ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Histamine Producing Bacteria in Fish
Production of histamine as one of the biogenic amines (BA) in fish and fish products represents a health risk to human food intoxication. The current survey was conducted to identify the most predominant histamine-producing bacteria and estimation of histamine levels in fish and fish products in Egypt. One hundred and fifty samples (Tilapia, Sardines, Smoked herring, Mackerel, Filet of Carp, Morgan, and Pilchards) were collected from Giza retail shops and investigated bacteriologically by conventional identification methods. Fish specimens were collected for estimation of histamine levels using ELISA. The results indicated that Enterobacteriaceae was the predominant histamine producing isolates. The bacterial isolates among the 15 histamines positive fish were cultivated on Niven’s agar to detect the histamine producing bacteria. The most frequently isolated species were Klebsiella (33.3%), staphylococci (24.7%), Salmonella (22.7%), E. coli (18.7%), Pseudomonas (18%), Proteus (16.7%) and Vibrio (6.7%) species. Using ELISA test, 15 out of 150 examined fish and fish product samples (10%) had histamine in their tissues. Fesikh had the highest histamine level. Conclusively, the application of early detection of biogenic amines mainly histamine producing bacteria could reduce the health risk of histamine intoxication associated fish and fish product microbial deterioration. Improvement of a selective medium to detect decarboxylating bacteria may be a valuable tool.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_117856_a350b7bd73f4f2b50c9a327f61e9e038.pdf
2020-12-01
1
11
10.21608/ejabf.2020.117856
biogenic amines
Enterobacteriaceae
fish
Histamine intoxication
Staphylococci
Vibrio
Marwa
AE Refai
1
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
El-Hariri
2
AUTHOR
Zakia
A. M. Ahmed
3
AUTHOR
Jakeen
El Jakee
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A survey on the quality of fresh water used in some aquaculture and agricultural Egyptian areas and its impact on soil
Water quality is an important factor that impacts all kinds of life on earth. The present work is a survey of water quality in different Egyptian agricultural areas. Water samples were collected from two sites in Al-Dakahlia governorate (Kafr Bahia “site1” and Meit Mohsen “site2”) and one site in Alexandria governorate (Al-Amereya “site3”). Samples were analyzed to determine some physiochemical properties as well as the concentration of some important anions, cations, and heavy metals. The analysis results revealed that the electric conductivity of water ranged from 0.438 in “site 2” to 0.626 dS/min “site3”. Also, the total dissolved solids values ranged from 275 to 394 mg/l in “site2” and “site3”, respectively. Data showed that the levels of almost all anions and cations in the water samples were in the ranges set by FAO for irrigation water, the exceptions were nitrates (NO3-) in site2, ammonia (NH4+) in sites 2 and 3, potassium (K+) in sites 1 and 3 and magnesium (Mg2+) in site 2. Since water quality and agriculture have many complex interactions, the following parameters were also calculated: Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelly's ratio (KR), percentage of sodium (Na %), and Magnesium Ratio. The SAR value of the water samples varied from 1.33 to 3.61. Kelly's ratio ranged from 0.405 to 1.00. The Mg ratio values in the study sites were <50%. In order to check the impact of water on the nearby soils, the concentrations of elements in the soils from the studied sites were determined and compared to the maximum allowable concentration of elements in soil and the results indicated good soil conditions. In conclusion, the results showed that the water used for irrigation in the studied sites has no levels of contamination and this is also reflected in the surrounding soil. It is recommended to perform monitoring studies regularly to avoid any sudden problems.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_117994_879e098d72d9f400758ed70d87bc424c.pdf
2020-12-01
13
21
10.21608/ejabf.2020.117994
fresh water
agriculture
anions
cations
Heavy metals
Soil Quality
Adel
S. El-Hassanin
1
AUTHOR
Magdy
R. Samak
2
AUTHOR
Ghadir
A. El-Chaghaby
3
AUTHOR
Soliman
R. Radwan
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Probiotic characterization and cholesterol assimilation ability of Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from the gut of the edible freshwater snail “Pila globosa”.
Excess cholesterol is one of the main causes of various metabolic diseases. Currently available therapeutic measures, lifestyle, and dietary interventions, as well as pharmaceutical agents, are inadequate for the regulation of cholesterol levels. Probiotic microorganisms have demonstrated the potential to lower cholesterol levels through various mechanisms, including the activity of bile salt hydrolase, production of enzyme-inhibiting compounds such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, and assimilation of cholesterol. In the present investigation a yeast culture designated as S-I, isolated from freshwater snail’s gut (Pila globosa), fulfilled probiotic attributes. The culture was found to be non-hemolytic and could tolerate a bile concentration up to 1.2%, pH 1.5–10; and temperature 42ºC respectively. Additionally, 73.57% and 36.24% of S-I culture survived when exposed to the gastric environment for 90 and 180 min respectively, while 53% survived after 240 min incubation under the intestinal environment. The S-I culture could auto-aggregate (93.01%), as well as co-aggregate (77.89%) with gastrointestinal pathogens, an important property required for the probiotics to control the pathogens. The culture also inhibited C. albicans NCIM3557, E. coli NCIM3099, E. faecalis NCIM3040, S. aureus NCIM2408and P. aeruginosa NCIM2036 in-vitro. Other probiotic properties such as hydrophobicity (81%), bile salt hydrolase activity (86.30%), and tolerance to 8% NaCl (27.38%), as well as antibiotics, were found to be in favor of the S-I culture. Most importantly, S-I culture was found to assimilate 20.29% of cholesterol. Molecular characterization of this culture performed by 18S rRNA sequencing revealed that the S-I culture was Pichia kudriavzevii species with 97% similarity.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119039_2d737adf98aaaa853792ceff3b0d8ef7.pdf
2020-12-01
23
39
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119039
Probiotic yeast
Pichia
Snail’s gut
Cholesterol assimilation
Suyash
Kathade
suyash.kathade9@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Mayur
Aswani
mayuraswani7@gmail.com
2
AUTHOR
Pashmin
kaur Anand
3
AUTHOR
Bipinraj
Nirichan
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Production of exopolysaccharides of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer to absorb lead in the sediment of aquaculture pool.
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer were cultivated in two culture media: potato dextrose agar (PDA) to determine the maximum growth mycelial speed (μmax) and lag phase (λ) using the Gompertz and Hills mathematical models, also used liquid medium potato dextrose broth (PDB) to obtain production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS). Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed the highest maximum growth rate (0.38 day-1) and the lowest lag phase duration (1.85 h) on PDA medium, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides cultivated on liquid medium presented the highest biomass production (76.15%) and exopolysaccharides production (80.00%). Exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from the liquid culture medium of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides presented the highest absorption content of lead (0.015 mg.g-1). The results obtained that exopolysaccharides of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides cultivated on PDB medium showed the highest absorption of lead (Pb) in the sediment of the aquaculture pool.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_117692_2cef72755e1e41cc1055a9d0892fa704.pdf
2020-12-01
41
49
10.21608/ejabf.2020.117692
Juan Diego
Valenzuela-Cobos
1
AUTHOR
Ana
Grijalva
2
AUTHOR
Raúl
Marcillo
3
AUTHOR
Fernanda
Garcés
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Properties and aerogel applications of a marine algal origin biocellulose produced by the immobilized Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 10245
Algae are known to produce biomass faster as compared with lignocellulosic biomass. BC was produced by using reducing sugar from algae as a cheaper carbon source. The effect of immobilization on the production of biocellulose(BC) by Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 10245 was studied. The BC production of all entrapped cultures within different gel materials was lower than that of free cell cultures but the entrapped G. xylinus cells in alginate beads recorded the highest BC productivity (12.5 g/l). The adsorption of G. xylinus cells on luffa pulp (LP) and ceramics particles (CP) gave the highest BC production (14.5 g/l), which represents increasing of 1.14 and 1.05- fold, respectively from the free cells. This attempt clarified that LP was the best immobilizing support as it gave the highest BC production. The effect of repeated reuse of LP was confirmed. Different physical properties of BC including; pH, water absorption capacity, dissolving in several solvents, and chemicals were determined. Observation of BC through SEM analysis showed the fine cellulose ribbons (fibrils). The crystallinity for the BC produced from X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra was 84%. Upon the applicable level, the BC aerogel was formed to be applied in rising up the water and oil absorption capability by developing its hydrophilic properties. Data introduced strong affinities to the motor, olive, and cooking oils with high oil uptake contents of 7.5, 5.2, and 3.7 gg−1, respectively. Moreover, the BC aerogel exhibited potential adsorption for different heavy metal ions Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+. The highest capability of Cd2+ removal was 95.7% at pH 6. The biodegrability of our produced BC and then its safety was proven.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_117931_b030af417d840e3a6ceebb087ac38964.pdf
2020-12-01
51
71
10.21608/ejabf.2020.117931
Biocellulose production
G. xylinus
Immobilization
Aerogel applications
Posidonia oceanic
Hassan
A.H. Ibrahim
1
AUTHOR
Maha
M. Bassiouny Beliah
2
AUTHOR
Aida
M. Farag
3
AUTHOR
Amani
M.D. ElAhwany
4
AUTHOR
Soraya
A. Sabry
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Diet composition of round sardinella (Sardinella aurita) and flat sardinella (Sardinella maderensis) in the south of Atlantic Moroccan coast
The feeding of round sardinella (Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847) and flat sardinella (Sardinella maderensis Lowe, 1938) was investigated in the south of the Moroccan Atlantic coast from February 2015 to January 2016. Several indices were estimated to figure out the diet composition of Sardinella spp. Thusly; the vacuity index was low for both species, which indicates a high availability of food in the study area. The crustaceans were the main prey headed by the copepods which were the most abundant prey item throughout the year whereas the detritus was mainly present in winter and spring. The variation of the index of relative importance (IRI) depending on the size of Sardinella spp. has shown that small individuals have a different dietary preference than large individuals. The results provide a baseline for resource managers to evaluate and predict differences in feeding ecology, which could be useful in the management of the fishery of these species.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119032_94cbd80e73aab3d961f3c43dcaaf421c.pdf
2020-12-01
73
91
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119032
Sardinella aurita
Sardinella maderensis
diet
Feeding ecology
Crustacean
Atlantic coast
Ayoub
Baali
ayoubbaali22@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Khalil
Chahdi Ouazzani
2
AUTHOR
Feirouz
Touhami
3
AUTHOR
Ahmed
El-Achi
4
AUTHOR
Khadija
Amenzoui
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bacteriophages: Ecological role in the marine environment and potential applications
Bacteriophages are the most plentiful organisms on the earth and they are a ubiquitous trait of prokaryotic existence. They exist in all environments as a part of a complex microbial ecosystem. A phage is a virus that can infect bacteria where the distribution and abundance are based on the host organisms. Bacteriophages can impact their host populations in different ways and also have impacts on the microbial ecology and geochemical cycles. The concept of phage therapy as a fundamental application of bacteriophages is deeply relying on the facts of their host specificity, abundance in the environment with limited ecological impact. This review focuses on the ecological role of bacteriophages in the marine environment and some applications.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119131_7eb6172cb28e23c84427ceed45b231a4.pdf
2020-12-01
93
117
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119131
Bacteriophages
Ecological role
applications
phage therapy
Sahar
W. M. Hassan
1
AUTHOR
Hanan
Abd-ElNaby
2
AUTHOR
Gehan
M. Abou-Elela
3
AUTHOR
Ahmed
E. Abouelwafa
4
AUTHOR
Nermeen
A. El-Sersy
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Janthinobacterium lividum an opportunistic psychrophilic bacteria associated with mortalities of the infected Red Sea Broomtail wrasse (Cheilinus lunulatus).
