The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Effect of dietary replacement of yellow corn energy with culled sweet potato (as non traditional energy source) on growth performance,nutrients utilization and carcass traits of growing Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)117205710.21608/ejabf.2010.2057ENNabil Abd El-HakimAL-Azhar university, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, Egypt.Ahmed FahimAL-Azhar university, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, Egypt.Mohamed Al-desoki,AL-Azhar university, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20170403The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporation of culled inedible sweet potato root (as non-traditional energy source) to replace yellow corn energy in growing mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)<br />diets on the fish performance, nutrients utilization, whole body composition and carcass traits. The study was carried out in concrete ponds (7.5m length × 2.25m width × 0.70m water depth). Each pond was divided by fine nets into three equal parts (2.5 × 2.25 × 0.70m each) to represent four treatments; the control (CSP0); the 25 (CSP25); 50 (CSP50) and 100% (CSP100) culled sweet potato, respectively. Each dietary treatment was carried out in triplicates and the<br />treatments were stocked with Nile tilapia fry (0.31 g initial weight) at a rate of 20 fish / m3 i.e. 80 fish in each replicate. The experimental diets were formulated to be iso nitrogenus and iso caloric and contained about 33% crude protein and<br />4500 kcal GE/kg. The experimental diets were fed at daily rates of 30; 10; 6 and 4 % of the fish biomass for fish weight from start to 1g; 1-5g; 5-20g and 20g respectively till the end of the experiment after 22 weeks. The experimental diets<br />were offered in equal portions at 9am; 11am; 1 pm and 3pm respectively. Results obtained are summarized in the following: 1- Culled sweet potato contained 92.5; 6.1; 1.0; 4.6; 3.87 and 76.93 % dry mater;<br />crude protein; crude fat; ash; crude fiber and NFE, respectively. It contained<br />3671 kcal growth energy / kg.<br />2- Incorporation of culled sweet potato to replace 100% of yellow corn energy<br />improved significantly final weight and weight gain compared to the 25 CSP and<br />the control group. Replacement of yellow corn energy with CSP at all tested<br />levels released no significant effects on condition factor and survival rate.<br />3- Incorporation of CSP at 50 and 100 % levels to replace yellow corn energy in<br />Nile tilapia diets showed similar insignificant feed conversion ratio compared to<br />the control group, however both levels improved significantly the protein<br />efficiency ratio compared to the 25% replacement level. CSP at all tested levels<br />had no significant effects on energy utilization compared to the control group.
4- Incorporation of CSP released significant effects on dressing; head; byproducts<br />and flesh percentages compared to the control group.<br />5- Replacement of yellow corn energy with CSP at 25; 50 and 100% levels had<br />no significant effects on whole body chemical composition.<br />6- Replacement of yellow corn energy with CSP energy reduced the costs of one<br />kg gain in weight by 4.67 and 1.24% for the CSP50 and CSP100 compared to<br />the control group, respectively; while CSP at 25% level increased the production<br />costs of one kg gain in weight by 5.72 % compared to the control group.<br />Based on the obtained results, it could be concluded that culled sweet<br />potato can replace 50 to 100% of yellow corn energy without adverse effects on<br />growth performance, feed utilization parameters with the advantage of reducing<br />the costs of 1000 Kg gross energy.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Effect of fresh or dried garlic as a natural feed supplement on growth performance and nutrients utilization of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticas)1938205810.21608/ejabf.2010.2058ENNabil Abdel-HakimAL-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, EgyptMohamed LashinAL-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, EgyptAhmed AshryAL-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, EgyptAL-Desoki Al-AzabAL-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production,
Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170403he present investigation aimed to study the effect of dietary fresh or dried garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets at different levels, on growth performance, nutrients utilization,<br />carcass traits and whole bodies' chemical composition. The study was performed in four concrete ponds (7.5 × 2.25 × 0.70 m). All experimental ponds were divided into four partitions with a water volume of each partition of 3 m3 (1.875 × 2.25 × 0.70 m). The experiment included five dietary treatments i.e the control (C); treatment 2 fed on the basal diet supplemented with 5g. fresh garlic/kg diet (FG5); treatment 3 supplemented with fresh garlic at 3g/kg (FG3) and treatments 4 and 5 supplemented with dried garlic at levels of 5 and 3g/kg (DG5) and (DG3), respectively. Fresh and dried garlic were supplemented to the basal diet and mixed with the basal diet thoroughly. Each dietary treatment was applied in triplicates and stocked with healthy mono-sex Nile tilapia fry (0.26g initial weight) at a rate of 60 fry each replicate i.e 20 fry / m3. The basal diet was formulated to contain about 33% crud protein and 4500 kcal gross energy. The experimental diets were fed at daily rates of 30; 10; 6 and 4% of the fish biomass<br />for fish weights from 0.26 to 1g; 1-5g; 5-20g and 20g till the end of the experiment after 22 weeks, respectively. The experimental diets were offered daily in equal parts at 9am; 11am; 1pm and 3pm, respectively.<br />Results obtained are summarized in the following:<br />1- The highest (P<0.05) final weights (90.02g); total weight gain (89.76g); daily<br />weight gain (0.58g); specific growth rate (3.81) and survival rate 93.89% were<br />recorded with the group fed on the basal diet supplemented with fresh garlic at<br />3g/kg level, while the lowest value (P<0.05) was recorded by the control unsupplemented<br />group. All garlic supplemented groups recorded significantly<br />higher condition factor compared to the control group.<br />2- The group fed on the diet supplemented with dried garlic (5g/kg) recorded<br />significantly the best feed conversion ratio; protein efficiency ratio and protein<br />productive value; while the control group recorded the worst value of the tested<br />feed utilization parameters.<br />3- Garlic supplementation of Nile tilapia diets released significant effects on<br />dressing percentages for the favor of dried garlic at levels 5 and 3g/kg while the
control group recorded the lowest (P<0.05) value, garlic supplementation<br />showed significant effects on by-products; flesh percentages and hepato somatic<br />index.<br />4- Supplementation of Nile tilapia diets with fresh or dried garlic had no<br />significant effects on moisture; dry matter and ash contents of fish whole bodies,<br />while it released significant effects on the whole body protein and fat compared<br />to the control group.<br />5- Dietary fresh or dried garlic supplementation showed significant effects on<br />tilapia serum total protein; total albumen; total globulin and total lipids.<br />6- Supplementing Nile tilapia diets with fresh garlic at levels of 5 or 3g/kg and<br />dried garlic at levels of 5 or 3g/kg reduced the costs of production one kg of fish<br />gain by 6.39; 6.02; 9.72 and 6.05% compared to the control group, respectively.<br />Based on the present results, supplementation of growing Nile tilapia diets<br />with dried garlic at 5g/kg diet level is recommended to achieve better growth<br />performance; feed utilization and to reduce the costs of production of one<br />kg/gain in weight.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Some biological aspects of the portunid crab Charybdis natator from the Gulf of Suez, Red sea3951205910.21608/ejabf.2010.2059ENWafaa SallamDepartment of Marine Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,
Egypt.Ali Gab-AllaBiology Department, Faculty of Science, Um Al Qura University,
Makkah Al Mukarramah, Kingdom of SaudiJournal Article20170403The population of the portunid crab Charybdis natator in the Gulf of Suez,Red Sea was studied by monthly sampling from September 2007 to May 2008. Crabs were sexed, measured and berried females recorded. A total of 498<br />individuals were obtained, of which 232 (46.6%) were males, 212 non-ovigerous females (42.5%), and 54 (10.9%) ovigerous females. The overall sex ratio (M:F) was (1:1.1) and females outnumbered females during September-November. The population showed sex differences in the size frequency distributions, with males reaching larger size than females (70-148.4mm and 47.5-130.5mm CW, respectively). Ovigerous females existed all year round and ranged in size between 83-118.4mm CW. Fecundity ranged from 45230 to 335529 eggs per female and was positively correlated with body size. The effectiveness of the closed season that runs in the Gulf of Suez on the population of C. natator was<br />discussed.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Influence of different dietary protein levels and feeding frequencies on growth performance and feed utilization of the Giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii with the Nile tilapia, Oreochromus niloticus in polyculture5367206110.21608/ejabf.2010.2061ENAshraf GodaFish Nutrition Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and
Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt.Wafaa MohamedFish Nutrition Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and
Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt.Shaimaa HebalahFish Nutrition Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and
Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt.Nagy El-BermaweyDepartment of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture
(Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Egypt.Journal Article20170403An 84-day experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two dietary protein levels 30 & 35% CP & three feeding frequencies 2, 3 & 4 times a day (8:0 and 11.0 h), (8.0, 11.0 and 14.0 h) and (8.0, 11.0, 14.0 and 17.0 h) on<br />growth performance and feed utilization of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii with the Nile tilapia, Oreochromuis niloticus fry in a polyculture system. The experiment was conducted in small-scale hapas, 3.75<br />m-3 each in triplicates. Irrespective of polyculture system, prawn PL fed diet containing 35% CP 4 times a day had significant (P≤0.05) the highest final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate(SGR) and best feed<br />conversion ratio (FCR) values among all treatments. Meanwhile, the Nile tilapia fed on diet containing 35% CP at 2 times/day recorded the highest significant FBW, WG, and best FCR among all treatments. The highest significant total<br />biomass weight (kg hapa-1), and gain (kg hapa-1) and feed consumption (kg hapa- 1) were obtained for prawn and tilapia feed the diet containing 35% protein. No significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed for SGR, FCR and S among all experimental hapas. The same trend was recorded for the different feeding<br />frequencies. The highest values of the whole body CP, EE, ash and gross energy content were recorded for prawn fed on 30% diet at twice per day. No clear trend was observed for body composition of the Nile tilapia fry except for the<br />highest lipid content (P ≤ 0.05) recorded for the fish fed on 30% CP diet 2 times per day. The findings of the current trials revealed that, feeding frequency has a great effect on growth performance and feed utilization efficiency of the<br />freshwater prawn M. rosenbergii PL and the Nile tilapia fry. Feeding frequency 4 times per day for M. rosenbergii PL either 2 or 3 times per day for Nile tilapia fry is recommended under similar rearing condition to achieve best performance for both animals.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Impact of the freshwater operculate snail Melanoides tuberculata on Survival and Egg Production of the planorbid snail Bulinus truncates and on its transmission of Schistosoma haematobium Infection6978206210.21608/ejabf.2010.2062ENFouad YousifDepartment of Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Warrak El Hadar, Imbaba.Samia El BardicyDepartment of Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Warrak El Hadar, Imbaba.Abdalla IbrahimDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University,
Abbassiya, Cairo, Egypt.Setaita SleemDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University,
Abbassiya, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20170403The biological control of vector snails is an essential component in the fight against schistosomiasis. Melanoides tuberculata (Thiaridae: Prosobranchia) was evaluated experimentally for its impact on the survival, egg production, of<br />Bulinus truncatus, and its infection rate and cercarial production of Schistosoma haematobium. M. tuberculata has been proved to have a considerably negative effect on the survival and egg production of B. truncatus. The results show also<br />that this suppressive effect becomes much higher as the relative density of Melanoides to Bulinus snails was increased. Besides, this was associated with considerable decline of Bulinus egg production.<br />The rate of infection of Bulinus snails with S. haematobium was found to be significantly reduced by the presence of Melanoides during miracidial exposure of snails. The same was also observed if Melanoides was maintained<br />with miracidially exposed Bulinus throughout its life span. The rate of infection of Bulinus with S. haematobium and the cercarial production was much reduced in comparison with the control group and therefore the total periodic cercarial<br />production was reduced by 78.2%. The effects of Melanoides are additive and thus could lead to considerable depression in schistosomiasis transmission. This supports the utilization of Melanoides in the biocontrol of schistosomiasis in<br />Egypt.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Ecology of Avicennia marina mangals along Gulf of Aqaba, South Sinai, Red Sea7993206310.21608/ejabf.2010.2063ENAli Gab-AllaBiological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Um Al-Qura
