009-04-01
1
23
10.21608/ejabf.2009.2047