A bacterial infection was spread in the Broomtail wrasse (Cheilinus lunulatus) during winter 2019 in a marine aquarium without a heating system while salinity diluted with tap water. The infected fish became lethargic, pale gills, change to excessive black colouration. Internally, the kidney was swollen and had granulomatous lesions, that showed the presence of bacterial colonies and necrotic phagocytes, and accumulations of macrophages. The isolated strain was gram-negative rods with rounded ends bacteria, psychrophilic, and non-pigmented bacteria in BHI, colored yellow in TCBS. Partial 16S rRNA sequences demonstrated high sequence homology with Janthinobacterium sp. and to J. lividum. The strain showed high resistance to all the studied antibiotics and low sensitivity to chloramphenicol.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120227_3ece6c847cd6877962265d884877e7f4.pdf
2020-12-01
119
131
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120227
Arafah
Emam
1
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Hashem
dm4467201@yahoo.com
2
AUTHOR
Mohie
Haridy
mohieharidy@svu.edu.eg
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potential of Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Markers and SDS-PAGE to Estimate Genetic Diversity and Relationships among Three Gastropods Species from The Mediterranean Sea, Port Said, Egypt
Gastropods are one of the most diverse groups of animals, in form, habit, and habitat. Till now they are the largest group of molluscs. The present study was aimed to evaluate the genetic variability among three gastropods species; Neverita josephinia, Hexaplex trunculus and Murex altispira using molecular marker start codon targeted (SCoT) and Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). A total of ten SCoT primers produced 115 amplicons, their size ranged from 120 to 1500 bp and the percentage of polymorphism ranged from 20% to 78%. The results of the study revealed that Neverita josephina and Hexaplex trunculus have higher genetic similarity 76% while Hexaplex trunculus and Murex altispira exhibited lower genetic similarity 70%. The protein analysis by SDS-PAGE Produced 23 bands of molecular weight ranging from 8 to 149 KDa with polymorphism 9%. Considering all the gained data, it is evident that molecular detection of SCoT and SDS-PAGE are suitable tools in assessing genetic variation and relationships among gastropods species.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_118135_11c9b5db944591c7e7a1450bb4cfce2f.pdf
2020-12-01
133
143
10.21608/ejabf.2020.118135
DNA
SCoT
SDS-PAGE
protein
marine
gastropods
Ali
H. Abu Almaaty
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A comparative study on the efficiency of natural and synthetic coagulant for microalgal removal from the Nile water; effect of activated carbon addition
A looking for natural coagulants for algal removal is one of the researchers' interests due to synthetic coagulants concerning different health problems. So, in this study, a comparative investigation was performed to determine the effect of Alum, FeCl3 as synthetic coagulants, and Moringa seed extract as a natural coagulant. The synthetic coagulants were prepared and Moringa seed has been watered extracted; all coagulants performed by Jar test at different doses for algal removal, and the effect of adding the powder activated carbon (PAC) derived from cotton stalk was tested as a coagulant aid. The data revealed that all coagulants show good removal but the Moringa seed extract in addition to PAC exhibited the excellent result of removal reached 100%.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119495_88464875848b6bca24f30b1331ea97e9.pdf
2020-12-01
155
169
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119495
Algal removal
Natural coagulant
Synthetic coagulant
Activated carbon
coagulant aid
Reda
M. Moghazy
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Feeding Habits and Reproduction Period of Sepia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) Captured from East Mediterranean Sea
This study aimed to investigate some biological aspects of Common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) as feeding habits and the reproductive cycle in the East Mediterranean Sea. Stomach fullness index (FUI), relative importance index (IRI%), sex ratio, gonado-somatic index, and the reproductive cycle were investigated among 590 S. officinalis samples from September 2016 to August 2017 where 55.76% of gutted empty stomachs (FUI 0) and 11.53% were full stomachs (FUI 4). The study revealed that fishes, crustaceans, and cephalopods were the most preferred prey by males and females. The overall sex ratio record was dominated by males during the year but females were dominant in November and March. Male’s gonads activity starts to reproduce in winter and spring while female’s gonads activity starts to reproduce in autumn and winter. Data analyzed at the present work conclude that S. officinalis is multi-feeding mollusks that consume a wide range of prey taxa also, its reproductive cycle extends for at least 6 months.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119760_52db037f597f11c4ecd673bce93a67f2.pdf
2020-12-01
171
182
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119760
Sepia officinalis
Feeding habits
reproductive cycle
sex ratio
Mediterranean Sea
Salah
M. Aly
1
AUTHOR
Ashraf
Y. El-Dakar
2
AUTHOR
Attia
A. O. El-Aiatt
3
AUTHOR
Ahmed
M. AL-Beak
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Extracellular Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aquatic bacterial Isolate and its Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potentials
The use of microorganisms in the synthesis of nanoparticles emerges as an eco-friendly and exciting approach. Silver bionanoparticles (AgNPs) are known to own inhibitory and bactericidal effects. This study focuses on the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the culture filtrate of Enterococcus faecalis S7, isolated from Al-Bahr El-Pherony, Menoufyia Governorate, Egypt, and evaluation of its antibacterial and antioxidant potency. AgNO3 solution (1 mM) was added to the cell-free culture supernatant, and also the mixture was incubated at 37 °C for 24 h in an orbital shaker (120 rpm). The AgNPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), EDAX, FTIR, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Bio-manufactured silver nanoparticles were tested for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity using agar well diffusion and DPPH assays, respectively. The nanoparticles exhibited maximum absorbance at 430 nm in UV–Vis spectroscopy. The XRD spectrum exhibited 2Ɵvalues corresponding to the silver nanocrystals. TEM micrographs revealed the extracellular formation of spherical nanoparticles within the size range of 10–16 nm. The as-formed AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial species Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp.; Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with a maximum inhibition zone of 30 mm against S. aureus. Furthermore, bacterial mediated AgNPs showed antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. The data evaluated by this study provided evidence of AgNPs being a potent antioxidant and antibacterial compounds against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These results suggested that AgNPs can be used as an adjuvant for the treatment of infectious diseases.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119399_0909fd16cc774baef3eb1d561c7a8210.pdf
2020-12-01
183
201
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119399
Biosynthesis
AgNPs
Enterococcus faecalis
Antimicrobial
antioxidant
Abd Elraheem
R. El Shanshoury
1
AUTHOR
Shawky
Z. Sabae
2
AUTHOR
Wagih
A. El Shouny
3
AUTHOR
Atef
M. Abu Shady
4
AUTHOR
Hanaa
M. Badr
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Aquatic microalgae “Anabaena oryzae”: phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans oral bacteria
Natural antioxidant replacements have been a common subject in recent decades for the substitution of artificial antioxidants. Microalgae have been reported to exhibit interesting bioactive properties especially their antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity. The goal of the present work is to investigate the possibility of using the blue-green microalgae 'Anabeanae orayzae' for extract preparation and to determine the phenolic compounds that make up this extract and its possible antioxidant and antibacterial capacities by emphasizing the role of the extract in oral disease prevention. The results showed that Anabaena extract possesses a notable antioxidant capacity and also good phenolic compounds content. Algae and cyanobacteria have been demonstrated to produce secondary metabolites with diverse bioactivities. The DPPH scavenging activity of different concentrations of Anabaena extract. As for the DPPH scavenging activity of different concentrations of Anabaena extract, the results show that a concentration of Anabaena extract equal to 2.98 mg/ml was capable of inhibiting 50% of the free radicals (IC50). Anabaena extract can be thus considered as an excellent antioxidant since its IC50 is a small concentration value and it is agreed that a low IC50 value represents high antioxidant activity. Concerning the phenolic compounds detected in Anabaena extract, they were salicylic acid, gallic acid, tannic acid, caffeic acid, and benzoic acid. The highest concentrations determined in Anabaena extract were for salicylic and tannic acids. In regard to Anabaena extract antibacterial activity against S. mutans, the ability of Anabaena extract to inhibit S. mutans was tested and the results showed that the extract has an inhibitory effect against S. mutans with an inhibition zone diameter equal to 13 (mm). It can be concluded that Anabaena extract possesses the potential antibacterial substances that can be used against oral pathogens and for dental caries prevention.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_119554_151a8fef34db96b45b53318b5f6b9df5.pdf
2020-12-01
203
210
10.21608/ejabf.2020.119554
Sayed
Rashad
sayed_rashad79@hotmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Marwa
A. Elchaghaby
2
AUTHOR
Ghadir
A. El-Chaghaby
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Evaluation of Water Pellet Stability of two Iso-proteineous Floating and Sinking Diets
Nutrient leaching from fish feeds when subjected to water in aquaculture systems leads to fish missing out on essential nutrients, thus minimized fish growth. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the water pellet stability of two iso-proteins (32%) fish feeds. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with 3 replicates of each time-duration. Floating and sinking pellets were subjected to water stability tests at different time durations of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes. Thirty-six borosilicate beakers (250 ml) were used. The beakers were each filled with 150 ml of tap water. Two-gram pellets of each diet were immersed in water-filled beakers, after which were stirred one revolt every minute to mimic disturbance while feeding.
Results showed a significant interaction between diets and time duration F(5,24) = 7.298, p < .001. Significant differences were observed in the feed, F(1,24) = 574.877, p < .001 and Duration F(5, 24) = 58.077, p < .001. A strong positive correlation between feed and water pellet stability (R = 0.78), p < .001 was observed. The highest stabilities recorded were 90.05 ± 0.20% and 83.08 ± 0.20% for sinking and floating feeds, respectively. Improving on the efficiency of pelleting fish feeds together with different trials is paramount. Aqua feeds’ water stability is affected by duration, thus, a pre-requisite in fish farming.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120615_05b7586e92f38e3863f9f6d04a47f681.pdf
2020-12-01
211
318
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120615
Fish feed
Water Pellet Stability
Floating diets
Sinking diets
Aquaculture
Thaddeus
Zaabwe
zthaddeus@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
Wales
Singini
walessingini@gmail.com
2
AUTHOR
Jeremiah
Kang’ombe
3
AUTHOR
Fanuel
Kapute
fkapute@gmail.com
4
AUTHOR
David
Mbamba
dgmbamba32@gmail.com
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Production from Pocillopora verrucosa collected from Al-Hamraween, Red Sea, Egypt
The trouble of antimicrobial drug resistance has presupposed a search for new antimicrobial substances from other exporters including natural sources. Marine micro-organisms are known to produce metabolites to safeguard themselves against pathogens and therefore can be deemed as a potential source of antimicrobial substances. This research intended to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of six hard coral species namely Acropora hemprichii, Acropora austera Seriatopora hystrix, Seriatopora pistillata, Pocillopora verrucosa and Millepora dichotoma against some pathogenic microbes, and the bioactive compounds were extracted using ethyl acetate. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was estimated using the disc diffusion method. The organic extract from Pocillopora verrucosa was the most effective against all selected microorganisms except Bacillus subtillus ATCC6633 and Aspergillus flavus while the highest effect was showed against Fusarium solani (22mm). Moreover, a partial description of these agents was carried out using the gas-liquid chromatography (GC-Mass). The main ingredient of Pocillopora verrucosa crude extract organic acids, aldehydes, esters, carotene, and their derivatives. That is the first research about the extraction of natural bioactive compounds from Pocillopora verrucosa which located in Al-Hamraween, Red Sea, Egypt.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120289_f252480821ce23fc74b8531421917e80.pdf
2020-12-01
219
231
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120289
Antibacterial
Antifungal
bioactive compounds
GC-MS analysis
Hard corals
Red Sea
Moaz
M. Hamed
1
AUTHOR
Hussein
N. M. Hussein
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Long-term evaluation of eutrophication problem using multi-sensor satellite data along El-Max Bay, Alexandria coast and Abu-Qir Bay, Egypt
The Alexandria coastal water and Abu Qir Bay are subjected to Spatio-temporal variations in their primary productivity and physical-chemical properties both on a short and long-term basis because of continuous and ever-increasing discharge of organic and inorganic from urban supplies and sewage collection systems.
Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration, expressing phytoplankton biomass, is considered a good indicator of the water's trophic state. In the present study, the average daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual means of reading of Chl-a were obtained between 2000 and 2019 from multi-satellite sensors to characterize the Spatio-temporal variation of phytoplankton in the Egyptian coastal area.
Our results showed that phytoplankton anomalies varied spatially and temporally. The study recorded a remarkable increase of Chl-a during the period from May to September (spring and summer) each year, summer readings were higher than spring. Annual Chl-a data showed an upward tow trend, the first was from the year 2000 to 2010, the second and the highest trend was from 2011 to 2019, occurs after the revolution of January 25, 2011. Overall, the study period of Chl-a reaches its maximum values (35 mg/m3) during 2015 at Abu Qir Bay and 40 mg/m3 at El-Max Bay during 2019. The Chl-a concentration was high and more pronounced near the outlets of the Egyptian coastal lakes and urban outfalls, especially at El-Max Bay and Abu Qir Bay compared to the Alexandria shore area. There was a very low positive correlation between the Chl-a and sea surface temperature (SST), on the other hand, the correlation between Chl-a and the diffuse attenuation coefficient KD_(490) seems to be strongly positive and it was strongest with Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), as well as the correlation between Chl-a and nitrate and phosphate was strongly positive.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120320_77ef2102f7a58c7948c61ce4ab630831.pdf
2020-12-01
233
258
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120320
Remote Sensing
Ocean Color Sensor
Eutrophication
Algal bloom
phytoplankton
Chlorophyll-a
Ali
A. H. Abdelsalam
1
AUTHOR
Samy
A. Saber
2
AUTHOR
Sameh
B. El-Kafrawy
3
AUTHOR
Hamdy
A. H. Abo-Taleb
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
DNA barcoding identification of Perciform fishes of the Arabian Gulf commercially harvested in Qatar
Species identification through DNA Barcoding method has frequently been used in taxonomic studies and has proved its effectiveness. The present study was conducted to identify five commercially harvested fish species from the Arabian Gulf in Qatar. Approximately, 650 bp fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene; five specimens of each species, was sequenced and amplified using universal LCO1490/HCO2198 primer set. A remarkable high level of similarities, ranging from 99 to 100% , with the sequence of known specimens of the five species available in the NCBI database and the BOLD system, was observed. The identifications have been supported by the phylogeny tree where the samples of the same species formed an individual clade. Therefore, the DNA barcoding technique could be used as an effective tool in the identification of adult, larvae or even eggs of Lethrinus lentjan, Lethrinus nebulosus, Epenephelus coioides, Argyrops spinifer, and Acanthopagrus bifasciatus. The present study detected a low intraspecific divergence (average 0.46%, range 0.2 – 1.4%) with a relatively high genetic diversity in L. nebulosus. Consequently, the DNA barcoding sequences submitted to the database would help to identify larvae and processed products of the five Perciform fishes from Qatar waters and throughout the Gulf region.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_146443_1627513a98f771d3531a777cd2d02d1a.pdf
2020-12-01
259
269
10.21608/ejabf.2020.146443
Md Samsul
Alam
samsul.alam@bau.edu.bd
1
AUTHOR
Aisha
Dasmal Alkuwari
2
AUTHOR
Noura
Alhashimi
nmhashimi@mme.gov.qa
3
AUTHOR
Ameena
Almalki
aamalki@mme.gov.qa
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the toxicity of a systemic fungicide (FOLIETTE) in a freshwater macrophyte (Iris pseudacorus L.).
Aquatic contaminations pose many problems for organisms and the functioning of ecosystems, mainly caused by agricultural activity including fungicides. It is in this context that we conducted an ecotoxicological study to evaluate the toxicity of a (FOLIETTE) fungicide, commonly used in Algeria, in a freshwater macrophyte (Iris pseudacorus L.) from natural marshes in the ‘’Bourdim region, El-Tarf located in the extreme northeast of Algeria’’ by measuring certain physiological and biochemical parameters. The results obtained show that the addition of this fungicide, at different concentrations for 7 days of treatment, decreases the content of chlorophyll pigment and increases the accumulation of total proteins in different parts of the plant (roots and leaves). Similarly, a significant increase in some stress biomarkers such as total polyphenols, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). At the same time, the measurement of enzyme activity involved in the detoxification system shows a significant induction of guaiacol-peroxidase (GPX) activity, which plays an important role in mitigating oxidative damage, thus proving the tolerance of our plant model to this xenobiotic and consequently its possible use as a candidate for phytorepuration.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120331_3cae0649a4773912bc88ac3e8c64ac53.pdf
2020-12-01
271
286
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120331
Cheraitia
Souad
1
AUTHOR
Sbartai
H.
