The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101Studies on epizootic microsporidiosis in wild dusky grouper(Epinephelus guaza) from Mediterranean sea at Matrouh Governorate, Egypt112204810.21608/ejabf.2010.2048ENMohamed Marzouk1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityOlfat AnterFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityMohamed AliFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityMahmoud MahmaudFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityAmany KenawyNational Reasearch Center, Dokki, Gizza, EgyptJournal Article20170403This study was carried out on 476 wild marine Dusky Grouper (Epinephelus guaza), captured from the West North shore of Mediterranean Sea at Matrouh Governorate from Sept. 2005 to Sept. 2006. The total prevalence of microsporidia among wild Epinephelus guaza fish was found to be 301 (63.23 %). The investigated fish, revealed the presence of cyst-like nodules ( xenomas, 2-4 mm. in diameter) in the gill arches. Each gill arch was infected with (1-5)<br />xenomas and up to 30 nodules per fish. The recovered spores of Glugea anomala appeared as thick walled, uni-nucleated, pear-oval in shape with large vacuole. They measured (3-4 μm) in width and (5-6 μm) in length. The highest<br />prevalence (82.9%) was recorded in summer, while the lowest one (30.33%) was recorded in winter. Presently, the highest infection rate (88.8%) with Glugea anomala was recorded among fish with 200-250g body weight, while<br />the lowest one (43.3%) was recorded among fish of 100-150g body weight. The main histopathological alteration in gills was destruction of gill filaments with degenerative changes and infiltration of mononuclear leukocytes. The water<br />parameters revealed the highest pH (7.3), chloride value (240 mg/L) and the total hardness (290 mg/L) in summer, while the lowest pH (5.7) and the total hardness (217mg/L) were recorded in winter, but the lowest chloride value (122<br />mg/L) was recorded in autumn.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2048_4403287e75c900b30b594f51f0abd008.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101Effect of replacing soybean meal protein with jojoba seed meal in diets of growing mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochormis niloticus) on growth performance and nutrient utilization1326204910.21608/ejabf.2010.2049ENNabil Abd El-HakimDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, El -Azhar Univ. Cairo,
Egypt.Mohamed LashinDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, El -Azhar Univ. Cairo,
Egypt.Hayam TonsyAnimal Production Researcher Institute, Agricult. Research Center, Dokki, Giza,
Egypt.Samay MohmoudAnimal Production Researcher Institute, Agricult. Research Center, Dokki, Giza,
Egypt.Mostafa SayedAnimal Production Researcher Institute, Agricult. Research Center, Dokki, Giza,
Egypt.Journal Article20170403The study aimed to investigate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM)protein by treated Jojoba seed meal (JSM) in diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, carcass traits, body chemical composition and digestibility of nutrients of Nile tilapia,reared under semi-intensive conditions in fiber glass tanks. The experimental tanks (1m x 2m x 0.5m) each contains one m3 water volume, were used in this study. The three tanks represented three dietary treatments, the first tank served as a control, where the experimental fish were fed on the control diet containing soybean meal (SBM) as a source of plant protein with fish meal as a source of animal protein. Fish of the second and third tanks were fed on diets containing the Jojoba seed meal (JSM) to replace 25 and 50% of SBM protein, respectively. The experimental tanks were stocked with Nile tilapia fingerlings at a density of<br />50 individuals in each tank. The experimental period lasted 18 weeks after start. The initial weight of the experimental fish ranged between 7.20 ± 0.09 g and 7.5 ± 0.08 g and they were allotted randomly into the experimental tanks. The<br />experimental rations contained 30% crude protein and 4500 kcal gross energy/kg diet and the experimental diets were formulated to be almost isonitrogenous isocaloric. The experimental diets were fed at a rate of 3% of tank fish biomass 6 days a week, in two portions, at 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.The results of this study revealed that, the highest (P<0.05) final weights, specific growth rate, protein and nutrient utilization were recorded by JSM 25% group followed by the control group and the JSM 50% groups, respectively. The same trend was observed in apparent digestibility coefficients.<br />Therefore, these results suggest that up to 25% of soybean meal can be replaced by treaded Jojoba seed meal protein in Nile tilapia diets without any adverse effect on growth performance, feed and protein utilization, body composition<br />and digestibility of nutrients.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2049_e59651225571e7ff073c542aa1d62b72.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101Biochemical and Bacteriological properties of fresh and frozen sold cephalopods in the Egyptian market.2742205010.21608/ejabf.2010.2050ENHowaida GabrDepartment of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,