University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Moustafa Fouda4- Natural Reserve Section, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency,
Cairo, Egypt.Waleed MorsyBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,
Ismailia, EgyptJournal Article20170403This study was conducted on a naturally growing mangrove population at Ras Mohammed and Nabq protected areas, South Sinai, during the period 2005- 2006. Avicennia marina is the only growing mangrove species in South Sinai. Its<br />structure, litterfall and seedling distribution were investigated. The total area ofmangrove stands is 99.1 hectares with 42% canopy coverage, average tree height is between 1.7 - 2.6 m, basal area up to 9.2 m2. ha-1. Ras Mohammed represents the densest stand (428 stems ha-1). An annual litterfall of 2036.7 Kg. ha-1. yr-1<br />was recorded at Rowaiseya with a maximum peak during April. Mangroves at Nabq area have well distribution of seedlings over Abu Zabad site and a localized dense aggregation of seedlings in intertidal areas at Monqataa and<br />Gharqana sites with a seedling density up to 1848 ha-1.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Phytoplankton population along certain Egyptian coastal regions of the Red Sea95109206410.21608/ejabf.2010.2064ENFedekar MadkourMarine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, EgyptMohsen El-SherbinyMarine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,
EgyptMaher AamerMarine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,
EgyptJournal Article20170403Surface phytoplankton samples were collected at eight sites along certain Egyptian coasts of the Red Sea located at the southern of Sinai Peninsula and the two gulfs (Gulf of Suez and Gulf of Aqaba). Qualitative and quantitative<br />estimation of phytoplankton species were conducted seasonally during the period from autumn 2007 to summer 2008. The phytoplankton population was fairly diversified (181 species) comprised mainly two groups; dinoflagellates<br />(116 species) and diatoms (60 species). The dominant genera, in terms of the number of species, were Ceratium, Protoperidinium, Dinophysis and Gonyaulax for dinoflagellates, while Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia and Nitzschia for diatoms.<br />The phytoplankton standing crop was relatively low with and average seasonal density of 1.4-7.7×103 individual/l, reflecting the oligotrophic conditions of this area. The phytoplankton abundance showed one peak in summer when<br />Hemiaulus hauckii (9×103 individual/l) from diatoms and Trichodesmium spp. (3×103 individual/l) from blue-green algae comprised the main bulk of the phytoplankton standing crop. Relatively high production of different species<br />appeared at different sites during specific season, such as Nitzschia closterium,Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Rhizosolenia alata and R. calcar-avis. On the other hand, there were relatively low variations in phytoplankton composition the along study area. Spatial distribution of phytoplankton showed that Gulf of<br />Suez differes in the dominant species and timing of abundance from both Gulf of<br />Aqaba and the southern sites of Sinai Peninsula.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501Validated age and growth estimates of two clam species in a saltwater lake on the Suez Canal in Egypt111126206610.21608/ejabf.2010.2066ENRaouf KiladaDepartment of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Egypt.Journal Article20170403This is the first time to document the validated age and growth estimates for two clam species; Ruditapes decussatus, and Gafrarium pectinatum in Lake Timsah, which is a salt water lake on the Suez Canal in Egypt. Age validation<br />for the two species was done to confirm the annual deposition of each growth increments on the shell surface and was conducted using the edge analysis method. Age validation of these two species showed that the period of the major<br />growth was summer, while the slower growth was documented in winter. The age of the two species was determined by counting the growth increments on the shell surface. Maximum age for R. decussatus (4 y) and G. pectinatum (3 y)<br />were recorded in a 37.2 mm and 42.1 mm in the two species, respectively. Also, length frequency analysis using FiSAT was used to confirm the number of year classes (age) in the two species. The von Bertalanffy Growth Parameters; L∞, k<br />and to, were 40.4 mm, 0.268 and -1.11y for R. decussatus and 36.3 mm, 0.81 and 0.05 y for G. pectinatum. Besides age, the morphometric characters of the two species were discussed. The results of this study will help in better fisheries and ecosystem management.The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114220100501أثر استبدال الذره الصفراء بناتج فرز جذور البطاطا کمصدر غير تقليدي للطاقه علي أداء النمو والکفاءه الغذائيه وکذلک الصفات العامه لأسماک البلطي النيلي17206710.21608/ejabf.2010.2067ENJournal Article20170403