2
AUTHOR
Sbartai
I.
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Integrated Field Survey and Remote Sensing Approach for Marine Habitat Mapping Along Hurghada Coast, Red Sea, Egypt
The present study was carried out to integrate remote sensing techniques with field data to assess and detect the surface and subsurface conditions and their effects on the marine habitats as well as building an institutional capability for accurate classification, monitoring, and assessment of coastal area activities. A field trip was done during December 2018 to collect data about marine habitats along the Hurghada coast, Red Sea. The spectral signatures for the different marine habitats were carried out by using an instrument of SVC Spectroradiometer Field selecting spots. The satellite images analyses and collection of field observations and samples were done to measuring the integration between them.
According to the present results, Hurghada shoreline is stable with no areas of natural erosion/accretions detected along the coast, but the processes of landfilling and dredging, in order to widen and extend the beaches to accommodate touristic expansion, were observed. Also, the anthropogenic activities had a significant negative influence on the water quality and the ecological conditions of the nearshore areas of Hurghada city. The coastal area of the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Hurghada branch, is one of the most diverse marine habitats along the Red Sea. The main habitat in this area is the coral reef being interrupted by patches of sand and seagrass meadows. Astoundingly, the results of the spectral signature profiles investigation in the study area corresponded greatly to the field survey and habitat mapping by Geographical Information System (GIS) technique. Results of both the measurements of spectral reflectance and the field trip along the study site revealed the presence of four bottom types, four seagrasses species, four seaweeds, and sixteen species of coral reef.
The present study recommends carrying out further studies to establish a spectral library for the bottom benthos and different marine habitats along the Red Sea. Also, the criteria and standards governing the capture, storage, and usage of spectral reflectance libraries should be settled to assess the coral reef environment from airborne or satellite imagery.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120346_e344de8288204b966c96beea36c8e5dd.pdf
2020-12-01
287
306
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120346
Benthic Cover
Coral reef
Seagrass
Spectral signature
GIS
Satellite image
Ahmed
H. Abo Elenin
1
AUTHOR
Samy
A. Saber
2
AUTHOR
Sameh
B. El-Kafrawy
3
AUTHOR
Hussein
A. El-Naggar
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Quality attributes of artificial dried and dried salted Sand smelt fish (Atherina boyeri)
Some quality indices of dried and dried salted Sand smelt fish (Atherina boyeri)were investigated. Fish samples were purchased from El-Anfoshy landing; Alexandria during November 2019. The average length and weight were 6.75±0.60cm and 2.06±0.49g, respectively. Cleaned fish samples were divided into three portions; raw, dried (without salting) and dried salted (brined in 13% (w/v), for 5, 10 and 15 min) and then artificially dried at 50°C for 6 hrs. Results showed that dried fish sample contained 12.08% moisture, 3.74% NaCl, 0.61 aw and 0.28% acid insoluble ash. The corresponding values of dried salted samples were ranged of 10.68-10.85%, 7.37-11.00%, 0.57-0.59 and 45-51%, respectively based on salting time. Besides, total viable count and halophilic were 4.18 and 5.61 log10 cfu/g of the dried sample while they ranged 5.04-5.26 and 5.44-6.40log10 cfu/g of dried salted samples, respectively. However, dried salted fish have got high scores of odour, texture, taste compared with dried fish whereas; there are not significant differences (P<0.05) in appearance and colour tests. In conclusion, artificial drying and salting processes affected markedly in values of quality indices compared with a raw fish sample. However, quality attributes of dried and dried salted Sand smelt were lower than the recommended limits as set by the International Standard Specifications.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120338_4088ed75c4df5d661a5c204040c57b4f.pdf
2020-12-01
307
317
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120338
fish
Dried salted fish
Atherina boyeri
Quality indices
Abdelrahman
S. Abou-Zied
1
AUTHOR
Abdelrahman
S. Talab
2
AUTHOR
Mohamed
A. Ibrahim
3
AUTHOR
Sayed
M. Ibrahim
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Novel extracts from Callyspongia siphonella and Negombata magnifica sponges from the Red Sea, induced antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity in HepG-2, MCF-7, and Caco-2 cancer cell lines
Marine organisms derived extracts have been shown to exert multiple anti-cancer activities. Two marine sponge species; finger-sponge “Negombata magnifica (Nm)” and tube-sponge “Callyspongia siphonella (Cs)” were collected during summer 2020 from the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea, Egypt). Each sponge macerated with methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (C4H8O2), acetone (C3H6O), and chloroform (CHCl₃) separately into four different crude extracts for each sponge species and eight extracts as a total for both marine species, where each extract was in vitro assessed for its antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity in HepG-2, MCF7, and Caco-2 cancer cell lines. Cs-CH2Cl2, Cs-C4H8O2, Cs-C3H6O, Cs-CHCl3, Nm-CH2Cl2, Nm-C4H8O2, Nm-C3H6O, and Nm-CHCl3, each in a dose-dependent manner inhibited the growth of HepG2 cancer cells within IC50 values 17.53, 11.18, 9.97, 19.21, 9.14, 10.94, 8.78, and 7.23 μg/ml, respectively, MCF-7 cancer cells within IC50 values of 19.48, 15.34, 11.76, 13.62, 7.65, 6.18, 11.82, and 8.26 μg/ml, respectively, and Caco-2 cancer cells within IC50 values of 10.17, 14.87, 18.35, 17.12, 12.67, 9.27, 8.37, and 10.68 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, all extracts were found to induce apoptosis in HepG2, MCF-7, and Caco-2 cancer cells via an increase of proapoptotic protein Bax and caspase-3 and decrease of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Current data introducing multiple extracts from two marine sponges as promising sources for cancer therapeutic agent(s) to be further developed for cancer control outcome.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_121064_db341f0a333546cb4118d50129c64dcd.pdf
2020-12-01
319
347
10.21608/ejabf.2020.121064
Sponges
Callyspongia siphonella
Negombata magnifica
Red Sea
Anticancer
Antiproliferation
apoptosis
Islam
Rady
islamrady@azhar.edu.eg
1
AUTHOR
Mansour
A.E. Bashar
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The impact of co-infection of sea lice and its concurrent some bacterial diseases with field treatment trials in some marine cultured fishes
Co-infection is frequently found between sea lice and other pathogens, with high prevalence in the field and is highly detrimental to fish health. In this study, a total of 100 sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were collected from a private marine farm that suffered from severe co-infection. All fish were examined for bacteriological and parasitological infections with trials for treatment. The detected pathogens among the examined D. labrax were V. alginolyticus (80%) and sea lice, Caligus minimus (100%). The clinical pictures showing dark skin coloration, excess mucus secretion, and detached scales with sever hemorrhage at fins and the operculum. The internal organs showed congestion and hemorrhages with small grossly ascetic fluid in the abdominal cavity. Water samples were analyzed for confirmation of normal condition and all physicochemical parameters were within the normal ranges in the marine fish farm. The antibiotic susceptibility against 11 antibiotics was tested and V. alginolyticus sensitive to ciprofloxacin and Trimethoprim /Sulfamethoxazole. The naturally infected fish could be treated successfully by Malathion in a single dose (0.1 mg/L for 30 minutes) as a short duration bath and then fed a ration containing Ciprofloxacin (150 mg / Kg body wt.) for ten days. The mortality rate declined, the clinical signs disappeared and the fish returned to a normal state of health. Co-infections have a fundamental effect and can alter the course and the severity of different fish diseases. Co-infection (bacterial and parasitic diseases) need further studies by conducting more experiments in the fish farm and using modern and fast diagnostic methods to control these diseases.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120412_ef2e00c0076d670af26be3677dac2653.pdf
2020-12-01
363
381
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120412
Caligus minimus
Sea bass
Dicentrarchus labrax
malathion
V. alginolyticus
Soad
S. A. Salama
1
AUTHOR
Nesreen
S.I. Yousef
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of using taro leaves as a partial substitute of soybean meal in diets on growth performance and feed efficiency of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using taro leaves meal (TLM) as a partial substitute of soybean meal (SBM) in fish diets on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (6.00g). Five experimental diets were formulated to contain isonitrogenous (29% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.27 kcal/g diet) as follows: control and different levels of taro leaves replaced 10, 15, 20, or 25% soybean meal. Each diet was fed in triplicate groups two times a day for 8 weeks to apparent satiation. Results demonstrated that growth performance parameters (final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and survival rate) were increased significantly with increasing taro leaves meal (TLM) in fish diets. Maximum growth was obtained when fish fed on a diet containing 20% of TLM. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in the survival rate among treatments. Values of feed efficiency parameters were increased significantly with increasing TLM in fish diets and the highest values were recorded with fish fed on a diet contained 20% of TLM. Results indicated that fish proximate chemical analysis affected significantly by partial replacement of TLM for SBM in fish diet. Moreover, results showed that the incorporation of TLM (10% to25%) in the fish diet reduced the price of one kg diet as compared to the control group. These results suggest that taro leaves meal could substitute up to 20% of soybean meal in the Nile tilapia diet without any adverse effects on growth performance or feed efficiency and with an economic return and reduced the feed cost.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_121815_058ff63d13b58ddebfe86459b9237c5f.pdf
2020-12-01
383
395
10.21608/ejabf.2020.121815
Taro leaves
Nile tilapia
Growth performance
feed utilization
Economic Evaluation
Nader
El-Tawil
1
AUTHOR
Shereen
ali
2
AUTHOR
Amani
El-Mesallamy
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Acute and chronic effects of Bisphenol A on hormonal disruption and histological alterations in the freshwater clam, Caelatura nilotica (Cailliaud, 1827)
Endocrine disruptors have been widely reported in vertebrates, but their impacts on the ultrastructure of the freshwater invertebrates were not reported. So, this study was designed to investigate the hazardous effects of 0.25 and 2 mg/l concentrations of Bisphenol A (BPA) on the freshwater clam, Caelatura nilotica for 1 and 4 weeks. Biometrics, sex hormones, histology, and ultrastructure of gills and gonads as fundamental tools were investigated. Some biometric parameters increased with exposure and time (Chohen`s d test). condition index, testosterone, and 17β-estradiol decreased significantly with concentration and time (1 and 4 weeks, P ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Histological examination showed pathological signs which were more severe at 4 weeks than 1 week manifested as necrosis, inflammation, fibrous tissue, and hyperplasia formation, fat droplets accumulations in gills, gonads, and intestine. Scanning electron microscope examination showed erosion of cilia, irregularity, and foci of the gills. In addition, transmission electron microscope examination showed a decrease in protoplasmic enzymes, blebbing (apoptosis) of flagella and degeneration of mitochondria of sperms. In addition, increased yolk granules, fat droplets, gelatinous protection layer and decreased number of microvilli of the oocytes were noticed. So, BPA induced not only hormonal disruption in sex hormones and organs but also caused biometric and gill alterations in the clams which may interfere with bivalves` biology and aquatic environmental conservation. This study also spotted the ultrastructural effects of BPA for the first time in the freshwater clams.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_120508_1ac859cd6879b75f95545ece3199e88c.pdf
2020-12-01
397
426
10.21608/ejabf.2020.120508
Biometrics
estradiol
testosterone
Ultrastructure
gills
Gonads
Sherin
K. Sheir
1
AUTHOR
Azza
H. Mohamad
2
AUTHOR
Gamalat
Y. Osman
3
AUTHOR
Abd Elhafez
R. Abd Elhafez
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An evaluation for the exploitation level of Egyptian Marine Fisheries
Egyptian marine fisheries contribute to the economy of the country where it provides an important source for food and employment. There are many challenges that affected the sustainability of marine fish stocks from which overfishing due to the increasing fishing effort. In the present study, annual catch and effort data were analyzed to estimate the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and the corresponding level of fishing effort (fmax) for both the Mediterranean & Red seas, Egypt. According to the Schaefer model (1954), the value of MSY was estimated at 73.0*103 tons for Mediterranean sea fisheries, and at 63.1*103 tons for Red sea fisheries. These values of MSY were obtained at fishing effort (fmax) of 3.5*103 & 1.6*103 standard boats in Mediterranean & Red seas respectively. The results indicated that the optimum exploitation in Egyptian marine fisheries required an urgent reduction in fishing effort. These results confirmed the overexploitation situation of the marine fish stocks in Egypt.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_121292_1d39e44d5ead2959daf2ad6b293ab54f.pdf
2020-12-01
441
452
10.21608/ejabf.2020.121292
fish stock assessment
Surplus Production Models
Overfishing
Egyptian marine fisheries
maximum sustainable yield
Shimaa
I. Maiyza
1
AUTHOR
Sahar
F. Mehanna
2
AUTHOR
Ibrahim
A. El-karyoney
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of food and feeding habits of Gerres longirostris in the Red Sea coast of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
To expose the food and feeding habits of Strongspine silver-biddy Gerres longirostris, gut contents from specimens caught along the Red Sea coast of Jeddah were collected from August 2019 to July 2020 (ranging in size from 15.3 cm to 29.1 cm total length). Of the Stomach analyzed, 147 were empty (VI%=36.5) and food items were found in 259 of them. Results showed that Gerres longirostris mainly feeds on small mollusks and crustaceans and it is an omnivore and moderate to a poor bottom feeder. The study revealed a strong correlation between feeding intensity (fullness and vacuity index), relative condition factor and gonado-somatic index. Feeding intensity was the highest between August and February and the lowest from March to July. The maximum value of the Fullness index (FI%) was in Autumn (1.72) and lowest in Summer (0.58). The highest value of the Vacuity index (VI%) was in spring (61.96) and lowest in autumn (23). The highest GSI value was observed in Summer (4.04) with the lowest FI (0.58%) and opposite results in Autumn (FI, 1.72 and GSI, 0.81). Values of relative condition factor (Kn) showed an increasing trend with the value of GSI from lowest in Autumn to highest in Summer. The dominant food item in the diet of G. longirostris was bivalves by weight (63.67%), number (49.97%), occurrence (37.2%), index of preponderance (69.4%) and index of relative importance (75.4%). The results of this study would thus help in the development of a strategy for conservation and management of the natural stocks of G. longirostris in the Red sea, Saudi Arabia.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_121979_2cc26765cec59ed5f0e18b767c01a52b.pdf
2020-12-01
471
484
10.21608/ejabf.2020.121979
Gerres longirostris
Food and feeding
Index of relative importance
Red Sea
Jeddah fisheries
Md. Afsar
Sumon
1
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Gabr
mgabr@kau.edu.sa
2
AUTHOR
Mamdoh
Al-Harbi
maalhrbi1@kau.edu.sa
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The natural forage base of ponds and its influence on the development of ectoparasitic invasions in the fish farms of the Lviv region, Ukraine
The investigated reservoirs of fish farms, 76 taxonomic units of zooplankton, represented by colloquials (Rotatoria) and crustaceans (Crustacea), have been identified. As part of the dominant complex, representatives of the genera Asplanchna, Brachionus (Rotatoria), Ceriodaphnia, Daphnia (Cladocera), Acanthocyclops, Eudiaptomus (Copepoda) prevailed. When May to September, indicators of zooplankton development were 118.73–348.37 thousand ind./m3 - by the number of organisms and 6.08–9.95 g/m3 — by biomass. The basis of phytoplankton has consisted of green, diatoms, eugenic and blue-green algae with a predominance of the genera Scenedesmus, Euglena, Navicula, Pediastrum, Peridinium, Oscillatoria, Microcystis. The average seasonal values of phytoplankton fluctuated within the limits of 39.15–169.87 million cells/dm3 – by the number and 4.69–13.86 mg/dm3 — for biomass. Zoobenthos of the studied reservoirs were represented by larvae of Chironomidae and Oligochaeta. The average seasonal numbers of zoobenthos in the ponds of the farms were in the range of 246.05–367.18 ind./m2, biomass 1.74–1.92 g/m2.
According to the results of the epizootic monitoring in the fish farms of the Lviv region, the invasiveness of the carp by ectoparasites Lernaea cyprinacea and Dactylogyrus vastator is established. The disease was recorded as mono- and associative invasions. The extensiveness of the invasion (of yearlings carp lernaea in the growing ponds was 10–35% (intensity of invasion — 1.67–3.43 sp.), dactylogyruses — 10–50% (II — 4.2–11.6 sp.). Mixed invasion L. cyprinacea and D.vastator are found in 20-35% of yearlings carp (II lernaea — 1.75–2.83 sp., dactylogyruses — 6.75–11.33 sp.). The highest invasibility of yearlings carp with ectoparasites in the ponds was established during July–August.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_121971_dbac22409e07666a8d3e0951c73df491.pdf
2020-12-01
485
499
10.21608/ejabf.2020.121971
Lernaea cyprinacea
Dactylogyrus vastator
Cladocera
copepoda
Lviv region
Zoobenthos
Loboiko
Yurii
y.bachuk.lv@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Barylo
Yevheniia
2
AUTHOR
Barylo
Bohdan
bogdanbarulo@ukr.net
3
AUTHOR
Dumych
Oksana
oks_dum@ukr.net
4
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Keznine
mohamed.keznine@etu.uae.ac.ma
5
AUTHOR
Hassan
Benaissa
6
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The impact of bacterial depuration on the freshwater bivalve, Spathopsis rubens arcuata
Bacterial accumulation causes pathological alterations in shellfish tissues. Bivalve cleaning from bacteria is crucial for safe consumption. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of bacterial depuration on the gill’s histology and gill’s apoptosis of freshwater bivalves, Spathopsis rubens arcuata. Depuration was applied for one, three, five, and seven days. Microbiological analyses of shellfishes and bacteria specieswere performed. Furthermore, histological investigations and apoptotic marker caspase-3 were examined in the gills of S. rubens arcuata. The results showed that three different bacterial strains; Aeromona, Streptococcus and Bacillus sp. were found in bivalve tissues. Aeromonas and Streptococcus were found three days post-depuration, however, on the fifth and seventh days post depuration, they were undetectable. The percentages of the apoptotic cells in gills decreased in a time-dependent manner during depuration. Gills and gill lamellae exhibited morphological deformations before depuration including degeneration of epithelial cells and connective tissues, haemocytes infiltration and necrosis. Nevertheless, seven days post-depuration, the gill lamellae restored their normal appearance as indicated by parallel gill filaments separated with interlamellar spaces. Collectively, depuration for seven days is crucial to clear bacterial contamination and restore the damaged gill cells into normal status.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_122932_f83f0dc2816cbd7da773d2d120132c3f.pdf
2020-12-01
519
529
10.21608/ejabf.2020.122932
Bacteria
Depuration
gills
apoptosis
Spathopsis rubens arcuata
Gihan
M. El-Khodary
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of probiotics on the growth performance and survival rate of the grooved carpet shell clam seeds, Ruditapes decussatus, (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Suez Canal
The carpet shell clam, Ruditapes decussatus is one of the most popular and commercially important bivalves in Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of probiotic to fresh algae, yeast, and bacteria on growth performance and survival rates of the studied species. The experiment was performed in the Mariculture laboratory, at the Department of Marine Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, for 126 days from February 17th to June 21th 2018. The experiments were implanted in seven square fiberglass tanks with upwelling closed recirculating systems. Six diets were used in this experiment in addition to the control. The growth performances were determined by measurement of all biometric parameters including shell length, height, width, total weight, soft body weight and dry weight. The highest specific growth rate and growth gain of shell length, height, width and total weight were recorded in diet F (mixed algae + probiotic) while the highest SGR and GG of soft weight and dry weight were recorded in diet D (bacteria + probiotic).
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_122311_76c04215b2ff8bca49a9fd08326dfb92.pdf
2020-12-01
531
551
10.21608/ejabf.2020.122311
Ruditapes decussatus
probiotic
Bacteria
yeast
Growth performance
Mahmoud
Sami
1
AUTHOR
Nesreen
K. Ibrahim
2
AUTHOR
Deyaaedin
A. Mohammad
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of the size of commercial bivalves on bioaccumulation and depuration of heavy metals
The edible clams from Lake Timsah are exposed to different industrial wastes which may reflect the reason for the high concentration of heavy metals in studied species. The current study aims to evaluate the effect of size classes on the elimination of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Pb, Co, Ni, and Zn) in some commercial bivalves Ruditapes decussatus, Venerupis pullastra and Paphia undulata. Negative correlations were found between the sizes of studied species for all heavy metals (except Cu which showed a positive correlation with size in V. pullastra). The concentrations of all heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Pb, Co, and Zn) in the studied species were higher than those in water and sediment. The highest depuration rate for all studied species was recorded in small clam classes.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_122312_575944168a690a10d50388341239d13b.pdf
2020-12-01
553
573
10.21608/ejabf.2020.122312
Heavy metals
bioaccumulation
Depuration
clam size
Bivalve
Mahmoud
Sami
1
AUTHOR
Nesreen
K. Ibrahim
2
AUTHOR
Deyaaedin
A. Mohammad
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Analysis of Four Marine Fish Species of Family Mugilidae Using Molecular Markers
Genetic differentiation and protein analysis of four fish species of family Mugilidae (Mugil cephalus, Mugil capito, Mugil auratus, and Liza seheli), collected from the Mediterranean Sea in Port Said in Egypt, were studied using start codon targeted technique (SCoT) and Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In SCoT technique, eleven SCoT primers (SCoT-1, SCoT-2, SCoT-3, SCoT-4, SCoT-5, SCoT-6, SCoT-21, SCoT-22, SCoT-28, SCoT-35 and SCoT-41) were used and different lengths of amplicons were generated ranging from 170bp with primers SCoT-3 and SCoT-6 to 1600bp with primer SCoT-2. The polymorphism percent ranged from 14% with SCoT-4 primer to 78% with SCoT-28 primer. The genetic similarity was the highest (80%) between Mugil capito and Liza seheli and between Mugil auratus and Liza seheli, and it was the lowest (74%) between Mugil cephalus and Mugil capito and between Mugil cephalus and Mugil auratus. SDS-PAGE analysis generated a total of twenty-four bands with a molecular weight ranging from 19 to 200 KD. Twenty-two monomorphic bands were produced and only two polymorphic bands were generated. Twenty-three bands were obtained from each species.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_122906_43cd0f3c4858234267754439241296b4.pdf
2020-12-01
607
617
10.21608/ejabf.2020.122906
Mugilidae
DNA
SCoT-Primers
SDS-PAGE
Polymorphism
Ali
H. Abu Almaaty
1
AUTHOR
Hala
E. Abd-Alaty
2
AUTHOR
Osama
A. Abbas
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular Discrimination Among Three Fish Species of Family Sparidae Using ISSR and SDS-PAGE Techniques
Genetic variability and protein analysis of three fishes of family Sparidae were studied using Inter-simple sequence repeated (ISSR) markers and Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Species of Sparus aurata, Diplodus sargus and Diplodus cervinus were collected from the Mediterranean Sea in Port Said in Egypt for the present study. In ISSR analysis, twelve ISSR primers (ISSR1, ISSR2, ISSR5, ISSR6, ISSR7, ISSR8, ISSR9, ISSR10, ISSR13, ISSR14, ISSR15 and ISSR20) were used and DNA segments with different lengths were amplified ranging from 180bp with primer ISSR6 to 1000bp with primers ISSR9 and ISSR13. Polymorphism percent was the highest with ISSR-5 (83%) and the lowest with ISSR-20 (20%). Genetic similarity was the highest between Sparus aurata and Diplodus cervinus (73%) and the lowest was between Sparus aurata and Diplodus sargus (67%). SDS-PAGE analysis produced bands ranging from 19 to 200KD and a total of twenty four bands. Twenty three monomorphic bands and one polymorphic band were obtained.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_122907_66166e8c1ceaf4649d2e9d162b332a60.pdf
2020-12-01
619
628
10.21608/ejabf.2020.122907
fish
ISSR
bands
SDS-PAGE
Sparidae
Ali
H. Abu Almaaty
1
AUTHOR
Hala
E. Abd-Alaty
2
AUTHOR
Osama
A. Abbas
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The parasitic fauna of Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827) (Teleostei: Sparidae) of Béni Saf 's Bight in the West Coast of Algeria.
The present study investigates the parasitic biodiversity of the Axillary seabream Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827), which were caught in western Algeria (western Mediterranean). The examination of 104 fishes landed in the port of Béni Saf, resulted in the identification of 440 individuals of parasites. Our study identified 5 species of Nematodes parasitizing the digestive system: Anisakis physeteris, Hystetothylacium fabri, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Hysterothylacium sp., Cucullanus sp., which belong to two large families: Anisakidaes and Cucullanidaes. The Hysterothylacium fabri species were well represented in our samples (63,46%). We have also identified Tetraphyllidea larvae of the Scolex pleuronectis with a prevalence of 23.07%. In addition to the presence of the Anisakis physeteris for the first time on the Algerian coast.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_122968_61bc16a52162d883afb1bf5b6138282b.pdf
2020-12-01
593
605
10.21608/ejabf.2020.122968
Parasites
Pagellus acarne
Sparidae
Western Algeria
Mediterranean
Mejda
Boukhari Benamara
1
AUTHOR
Maya
Meriem Hassani
2
AUTHOR
Affef
Baaloudj
3
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Kerfouf
kerfouf_31@yahoo.fr
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Performance of two free biomass biological wastewater treatment processes (Aerated Lagoon and Activated Sludge) in Ouargla area, Algeria with referring to re-use the treated water in aquaculture
The present study was done to compare between two free biomass biological wastewater treatment processes (WWTP): (i) aerated lagoon AL which is an extensive process and (ii) activated sludge AS which is an intensive process. For the removal rates and exit concentrations of physical pollution (Total Suspended Solids TSS), biological pollution (Biochemical Oxygen Demand after 5 days BOD5 and Chemical Oxygen Demand COD), nitrogen pollution (Nitrite and Nitrate) and phosphorus pollution (Orthophosphates) of both processes were collected and analyzed. The results showed that there is a satisfactory removal rate of TSS, BOD5 and COD in accordance with Algerian and world health organization (WHO) effluent discharge standards for the case of AS process. While for AL process, removal rates of the three cited parameters were low and concentrations were higher than that of WHO discharge standards. In accordance with the nutriments (nitrogen and phosphorus), the removal rates are very low in the AL WWTP and very high in the AS WWTP. Generally, the residual concentrations remain very high in the treated effluent of both plants and could constitute a great risk of eutrophication and cause the formation of algal blooms in AL WWTP. According to these results, the AS is the most efficient process in Ouargla region.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_123156_ff5cf2934f9212e2e94c72f5f9a347a6.pdf
2020-12-01
575
592
10.21608/ejabf.2020.123156
Wastewater
biological treatment
aerated lagoon
Activated sludge
Aquaculture
Ouargla
Algeria
Oum
E. Bachi
1
AUTHOR
Mohamed
T. Halilat
2
AUTHOR
Samia
Bissati
3
AUTHOR
Sahar
F. Mehanna
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Food Intake, Conversion Efficiency and Growth of Hamilton’s Pethia Ticto (Ticto Barb) from a Himalayan Stream
Garhwal Himalaya has a wide network of aquatic bodies in the form of rivers, lakes, tributaries, reservoirs, wetlands, and ponds. These water bodies harbor very good fish diversity hence can be used for intensive fish culture. Pethia ticto was collected with the help of a casting net and other local fishing methods from the Khanda Gad, a tributary of Alaknanda River that is also an important tributary of River Ganga. The study on food consumption was made by offering the food items of known weight and number to fishes and careful observations were made. The initial and the final weights of the fishes were taken and the growth was calculated. Among artificial feed, soya meal fed groups showed the highest conversion ratio (7.21:1), and semolina (suji)fed groups showed the lowest (6.95:1) conversion ratio. The present work is to develop a scientific approach for the management and conservation of the important fish (Pethia ticto) of Garhwal Himalaya.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_123166_6181b0df2f018e29d4f4ae8d107c7f8d.pdf
2020-12-01
349
362
10.21608/ejabf.2020.123166
Ravindra
Singh
ravisrawat5@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Chandi
Prasad
cpsemwal2@gmail.com
2
AUTHOR
Stanzin
Namtak
namtakstanzin@gmail.com
3
AUTHOR
Ramchander
Merugu
rajumerugu01@gmail.com
4
AUTHOR
Akash
Deep
akashdeep20jan@gmail.com
5
AUTHOR
Naveen
Tripathi
tripathinaveen36@gmail.com
6
AUTHOR
Rahul
Kumar
7
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Gut colonization and permanence of the probiotics in Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822)
The gnotobiotic approach utilizing autochthonous probiotics enhance the growth and immunity by fastening to persist in the fish’s gastrointestinal tract. The present work was conducted to examine the adherence and colonization of probiotics, Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus, and Stenotrophomonas sp. fed to Labeo calbasu. The juveniles were fed on Diet C (control), Diet 1 (A. aneurinilyticus), Diet 2 (Stenotrophomonas sp.), and Diet 3 (A. aneurinilyticus and Stenotrophomonas sp.) maintained in triplicate with ten individuals each for a duration of 90 days. The fingerlings depicting significant growth performance (p < /em><0.05) were subjected to intestinal enzymatic, haematological, and immunohistochemical assays. Diet 1 fed group revealed significantly (p < /em><0.05) high values of enzymes, blood corpuscles, and respiratory burst activity. The results showed the permanence of probiotic colonies in gastrointestinal tract lumen and on the microvilli edges. This clearly reveals that probiotic A. aneurinilyticus enhanced growth, digestibility, and immune response providing an appreciable approach towards sustainable aquaculture.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_125853_d394beb12ebbab832dc30ce9cc928ef0.pdf
2020-12-01
427
440
10.21608/ejabf.2020.125853
Oshin
Dhillon
oshindhillon@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Anita
Bhatnagar
anitabhatnagar@gmail.com
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of current culture practices on disease outbreaks in shrimp farms located in North Western Province of Sri Lanka
Shrimps have become the most important part of the global aquaculture farming and world food market. However, after the industry was severely affected by the White Spot Syndrome Virus, remedial measures that are in place have not completely eradicated the problem that is affecting the livelihood of shrimp farmers and other stakeholders. Therefore, the study was conducted with the objective of determination of farmer culture practices using an interviewer-administered pre-tested questionnaire (n= 100). Results revealed that the disease occurred first in the Karukupane area during the study period and of 5 zones affected where Zone 2 (Arachchikattuwa) was the worst affected area. It was noted that 57% of farmers who have disease affected farms aerated their ponds and around 77% of them used 50,000-100,000 per acre stocking density. 64% of the farms were located very near (<1m) to the other farms and 48% were infected with the disease after 60-90 days of culture. 95% of diseased shrimps were caught and sold by releasing water mainly to the Dutch canal where most farms which were used Dutch canal as their main water source affected with the disease. Disease occurrence had increased at an increasing rate and the introduction of best management practices is timely important.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_126043_9b5bd26a1c9b0f1ce376ebfa6aecb3ea.pdf
2020-12-01
453
469
10.21608/ejabf.2020.126043
M.G.Y.L.
Mahagamage
1
AUTHOR
S.
Jayakody
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of ecto- and endoparasites of the Sea bass Dicentrachus Labrax in Port Said Governorate, Egypt.
The Sea bass (Dicentrachus labrax) consider one of the most important seawater fish species of South Europe and Mediterranean aquaculture. In the present study; we investigated the parasitism of Sea bass in Port Said Governorate, Egypt during the period from October 2016 till October 2017. A total number of 100 sea bass (ranged from 300 to 400 gm weight) were collected randomly, the parasitological examination showed a total of 9 different parasite species were found. The ectoparasites were represented by two copepods (Caligus elongates and Lernanthropus psciaenae) with 28% total prevalence, one isopod species (Levonica redmani) infestation rate was 16%, and one monogenean species which wasDiplectanum aequans, which showed the highest infection rate (64%). Five species of digenean were found with a total prevalence of 36%, they were (Acanthostomum spiniceps, Erilepturus Hamati, Stephanostomum murielae, Creptotrema creptotrema, and Aponurus mulli), the highest total prevalence of infestation among the examined fish was in autumn (60%) and the lowest was in summer (24%), while in winter and spring the prevalence rates were 48% and 36% respectively.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_128508_a76e25af1bacef260bd2ff5b1bc5face.pdf
2020-12-01
629
643
10.21608/ejabf.2020.128508
Isopoda
copepoda
Monogenea
Digenea
marine fish
Dicentrachus labrax
Samar
W.A.Tadros
1
AUTHOR
Amal
K. El-Gayar
2
AUTHOR
Eman
M. Abouelhassan
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
First record of a non-indigenous lanternbelly, Acropoma argentistigma (Teleostei: Perciformes: Acropomatidae) from the Bay of Bengal coast of Bangladesh
The Bay of Bengal coast is acting as a pristine ecological niche for many indigenous and non-indigenous fish species as along with other aquatic organisms. The present study describes the first record of lanternbelly, Acropoma argentistigma (Okamoto & Ida, 2002) from the Bay of Bengal coast, Bangladesh based on 32 specimens. The species were identified on the basis of phenotypic characteristics; for instance, pinkish-red body colour, presence of U-shaped luminous gland, well-organized conical teeth on the lower jaw, 17-gill rackers, and position of the anus in the middle of the ventral margin. The first record of Acropoma argentistigma in the area further enhances the ichthyofaunal diversity in these areas as well as overall fish species of Bangladesh.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_126727_1dbe6964f83eeacb51d21a812818b45f.pdf
2020-12-01
677
684
10.21608/ejabf.2020.126727
Md. Abu
Hanif
1
AUTHOR
Muhammad
A. B. Siddik
2
AUTHOR
Seikh
Razibul Islam
3
AUTHOR
Md. Aminul
Islam
4
AUTHOR
Md. Sarower
E-Mahfuj
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of magnetic water treatment technology on water parameters, growth performance and blood parameters of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of magnetic water treatment techniques on water parameters and Nile tilapia (Oreocliromis niloticus). Magnetic water at 2000 gausses was used compared with normal water for triplicate groups of fish which reared with different stocking densities 15 fish / m3, 20 fish / m3, and 25 fish / m3, and each group was replicated with 5g / fry an average initial weight. Fish were fed on a commercial diet (40% protein). The tanks in the two groups were supplied with air pumping and filtration system. The results revealed that dissolved oxygen, pH, and total hardness values in magnetic water increased as compared to control water, but ammonia was inversely related to a magnetic field, while total alkalinity and water temperature were not affected by treatment. The data indicated that growth performance, feed utilization, water parameters, some blood parameters, and body composition improved and significantly in magnetic water treatment between different stocking densities. The results pointed that, the stocking density of 15 fish/m3 with magnetized water was the best system where it has high water quality, growth performance, and blood parameters of O. niloticus compared with other stocking densities.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_126947_38a37c502e3fe2ac9cf5834d71d350f7.pdf
2020-12-01
645
655
10.21608/ejabf.2020.126947
Magnetic water
Oreochromis niloticus Nile tilapia
stocking density
feed utilization
Norhan
H. Ahmed
1
AUTHOR
Nadia
N. B. Abd El-Hamed
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial activity of Ulva intestinalis, U. faciata, and U. lactuca against biofilm-associated bacteria
The contemporary investigation was conducted to study the antimicrobial activity of Ulvales found in the coastal area of Karachi. The examined seaweeds( Ulva intestinalis, U. fasciata and U. lactuca. U. intestinalis) were collected from Sandspit and Kakkapir, whereas, U. fasciata and U. lactuca were gathered from Buleji. The selected species were examined to detect the antimicrobial activity against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and gram-negative pathogen Shigella sp. Accumulated bacteria- biofilms were found in the rocks of Buleji, Hawks Bay and Manora Island. It is remarkable to note that gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are responsible for producing infectious diseases in humans. Seaweeds extracts were successively prepared in five solvents; namely, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, n-Hexane and distilled water. The present experiment was performed using the method of measuring the zone of inhibition followed by disc diffusion. Findings showed that U. fasciata and U. lactuca exhibited a scanty zone of inhibition against gram-negative and gram-positive strains. Although ethanol and methanol extract of U. intestinalis showed neither more nor less zone of inhibition against Shigella sp., yet aqueous solvent of seaweeds produced no activity against any bacteria. Furthermore, recording the greatest zone of inhibition, the extract with ethanol showed the highest against the S. aureus. Notably, chloroform displayed a high limit of inhibition against S. epidermidis. It is worth mentioning that Sandspit collected U. intestinalis showed high bactericidal activity.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_141318_dd6694f332401f86c249ff0a1ec6ecf3.pdf
2020-12-01
669
676
10.21608/ejabf.2020.141318
Saba
Rizwan
saba_rizwan87@hotmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Ghazala
Siddiqui
2
AUTHOR
Mahwish
Shoaib
3
AUTHOR
Khalid
Mahmood
khalid_cemb@yahoo.com
4
AUTHOR
Habib
-Ul- Hassan
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Ulva lactuca fermentation and exogenous multi-enzymes supplementation in combination with L-carnitine and probiotic on optimizing plant-based diets utilization for the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
A (2X3) factorial design was conducted to evaluate using fermented Ulva lactuca (FER) and exogenous multi-enzymes, Natuzyme® (MEM, 1.5 g/kg) supplementation in combination with L-carnitine (LC, 350 mg/kg) and/or probiotic (PRO, 0.3%/kg) on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia (5.14±0.08 g initial body weight) fed plant-Ulva based diets over a 12-weeks feeding trial. Six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated to provide 28% protein and 425 kcal/100 g diets which divided into FER and MEM groups each with three different supplementations (LC, PRO and LC + PRO). Results of the present study revealed that fish fed on the third diet (FER + LC + PRO) and last diet (MEM + LC + PRO) were significantly higher in average body weight, weight gain, and relative body weight gain than other treatments without significant differences between the two treatments. Fish fed (FER + LC + PRO) diet and (MEM + LC + PRO) diet consumed more feed than other treatments. No significant differences were detected among different fish groups for whole-body composition. The results of the present study suggested that using fermented Ulva lactuca and inclusion of exogenous multi- enzymes in combination with L-Carnitine and/or probiotics have beneficial effects on improving growth performance, feed utilization, and reducing feed cost of Nile tilapia.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_127388_acb4c7995ae5738803f28ff8647a073e.pdf
2020-12-01
685
708
10.21608/ejabf.2020.127388
Nile tilapia
Ulva
exogenous enzymes
fermentation
L-carnitine
probiotic
Growth performance
Talaat
N. Amer
1
AUTHOR
Amany
M. El-mousalamy
2
AUTHOR
Sally
Z. Mohamed
3
AUTHOR
Yossef
M. Ali
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mass production of Arthrospira platensis on the livestock manure for use as a protein source in animal feed
The biotechnological applications of Arthrospira platensis require intensive cultivation for mass production, taking into consideration the economic perspectives. The livestock manure was tested for the cultivation of A. platensis EG5 for economic production of biomass and protein. The manure concentrations of 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 and 12.8 g L-1 significantly increased (P ≤ 0.5) the biomass by 19.6, 44.9, 29.8, and 18.8 %, compared to the control Zarrouk’s medium. Meanwhile, the control medium supported protein production more than manure media but with a nonsignificant difference (P ≤ 0.05) with the manure concentrations of 3.2 and 6.4 g L-1, where it reached 50±5.4 and 49.6±4.0 g 100g-1 dry biomass compared to 53.5±6.6 g 100g-1 for control medium. The metals; Fe, Zn, Cu, Mg and Mn were measured in A. platensis EG5 cultivated on different manure media and their concentration range was in good agreement with many animal feed requirements as reported by NRC. The biomass and protein productivity of A. platensis EG5 on a continuous open pond system using manure medium (3.2 g L-1) was studied for three continuous culturing cycles and maintained mean biomass of 1.11, 1.42 and 1.35 kg m-3 and protein content of 48.5, 52 and 56 g 100g-1 for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd harvested biomass. The biomass of A. platensis EG5 cultivated on manure medium was a good source of the essential amino acids; arginine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and valine with concentrations comparable to the amino acids requirements of many animals as reported by the NRC. In conclusion, the cultivation of A. platensis EG5 on livestock manure for biomass and protein production maintained promising results. Therefore, we would recommend future detailed studies on using the manure commercial-scale cultivation of microalgae as a protein source to enhance the nutritional quality of fish and animal diets economically and sustainably.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_127643_d214052d8b7b7399407d60944df714a9.pdf
2020-12-01
725
739
10.21608/ejabf.2020.127643
Arthrospira platensis EG5
Biomass
livestock manure
protein
amino acid
Eman
Ibrahim Abdel-Aal
1
AUTHOR
Jelan
Mofeed
jelanmofeed@hotmail.com
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Environmental drivers for the distribution of Najas marina L. subsp. armata in Lake Burullus, Egypt
Najas marina L. subsp < em>. armata (Lindb.f.) Horn, family Najadaceae, which called Horreish in Egypt, is a submerged aquatic plant, inhabits fresh or brackish water. The plant collected from Nasser Lake (Egypt), dried, and kept to be used later as a vital source of fodder for sheep and goats in dry periods as it is offered in local markets as food in Hawaii. This work is the first study on N. marina in the Nile Delta of Egypt as the global studies were rare and outdated. The ultimate goal of this work is to specify the environmental agents (water and sediment) controlling the N. marina distribution in Lake Burullus, identify the plant communities associated with N. marina, and assess the plants-environmental agents' relationship. Results obtained by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) indicated that the major efficacious environmental agents (water and sediment) that affect the distribution of N. marina in Lake Burullus, were salinity factors as, EC, TDS, Cl-, HCO3- and some elements as Na+ and Mg++ as well as nutrients (TN and TP). The analysis of Two Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) revealed six clusters (A-F); the indicator species were as follow, cluster A, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum; cluster B, Juncus acutus; cluster C, Suaeda vera; cluster D, Potamogeton pectinatus; cluster E, N. marina; cluster F, Phragmites australis. In addition, CCA analysis showed that there is a positive relationship between N. marina distribution and nutrients agents, but a negative relationship between the target plant and salinity agents. The studied locations in the north section were higher in salinity than that of the southern locations. It worth mentioning that the plant was disappeared from El Kom El Akhdar where the EC value was 13.7 mS/cm and TDS was 7.6 mg/l. Also, the plant was not found in the northeastern section, where the fishermen reported that the opening of Al-Bughaz increases the water salinity, and N. marina not found. Generally, the reciprocal relationship of plants-environment is embedded in all living systems, which are the fundamental basis for the various types of sustainable improvement, especially the essential basis for water sustainable development. Community features of the aquatic plants are essential indicators for water quality.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_128057_00343609bc1a7c3b1efeb7ffaf97cf60.pdf
2020-12-01
741
755
10.21608/ejabf.2020.128057
Khalid
M. Yousif
1
AUTHOR
Maha
M. Elshamy
2
AUTHOR
Ghada
A. El-Sherbeny
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of date pits and fungi-degraded date pits as a feed ingredient for Liza ramada fingerlings
This study aimed to perform a comparison between date pits (DP) and Trichoderma. Reesei fermented (fungi degraded) date pits (FDP) as a dietary component, to use it as a cheaper high-energy feed ingredient to increase the growth rate, and to determine the probiotic possibility of FDP supplementation for fingerlings Liza ramada. Diets contained different concentrations of date pit (DP), and fermented DP diets (FDP) as a replacement for dietary corn, were used to feed Liza ramada fingerlings (0.65 g initial weight) for 6 weeks. The specific growth rate remained unchanged at a concentration of 5% with DP, then, it was decreased by increasing the concentration of DP. A highly significant increase in growth rate was detected by increasing the concentration of FDP (p <0.001), reaching its maximum at 450 gkg-1. Hemoglobin depletion occurred compared to the control during the DP feeding, whereas, it was inclined with increasing the FDP concentrations. Serum glucose levels showed no significant change during feeding with DP but it was increased during FDP feeding. Serum triglycerides of fish fed with FDP were highly increased, which explained the increase in muscle lipid. Serum cholesterol levels were decreased in fish fed with DP, while increased with that fed FDP. It is worth mentioning that no previous studies were examined pathogen resistance of cultured Liza ramada associated with DP and FDP supplementation in a diet. This study enhanced the necessity to use FDP in diets to lessen the intestinal harmful bacteria (Salmonella spp < em>., Campylobacter spp., Shigella spp.and E. coli) count, and to support fish health and increase growth rates.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_129722_6ed22c05ab5c1df5624d9d884b725842.pdf
2020-12-01
757
777
10.21608/ejabf.2020.129722
Liza ramada
Date pits
fermented date pits
intestinal bacteria
Basma
H. Moustafa
1
AUTHOR
Fatma
F. Abdel Hamid
2
AUTHOR
Hanaa
E. Assem
3
AUTHOR
Doaa
M. Ibrahim
4
AUTHOR
Iman
M. El saeidy
5
AUTHOR
Ahmed
M. Salem
6
AUTHOR
Samar
S. Mohamed
7
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical composition and caloric values of different body segments of the female mangrove crab (Scylla olivacea)
Scylla olivacea is regarded as a nutritionally and economically demandable species, however, there lies a paucity of information on this mangrove crab. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to assess the biochemical composition and caloric values of different body parts of female S. olivacea. The crab samples (100-150g) were collected from a mangrove area of Bagerhat district, the Southern part of Bangladesh from November 2019 to February 2020. The biochemical composition (moisture, protein, lipids, ash, and carbohydrate) and the energy value of the samples were analyzed following standardized methods. The moisture content varied from 38.99±1.29g to 75.15±0.78g per 100g of crab. The carbohydrate level was in the range of 2.89g/100g to 27.77g/100g, while protein content ranging from 0.65±0.10g/100g to 19.24±0.90g/100g. Per 100g of crab, the lowest amount of fat (0.40±0.14g) was observed in the bone while the highest amount (1.79±0.17g) in claw meat. Bone provided the highest amount of ash (32.20±0.69g/100g) and energy (117.34kcal/100g) than other body parts of the crab. The present study reveals that female S. olivacea is high in protein and low in fat providing a good amount of energy. Hence, research on S. olivacea and other crabs commonly found in Bangladesh should be expanded to get a more comprehensive knowledge of their nutritional profile and health benefits.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_129349_4ef58862c556eff7599fa576bdcc0bab.pdf
2020-12-01
817
823
10.21608/ejabf.2020.129349
Mangrove Crab
Biochemical composition
Nutritional profile
Md. Akram
Ullah
akramnstu@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Iqbal Hossain
2
AUTHOR
Towhid
Hasan
towhidhasan07@gmail.com
3
AUTHOR
Marjia
Sultana
marjia28sultana@gmail.com
4
AUTHOR
Md. Nurul
Huda Babu
5
AUTHOR
Md. Robiul
Hasan
rhasan_rony@yahoo.com
6
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Status analysis of the Red Sea fisheries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The Red Sea is a unique marine ecosystem and Saudi Arabia's coastline has the longest portion. The Red Sea ecosystem off Saudi Arabia's coast is characterized by vibrant nature that is populated by many forms of marine life and more than a third of known fish species spend part or all of their lives in coral reef habitat. Saudi Arabia's fishing fleet has recently developed and diversified the methods. Large fishing vessels such as trawling and purse seine have been engaged in fishing at the Red Sea, along with artisanal fishing, resulting in increased pressure on fish stocks. The fishing fleet operating in the Saudi Red Sea has increased substantially since 1996, in comparison, fish catch has not increased. Government endeavours to monitor and track fishing activities to reduce the depletion of stocks. Industrial development, human activity, and urban expansion affect the Red Sea environment significantly. The timely detection and control of pollution emissions also decrease its impacts on the Red Sea ecosystem. Finally, the Saudi coastal Red Sea fisheries need a lot of serious research to provide information and data that contribute to their natural resource sustainability.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_129183_ee0ca1804a2469563e98af57729425d6.pdf
2020-12-01
825
833
10.21608/ejabf.2020.129183
fish stock assessment
marine fisheries
Fishery resources
Red Sea
Lafi
Al Solami
lalsulami@kau.edu.sa
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Growth pattern of the Hooghly Croaker Panna heterolepis Trewavas, 1977 in the Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh) in relation to eco-climatic factors
The present study investigated the length-frequency (LFDs) distributions, length-length (LLRs) relationships and growth pattern based on length-weight (LWRs) relationships related to eco-climatic factors of Panna heterolepis captured from the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. In total, 1223 specimens (male = 654, female = 569) were collected from January to December 2019. Total length (TL), as well as body weight (BW), was measured by measuring board and digital balance with 0.01 cm and 0.01 g accuracy, respectively. TL varied between 10.70-31.40 cm for males and 10.50-34.50 cm for females. The overall allometric co-efficient (b) value for both sexes indicated negative allometric growth (< 3.00) for most of the months. In addition, the LLR (TL vs. SL) were extremely correlated (p < 0.001), with all r2 ≥ 0.982. The b of LWR was found significantly related to temperature for both sexes. However, rainfall, DO and pH did not reveal any significant correlation with the growth pattern for both sexes. This study recorded the maximum size of females as 34.5 cm TL. The outcomes of the study will be helpful for stock assessment as well as management of this fish in the Bay of Bengal, considering their response to climatic change.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_132074_30677729dd095b2f406be28074027663.pdf
2020-12-01
847
862
10.21608/ejabf.2020.132074
Wasim
Sabbir
wasimsabbirait@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Md. Yeamin
Hossain
yeamin.fish@ru.ac.bd
2
AUTHOR
Md. Ashekur
Rahman
ashiqru17@gmail.com
3
AUTHOR
Md. Rabiul
Hasan
rhrubel95@gmail.com
4
AUTHOR
Md. Nuruzzaman
Khan
suza16057@gmail.com
5
AUTHOR
Zannatul
Mawa
zm.mumu.29@gmail.com
6
AUTHOR
Sumaya
Tanjin
tanjin.sumaya18@gmail.com
7
AUTHOR
Most. Shakila
Sarmin
8
AUTHOR
Obaidur
Rahman
obrahman422@gmail.com
9
AUTHOR
Akhery
Nima
nima.bfri07@gmail.com
10
AUTHOR
Kazi Ahsan
Habib
ahsan.sau@gmail.com
11
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Age on Growth of Keeled Mullet Fish Liza Carinata (Valenciennes, 1836) in Different Environmental Conditions (Wild And Lab.)
This study was carried out in the central laboratory for aquaculture research and the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez branch on the Keeled mullet, Liza carinata as two parts. In the first part within the wet laboratory, four treatments were formed by ratio densities 40, 60, 80, and 100 fish per cubic meter within a wet laboratory. This experiment expanded for 13 weeks. The fish fed on commercial diets 32% crude protein 6 days per week for two times as 3% of biomass weight of fish. The following parameters were measured: growth performance during the experimental period and gonadosomatic index at the end of the experiment. Results showed that females' final weight, gain weight, daily weight gain, and SGR were slightly higher than those of males. GSI ranged from 0.19±0.003 to 0.24±0.005 for females and males, respectively. The second part within wild, monthly random samples L. carinata were collected from the commercial catch of artisanal boats at Suez Bay during the period from September 2018 to September 2019. The length-frequency for more than 943 specimens of L. carinata was grouped in 1cm length classes. In the laboratory date of capture, total length to the nearest mm, total weight to the nearest 0.1g. The equation for growth in length was Lt = 22.45 (1 - e-0.52 (t +0.34)). The equation for growth in weight: Wt = 133.96 (1 - e -0.52 (t +0.34)) 3.12
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_129415_3a2fd8c4d7fcd0fdb8d89e771f6858d2.pdf
2020-12-01
863
877
10.21608/ejabf.2020.129415
Age
Growth
Suez Bay
Liza carinata
gonadosomatic index
Specific growth rate
Haytham
A. Abd El-Ghaffar
1
AUTHOR
Eman
M. Zaki
2
AUTHOR
Ahmed
F. Makkey
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The reproductive biology and sex hormones of the rabbitfish (Siganus rivulatus) in the Suez Gulf
Samples of the rabbitfish ( Siganus rivulatus ) were collected monthly during January- December 2016 from the Suez Gulf. The maturity stages of the males and females were morphologically separated according to the changes in shape, size, and color of the gonads in different six successive stages. Stage I (Immature), stage II (Maturing 1), stage III (Maturing 2), stage IV (Mature), stage V (Ripe), and stage VI (Spent). Reproductive characteristics of Siganus rivulatus showed that the male reaches first sexual maturity at a smaller body length than the female (15.1 cm and 15.8 cm for male and female, respectively). The gonado-somatic index (GSI) of males was lower than that of females. Where, the maximum GSI values were recorded in July (7.9 % and 6.8 % for females and males, respectively). The absolute fecundity of the present species ranged from 147321 to 384086 eggs. The logarithmic relationship showed that fecundity increased with the increase of length, weight, and gonad weight. K values for combined sex began to increase from January to reach a maximum value (1.65) at April then decreased from May to August. The spawning season of Siganus rivulatus in the Suez Gulf may be extending from May to August for females and males. 17β - Estradiol level in females of S. rivulatus ranged from 0.076 ± 0.007 ng / ml (recorded in June 2016) to 0.003 ± 0.0005 ng / ml (recorded in December 2016). Estradiol level was low during February but afterward, it increased significantly in June 2016. Testosterone level in males of S. rivulatus recorded the highest value of 1.698 ± 0.022 ng/ml in July. Then, it continuously decreased, reaching the minimum value of 0.039 ± 0.007 ng/ml in December 2016 (17.4 ± 1.054).
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_129348_d913375b39a676fe6b3b311f7c3d3aa9.pdf
2020-12-01
879
890
10.21608/ejabf.2020.129348
gonadosomatic index
fecundity
Siganus rivulatus
Sex hormones
Gulf of Suez
Red Dea
Amal
M. Ramadan
1
AUTHOR
Magdy
M. Elhalfawy
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Population Biological Parameters of Ambassis vachellii (Perciformes: Ambassidae) Caught from Bay Hap and Cua Lon Estuaries, Ca Mau Province, Vietnam
The present study has been estimated the population biological parameters of Ambassis vachellii living in Bay Hap (BH) and Cua Lon (CL) estuarine regions. By analyzing the results of length-frequency distribution of 6,922 individuals (4,388 individuals in BH and 2,534 individuals in CL), collected from August 2017 to June 2019, it was concluded that L∞ of these two populations was 7.4 cm and K value of BH population (0.58 yr-1) was higher than that of CL population (0.52 yr-1). Moreover, the t0 value of the CL population (-0.44 yr-1) was higher than that in the BH population (-0.39 yr-1). The fishing (1,38 yr-1), natural (1,76 yr-1), and total mortalities (3.14 yr-1) of the BH population were lower than those of the CL population, which were 1.90 yr-1, 3.08 yr-1, and 4.98 yr-1, respectively. Accordingly, the longevity of the former population (tmax=5.17 yr) was lower than the later one (tmax=5.77 yr). Likewise, the population growth performance was 1.50 in BH and 1.46 in CL. The CL population's recruitment time (mid-May and mid-August) was a month later than the BH one (mid-April and early July). The exploitation rate (0.440 in BH and 0.620 in CL) was higher than E0.5 (0.353 in BH and 0.355 in CL). Results suggested that these two populations were subjected to overfishing. The length at first capture was 3.3 cm in BH and 3.4 in CL. Consequently, it is recommended to avoid catching A. vachellii during the recruitment period for sustainable fishery management.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_132409_77f6ad9a99e23bd0b154855481a59829.pdf
2020-12-01
779
801
10.21608/ejabf.2020.132409
Ambassis vachellii
exploitation rate
mortality
Growth
Recruitment
Quang
Minh Dinh
1
AUTHOR
Vang
Thi Nguyen
2
AUTHOR
Dinh
Dac Tran
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Morphological Comparative of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae) from Three Sundaland Island in Indonesia Using Geometric Morphometric
Morphological comparisons of freshwater fish from the geographical disconnection region can serve more effectively using geometric morphometric. One of the least affected species with a wide distribution on the Sundaland river is Osteochilus spilurus (Bleeker, 1851). A limited human-caused distribution was created by the lack of attention to this species and provided the potential for accurate morphological variations. Body shape and morphometric analysis were done using a photograph of a live or fresh fish sample from four rivers in Sumatera and Bangka – Belitung island. Body shape pattern constructs by SAGE 1.04 for landmark-based measurements, TPSdig 2.1 was used, and comparative analysis using Kruskal-Wallis. Morphometric and body shape differences happen on each island. Morphological plasticity as an outcome of adaptation reaction to water streams and predators is thought to contribute to this distinction. Fish harvesting and ancient geographical isolation possibly causing genetic variation but required further.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_134810_7b572bbdc1689c88fd4b1c6feedf664d.pdf
2020-12-01
835
845
10.21608/ejabf.2020.134810
Ardiansyah
Kurniawan
ardian_turen@yahoo.co.id
1
AUTHOR
Anik
M. Hariati
2
AUTHOR
Andi
Kurniawan
andi_k@ub.ac.id
3
AUTHOR
Haryono
Haryono
4
AUTHOR
Dewa
G. R. Wiadnya
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Heavy Metal Contamination and Physicochemical Properties of Soils in Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite, Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt
A field study was conducted to assess soil quality at a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Hurghada, which includes the old dumpsite and new dumpsite. These dumpsites were filled with the following wastes: paints, plastic, electric, metal, textile, wood, food, cosmetic, packing, machinery, agricultural, chemical, and automotive remains. Soil samples were randomly collected from the two waste dumpsites and two dry drainage patterns, located away from the waste dumpsites, at a depth of 50cm. The soil physicochemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, total organic matter, and TDS in addition to grain size distribution were determined. Aso, an assessment of heavy metal pollutants was conducted using contamination factor ratios (CF), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) methods.
This study revealed that the heavy metals in soil followed the order of Fe>Al> Ba> Zn>Pb> Cu> Co> Cr>Ni>Cd. The distribution pattern of heavy metals in both drainage pattern samples exhibited decreasing concentrations of these metals than those found in the nearby two dumpsites. The heavy metals concentrations of soils in municipal solid waste dumpsite exceed the background value of soils from the earth's crust except for Fe and Al. The characteristics study of soil samples from the dumpsites showed that the solid waste dump had changed the soil characteristics, which were higher limits at certain places only. Contaminations in soil samples were classified using geoaccumulation index and contamination factor to make sure that heavy metal pollution levels of soils collected from dumpsites are greater than those from drainage pattern samples.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_133811_a6857a2359150611cc2cdef68b3ec7d5.pdf
2020-12-01
913
930
10.21608/ejabf.2020.133811
solid wastes
Physiochemistry
Soil samples Hurghada Red Sea
Abd El Mohsen
S. El Daba
1
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abd El_Wahab
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Species composition and biodiversity index of gobiid assemblage in estuarine areas of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
The interaction between environmental factors and the distribution of gobiid fishes was investigated at 16 sampling sites in estuarine areas of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Fish specimens were mainly collected by using trawl net, push net, and bag net every two months, from August 2017 to August 2019. Data analysis showed that 40 fish species belong to three families in the gobiid assemblage in the studied area. The most common family was Gobiidae (62%), followed by Oxudercidae (25%) and Eleotridae (13%). The number of fish species decreased gradually from estuary to midstream of river systems. The gobiid assemblage was more diversified in the river system controlled by the West Sea (37 species and 696 individuals) than in the river planned by the East Sea (17 species and 225 individuals). The fish species and biodiversity indexes decreased with the reduction of salinity from the estuary to the midstream of the river system. In the wet season, the fish assemblage was more abundant and diverse than in the dry season due to the environmental factors influenced by the Mekong River. The highest biodiversity index was recorded in Bay Hap and Ong Trang (77.38%). Moreover, the analyzed result of biodiversity indexes revealed that the diversity of fish species in the study area was relatively high. The study outcome will be useful in fisheries management and biodiversity conservation, especially for estuaries.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_131385_2cbf3cf5a14b541df7702568676166f7.pdf
2020-12-01
931
941
10.21608/ejabf.2020.131385
Dinh
Dac Tran
1
AUTHOR
Vang
Thi Nguyen
2
AUTHOR
Hoang
Thi My To
3
AUTHOR
Tin
Trung Nguyen
4
AUTHOR
Quang
Minh Dinh
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nutrient Composition of Small Indigenous Fish Species (SIS) from Homestead Ponds of Noakhali Coast, Bangladesh
Estimating the nutrient composition of edible fish is the most important aspect of fish nutrition. Ten small indigenous species (SIS) were collected from the homestead ponds of the Noakhali coast, Bangladesh, to estimate and compare their nutrient composition. The major nutrient compositions (like protein, fat, moisture, ash, and carbohydrate) of raw fish were estimated using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods. The protein content (%) of Colisa fasciatus, Amblypharyngodon mola, Puntius ticto, Puntius sarana, Macrognathus aculeatus, Mystus tengara, Anabas testudineus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Channa punctatus, and Clarias batrachus were found to be 14.51±1.2, 14.57±1.19, 14.39±1.23, 16.31±0.48, 17.3±1.74, 13.73±1.34, 13.95±0.43, 14.11±0.82, 13.18±0.57, and 17.15±1.27, respectively. The lipid content (%) of C. fasciatus, A. mola, P. ticto, P. sarana, M. aculeatus, M. tengara, A. testudineus, H. fossilis, C. punctatus, and C. batrachus were found to be 1.55±0.11, 2.51±0.26, 2.14±0.18, 3.05±0.09, 1.67±0.17, 2.54±0.18, 2.85±0.08, 2.51±0.21, 2.11±0.09, and 3.1±0.23, respectively. The ash content (%) of C. fasciatus, A. mola, P. ticto, P. sarana, M. aculeatus, M. tengara, A. testudineus, H. fossilis, C. punctatus, and C. batrachus were found to be 3.43±0.23, 3.1±0.32, 3.72±0.32, 2.79±0.08, 2.44±0.24, 2.56±0.17, 3.06±0.08, 1.68±0.1, 1.7±0.07, and 2.15±0.15, respectively. Moisture content varied from 75.27% in P. sarana to 81.05% in C. punctatus. The carbohydrate content ranged from 1.81% (H. fossilis) to 3.28% (M. aculeatus). One way analysis revealed significant variation (P˂0.05) in the mean value of nutrient contents among the fish species. From the present study, it could be concluded that the homestead ponds contain fish with a good source of nutrition that can help in decreasing the nutrient deficiency in Bangladesh. Thus, it can be added to the cultural system for consumption, as well as, supporting the livelihood of the coastal people.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_133693_4436f0dfbd51e0f12611ebc368a0aa0d.pdf
2020-12-01
943
954
10.21608/ejabf.2020.133693
Rafikul
Islam
hridoyfimsnstu@gmail.com
1
AUTHOR
Mohammad
B. Hossain
2
AUTHOR
Md. Nahidul
Islam
3
AUTHOR
Md. Monirul
Islam
4
AUTHOR
Md. Tazul
Islam
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative study on morphometric relationships and condition factor of Siganus rivulatus inhabits the Red Sea, Suez Canal and the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt
Siganus rivulatus is one of the most successful Lessipsian migrant fish from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea through Suez Canal. In the present study, a comparison between the populations in native and new habitats was estimated based on morphometric characters, meristic count, and condition of the fish. A total of 1741 individuals of S. rivulatus (334 from the Red Sea; Hurghada, 581 from Suez Canal; Ismailia and 826 from the Mediterranean; Port-Said) were collected seasonally from autumn 2017 to summer 2018. The total length (TL) fluctuated between 14-28cm in the Red Sea with the mode at length-class 16-16.9cm (14.37%), while TL in Suez Canal and the Mediterranean ranged from 8 to 22cm, the mode was 10-10.9cm (25.3%) and 12-12.9cm (15.25%), respectively. TL, SL and TW displayed significant differences between sites (ANOVA, P≥0.05), with the higher values of all morphometric parameters for Red Sea population. The meristic equation was “D, XIV+10; A, VII+9; V, I+3+I; P, 15-16” at all studied sites. Length-weight relationships were estimated as W=0.0112L3.0349, W=0.0085L3.1825, and W=0.0154L2.9091 for the Red Sea, Suez Canal and the Mediterranean, respectively. Seasonal variation in Fulton’s condition factor (Kf) and Clark’s (Kc) were estimated based on the total weight (TW) and gutted weight (GW) respectively. The values of Kf and Kc showed significant differences between sites (ANOVA, P≥0.05). Kf seemed to be affected by temperature as the maximum value recorded in summer while the minimum was in winter. was considered another factor that may affect the condition of the fish as spring (reproductive season) showed high decrease in the value of Kc at all sites when we removed the mature gonad.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_131399_b03b4e9e11f8d7c7304f1ffedee5df1c.pdf
2020-12-01
955
972
10.21608/ejabf.2020.131399
Lessepsian migration
Siganus rivulatus
Morphometry
Length-weight relationship
Condition factor
Red Sea
Suez Canal
Mediterranean Sea
Elham
M. Abdelhak
1
AUTHOR
Azza
A. El Ganainy
2
AUTHOR
Fedekar
F. Madkour
3
AUTHOR
Mohamed
A. Abu El-Regal
4
AUTHOR
Mohamed
I. Ahmed
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of some growth factors on Cyprinus carpio oocytes maturation (in vitro study)
In fish, prior to ovulation, the process that includes oocyte maturation is essential for successful and guaranteed fertilization. In the current study, Cyprinus carpio L. oocytes were exposed to three different types of recombinant growth factors: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF), Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and Transforming growth factor (TGF). A sample of 5 ng /ml of the three upper- mentioned growth factors was utilized on common carp follicles for 3 different periods of time ( 24,48, and 72 hours). The current study was conducted from December 2019 till January 2020 at the college of veterinary medicine. The results recorded a significant effect (P<0.01) between the polarization index (PI) and the different times of incubation. Additionally, an interaction between the treatments and incubation time, using F test, was spotted. Using the Tukey test for multiple comparisons, a highly significant difference (P<0.01) between various treatments was noted, except for the comparable relationship between the control and G1.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_140986_704180c5c57b8245d49cf230d647384b.pdf
2020-12-01
973
979
10.21608/ejabf.2020.140986
oocyte
Cyprinus carpio
Common Carp
IGF
FGF
TGF
Azal
N. B. Al-Nusear
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Barium Chloride impairs physiology and brain glutamate in Cirrhinus mrigala during a short period of interaction
The present study was performed to establish the toxicological impact of barium chloride (BaCl2) on freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala. In this direction we have investigated the ecological impact of BaCl2 on C mrigala, a freshwater fish widely consumed. Biochemical, neurochemical, and physiological variations were carried out in the present study, and LC50 of BaCl2 was found to be 12 ppm, observed for 24hrs. Further 1/10th of the LC50 concentration of BaCl2 (1.2 ppm) was selected for acute investigation for 96hrs. The results exhibited an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels compared to control groups. Studies revealed alterations in oxidative stress markers with a notable lowering in the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels, and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). The studies reported an elevation in brain glutamate concentrations indicating brain tissue damage. The study highlights the potential toxicological impact of BaCl2 on freshwater fish.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_144745_6127d36f7f5eb6df1caae60876f92e97.pdf
2020-12-01
995
1003
10.21608/ejabf.2020.144745
Jagadeep
Chandra S.
1
AUTHOR
Vishwaprakash
Mahadimane P.
2
AUTHOR
Asma
Saqib
3
AUTHOR
Sandya
Sukumaran
4
AUTHOR
Sharath
Chandra SP
sharathchandrasp@gmail.com
5
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biometry and reproduction of three polychaete species from Egyptian coasts.
The size variation, growth pattern, sex ratio, fertility, and spawning of three nereidid polychaetes from Egyptian coasts were studied for a complete year, namely Perinereis cultrifera (Grube 1840), Perinereis nuntia (Grube 1857), and Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin and Milne-Edwards, 1833). The results revealed clear monthly variation in the studied parameters, and the three species showed allometric growth, while P. cultrifera displayed both allometric and isometric growth. Perinereisnuntiawas characterized by the greatest size, the highest percentage of maturation, the highest fecundity, and the largest oocyte diameter. Perinereis cultrifera and P. dumerilii had a close maximum length of 6.5 and 7.4 cm respectively. However, P. cultrifera displayed pronouncedly lower fecundity and maturation percentage than P. dumerilii, while the latter species recorded less biomass and smaller oocytes. In addition, the spawning of the three species occurred in different months of late spring and early summer, being in May-June for P. cultrifera, June-July for P. dumerilii, and March-April for P. nuntia..
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_134822_a40a5371f5a6833ed5b341623c0d951f.pdf
2020-12-01
1005
1021
10.21608/ejabf.2020.134822
oocytes
fecundity
polychaete size
allometric growth
epitoky
Atoky
Rasha
Hamdy
rasha.hamdy@alexu.edu.eg
1
AUTHOR
Mohamed
M. Dorgham
2
AUTHOR
Huda
H. Al-Rashidy
3
AUTHOR
Manal
M. Atta
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative anatomy study of teeth types in Barracauda and Tilapia fish
This study investigates the general morphology and the ultrastructure of teeth types in adults of 2 fish species (the baracouda, Sphyraena barracuda, and the Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus). Also, it investigates the relationship between teeth types in fish and its feeding habits, where tilapia is an herbivore while barracuda is a carnivore. The present work has applied the anatomy of barracuda and tilapia and analyzed the types of teeth and how they work. The teeth were investigated by binocular microscope and scanning electron microscopy to determine the shape of teeth in both barracuda and tilapia and determine the method of using these teeth in feeding. The results indicated that there is a difference between barracuda and tilapia teeth in structural morphology and type. This difference was demonstrated by virtual and microscopic examination, and this is due to the different feeding habits of both barracuda and tilapia.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_131096_585038ec94d69dec8e4101435f6e33e5.pdf
2020-12-01
1023
1032
10.21608/ejabf.2020.131096
Nile tilapia
Oreochromis niloticus
Barracauda
Sphyraena barracauda
Jaw teeth
Pharyngeal teeth
Nora
Abdulaziz Aljalaud
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals and Potential Health Risk through Consumption of Seafoods from Selected Creeks in Rivers State, Nigeria
Excessive oil exploration, pipeline destruction, agricultural activities, and other man-made activities including aerosol sedimentation elevate the levels of heavy metals in the surroundings that leach into the creeks. The seafood bioaccumulates these metals often times within their body system. This work aimed at using seafood samples, Scylla serrata (crab) Clarias gariepinus (catfish), Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia fish), and Physella acuta (snail) as a bioindicator of heavy metal contamination from Ahoada, Omoku, Ndoni, and Choba creeks in Nigeria. The levels of Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Arsenic (As), and Zinc (Zn) were determined in the seafood samples collected from the study creeks during September 2019. Forty-eight (48) samples comprising of S. serrata, C. gariepinus, O. niloticus, and P. acuta were digested and examined for heavy metal concentrations using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The levels of Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, As and Zn ranged between 0.310 ± 0.008 to 5.312 ± 0.009 mg/kg; 0.008 ± 0.004 to 1.310 ± 0.010 mg/kg; 2.082 ± 0.012 to 9.013 ± 0.010 mg/kg; 3.014 ± 0.010 to 13.526 ± 0.006 mg/kg; 0.007 ± 0.005 to 0.182 ± 0.005; and 2.015 ± 0.008 to 8.135 ± 0.007 mg/kg respectively. The obtained results were employed in assessing the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks in humans due to the consumption of the mentioned species. The concentrations of trace elements reported in tissue samples were within the known background levels. However, alarming concentrations were found for Pb, Cd, and Cr that recorded higher values than the safe levels according to the FAO/WHO, and USEPA. The present results revealed that the ingestion of tested species is safe and free from non-carcinogenic risks. However, there is a carcinogenic risk may be emerging due to the steady ingestion of Cr via these aqua forms by the populace.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_133858_1ff5341e4b9bf85da2d7c34e90db5139.pdf
2020-12-01
1033
1053
10.21608/ejabf.2020.133858
Chizoba
Orajiaka-Uchegbu
1
AUTHOR
Kingsley
C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu
2
AUTHOR
Ahiakwo
B. Ogbo
3
AUTHOR
Chukwuebuka
Egbuna
egbunachukwuebuka@gmail.com
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative study on the histochemical structures of stomach, pyloric caeca and anterior intestine in the grey mullet, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
The purpose of this study was to compare the histological features of pyloric caeca with that of the stomach and anterior intestine in Mugil cephalus. Specimens of M. cephalus were dissected and small pieces of each part were cut, fixed for routine histological procedures. The transverse sections were also stained by some stains for histochemical purposes. These sections were examined under a microscope, photographed, and described. Histologically, the wall of the stomach, pyloric caeca, and anterior intestine in Mugil cephalus mainly consists of serosa, muscular, submucosa, and mucosa. While the stomach and pyloric caeca have deeply mucosal folds in a narrow lumen, the anterior intestine has a long mucosal fold protruding towards the wide lumen. The mucosa of the three organs consists of columnar cells and mucus cells; in addition to gastric glands in the proventriculus stomach only. The columnar cells at the gizzard stomach are lined toward the lumen with a continuous koillin layer. The mucus cells are medium in size and numbers at the anterior intestine and less at pyloric caeca, but it absent from the stomach. Lymphocytes and wandering cells are abundant in between columnar cells and in the submucosal layer. Histochemical differences between these three digestive organs were also studied and described.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_132888_9492a13fab567ca956047fbccc3cd3c3.pdf
2020-12-01
1055
1071
10.21608/ejabf.2020.132888
histochemistry
fish
Mugil cephalus
Stomach
Pyloric caeca
Anterior intestine
Diaa
M. G. Farrag
1
AUTHOR
Ahmad
M. Azab
2
AUTHOR
Ahmed
N. Alabssawy
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mudskipper Fish as a Bio-indicator for Heavy Metals Pollution in a Coastal Wetland
Mudskippers are important for ecotoxicological studies of coastal wetlands. They are recognized as a potential bio-indicator in estuarine water biomonitoring programs due to their natural abundance, high resistance to polluted environmental conditions, benthic habitat, high trophic levels in the aquatic food chain, and sensitivity to environmental changes. Mudskippers have the ability to accumulate heavy metals in their tissues and also have a strong propensity for determining the biological impact of pollutants on coastal wetlands. Hence, Mudskippers have the ability to serve as ideal sentinel organisms for the biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution. The application of biomarkers is very important for biomonitoring, as it is a direct indicator of all the toxic effects of heavy metals on organisms and is less expensive to use compared to chemical indicators, especially for heavy metal pollutants with very low concentrations. Biomarkers responses such as genotoxicity and immunotoxicity have not been applied as diagnostic tools to monitor the effect of heavy metals on mudskippers, while oxidative stress biomarker is widely used to diagnose and evaluate the adverse effects of heavy metals on mudskippers. So, these biomarkers need to be developed for more comprehensive information on the heavy metal toxicity in fishes. Thus, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and immunotoxicity biomarkers can be incorporated into standard biomonitoring programs as new studies and approaches to resolve the global issue of heavy metal pollution in estuaries and the degradation of coastal wetland ecosystems.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_144402_82b620034967f14f64fa001104c8f585.pdf
2020-12-01
1073
1095
10.21608/ejabf.2020.144402
Heri
B. Santoso
1
AUTHOR
Eko
Suhartono
ekoantioxidant@gmail.com
2
AUTHOR
Rizmi
Yunita
rizmiyunita@ulm.ac.id
3
AUTHOR
Danang
Biyatmoko
danangbiyatmoko@ulm.ac.id
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
List of phytoplankton species of the northeastern part of Lake Manzala, Egypt
The present study was conducted in Lake Manzala at Ashtoum El-Gamil Protected Area that locates in the northeastern part of the lake. Subsurface water samples for phytoplankton investigation were collected monthly from four sites during October 2013-September 2014. A list of 109 species was identified and classified into a specific level. The recorded species belonged to 59 genera and was classified into seven Phyla. Bacillariophyta was the most diversified group with the highest number of the recorded species (51 species, 26 genera), constituting 47% of the phytoplankton community. The three Phyla; Chlorophyta, Dinoflagellata, and Cyanobacteria contained a relatively close number of species (17, 16 and 13 species, respectively) and occupied the second order, collectively belong to 27 genera, constituting 43% of the phytoplankton community. The other three Phyla; Euglenozoa, Charophyta, and Ochrophyta (Dictyochophyceae) were represented by a low number of species (5, 5, and 2 species, respectively forming 10%), and each belongs to two genera. The composition of the phytoplankton community in Lake Manzala was greatly influenced by the relatively high inflows of both freshwater and nutrients into the lake, producing a phytoplankton community dominated by Chlorophyta, and Cyanophyta which had fresh and brackish water affinity. In addition, receiving seasonal backflows of seawater from the Mediterranean Sea and Suez Canal enhanced the Bacillariophyta and Dinoflagelata species.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_135219_53c65a160951beb28f18ab076de30267.pdf
2020-12-01
1097
1114
10.21608/ejabf.2020.135219
Lake Manzala
phytoplankton composition
Ashtoum El-Gamil Protectorate
Species diversity
Hany
T. Yassin
1
AUTHOR
Fedekar
F. Madkour
2
AUTHOR
Mohamed
A. Deyab
3
AUTHOR
Seham
E. Abu Ahmed
4
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Proximate Composition and Trace Metals Concentrations in Macrobrachium vollenhovenii (Herklots, 1857) from Badagry Creek, Lagos, Nigeria
The composition and approximate concentrations of three trace metals - iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg) - of 160 samples of Macrobrachium vollenhovenii (African river prawn) from Badagry creek were investigated for four months across the rainy and dry seasons. Length and weight of the prawns varied from 15.0cm - 17.6cm and 72.76g - 130.65g respectively. The approximate analysis was performed in triplicates and the collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance and T-test. Mean values for protein were 52.18±1.11% (rain) and 43.13±1.13% (dry); lipids were 9.65±0.65% (rain) and 3.50±0.55% (dry); ash were 23.39±1.06% (rain) and 12.00±1.11% (dry); crude fibre were 9.15±0.42% (rain) and 9.35±6.08% (dry); moisture content were 4.08±0.44% (rain) and 31.25±5.23% (dry), and carbohydrate were 1.58±0.07% (rain) and 1.35±0.17% (dry). Protein, ash, moisture and lipids values at different seasons were significantly[KS1] different (p = 0.05). The trace metal values of the species were within the standard recommended range set by World Health Organization. The mean values for zinc (Zn) were 5.10±0.64 (rain) and 5.16±0.27 (dry) mg/100g; magnesium (Mg) – 20.00±1.02 (rain) and 18.00±1.10 (dry) mg/100g and iron (Fe) - 3.03±0.40 (rain) and 2.59±0.39 (dry) mg/100g. There was no significant difference in Zn and Fe contents between seasons (p = 0.05), but the values for magnesium were significantly different (p = 0.05). This study indicated that Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, from Badagry creek, could be very useful as an alternative source of high-quality protein, energy, and mineral supply for human consumption and even for feed formulation for animals because they contain a considerable amount of trace metals.
[KS1]revise P value
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_149475_e586dacd29e5276a423f2c989f53a3cb.pdf
2020-12-01
981
994
10.21608/ejabf.2020.149475
Abayomi
A. Jimoh
1
AUTHOR
Abdulrafiu
O. Majolagbe
2
AUTHOR
Gabriel
O. Mekuleyi
3
AUTHOR
Edwin
O. Clarke
4
AUTHOR
Fatai
G. Owodeinde
5
AUTHOR
Ayofe
M. Hammed
6
AUTHOR
Prince
E. Ndimele
7
AUTHOR
Oluwaseun
O. Adeniji
8
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Farmed Versus Wild Fish Consumption in Relation to Fatty Acid Composition in the Kingdom of Bahrain
The benefits of fish consumption depend on the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5 n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6 n3) in the portion of fish consumed. This study was performed to compare some farmed (local and imported) fish species and some of the most consumed wild fish species in Bahrain markets in terms of n-3 (omega-3) and n-6 (omega-6) PUFAs, n-3/n-6 ratio, and EPA and DHA values. Lipid was extracted with a mixture of methanol: chloroform (1:1 v/v). It was converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) through the fatty acid methylation process, and then analyzed through gas chromatography (GC-FID). The results showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between wild and farmed fish in total n-3 PUFAs, but farmed fish was significantly higher than the wild (P<0.05) in total n-6 PUFAs concentration. Wild fish had significantly higher EPA and marginally higher DHA compared to farmed fish. The n-3/n-6 ratio was significantly higher (P<0.05) in wild fish compared to farmed fish. This study concluded that all the selected fish samples (wild and farmed) contain higher ratios of n-3/n-6 than the suggested optimal ratio (0.2). However, all wild sampled fishes (except for Greasy Grouper), included in the study, were potentially healthier for consumers as part of a regular well-balanced diet. Among wild fish samples, the top three richest fish in n-3 PUFAs that can be the favourite consumer’s choice at the Kingdom of Bahrain for health-promoting are Double bar Bream (Faskar), Spangled Emperor (Sha’ree), and Rabbitfish (Saffy). In contrast, the deficit in n-3 PUFAs content of farmed fish accounted for the reduction in their nutritional quality that may have resulted from poorly manufactured feed.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_151489_7d6ff9096da2db573cac2d4f59741a0c.pdf
2020-12-01
803
816
10.21608/ejabf.2020.151489
Sarah
Al-Asheeri
1
AUTHOR
Afnan
Freije
afreije@uob.edu.bh
2
AUTHOR
Simone
Perna
sperna@uob.edu.bh
3
AUTHOR