Egypt.Journal Article20170403Various cephalopods are available for seafood consumers in the Suez Canal area either caught from the Suez Canal and stored in ice during transporting and marketing or imported and sold frozen in retail market. The lower price of<br />imported cephalopods compared with the fresh ones makes it more demanded by consumers, restaurants and hotels. The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality and safety of fresh/chilled squid (Uroteuthis duvauceli) and cuttlefish<br />(Sepia pharaonis) compared to frozen imported squid in the Egyptian market through chemical, biochemical and bacteriological analyses. The chemical analysis revealed that the mantle tissue pH, volatile base nitrogen (VBN) and<br />trimethylamine (TMA) in frozen squid were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in fresh/chilled samples. The biochemical analysis showed that the crude protein content (% dry weight) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) (14.2±0.73%) in frozen samples than that in fresh squid and cuttlefish (17.25±0.41% &<br />19.95±0.55% respectively). The total lipid content was generally low, ranging from 0.39 – 1.77% in all samples. Most of saturated fatty acid content of the three samples was presented as C16:0, monounsaturated fatty acid content as<br />C18:1 and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, C22:6n-3). EPA and DHA contents were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in frozen squid than in fresh<br />samples. The major essential amino acids (EAA) in the three samples were lysine, arginine, and leucine. The major non-essential amino acids (NEAA) were glutamic acid, aspartic acid and glycine. EAA and NEAA values were<br />significantly lower (P < 0.05) in frozen squid than in fresh cuttlefish. Bacteriological results suggest that hydrogen sulphide producing bacteria constituted a significant proportion of the total spoilage flora in frozen samples,<br />while Pseudomonas sp. constituted a major part of the spoilage flora of fresh samples. An overall look into the data obtained showed that there might be significant health hazards to humans from consuming imported frozen squid<br />besides its much lower nutritional value than fresh samples.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2050_55ee13ac8c45c41ed282350799efc42f.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101Physico-chemical characteristics of Suez Bay water during 2006-20074357205110.21608/ejabf.2010.2051ENMohamed HamedNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, EgyptYosry SolimanNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, EgyptAida SolimanSuez Canal University, Faculty of ScienceAhmed KhodirSuez Canal University, Faculty of ScienceFatma HusseinEl- Safa Medical Center, Health affairs, Suez, EgyptJournal Article20170403Surface and bottom water samples were collected seasonally from eight stations at Suez Bay during the period from spring 2006 to winter 2007. Water temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and<br />dissolved inorganic phosphate were determined in each sample. The results indicated that, the annual mean range of concentration of these parameters for the surface water were 22.00-23.00°C, 8.10-8.28, 41.16-42.22‰, 8.76-10.17<br />mgO2/l, 1.54-3.23 μM NO2-N/l, 6.77-17.85 μM NO3-N/l, 3.59-12.13 μM NH3- N/l and 0.44-2.56 μM PO4-P/l respectively. The corresponding values for bottom water were 21.50-22.38°C,8.12-8.19,41.11-41.86 ‰,8.58-9.53 mg 02/l,<br />1.72-3.23 μM NO2-N/l, 5.25-16.32 μM NO3-N/l, 2.79-8.89 μM NH3-N/l and 0.35-2.12 μM PO4-P/l respectively. Generally, the present data indicated that the concentration of the measured parameters were relatively high at the northwestern<br />coast of the Bay and decreased eastward (Sinai side). This reflects the high intensive disposal of sewage and industrial effluents in the western and north-western parts of the Bay.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2051_ef94311e8b9d6a1598082482f3e4fd5b.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101OProduction of salinity tolerant Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus through traditional and modern breeding methods: 1- Application of interspecific hybridization with blue tilapia,Oreochromis aureus as traditional method5774205310.21608/ejabf.2010.2053ENSamy El-ZaeemAnimal and Fish Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Saba-Bacha,
Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Mohamed SalamaAnimal and Fish Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Saba-Bacha,
Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Hamad El-MaremieAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Omar
Almokhtar University, Al-Bayda, Libya.Journal Article20170403This study was conducted to produce a salinity tolerant Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus through interspecific hybridization with Oreochromis aureus. Growth performance, proximate body composition, feed utilization,<br />body amino acid profile and some reproductive characteristics of the offspring produced under different salinity levels were evaluated. The results revealed that the productive performance traits of (♀ O. niloticus x ♂ O. aureus) and (♀ O.<br />aureus x ♂ O. niloticus) had significant superiority (P≤0.05) in most of these traits at freshwater, 16 ppt and 32 ppt compared to either O. niloticus or O. aureus. Most of the productive performance traits of O. niloticus, (♀ O. niloticus<br />x ♂ O. aureus) and (♀ O. aureus x O. niloticus ♂) had significantly decreased (P≤0.05) with increasing salinity levels. Moreover, O. aureus showed more salinity tolerance and significant superiority (P≤0.05) of feed utilization and<br />survival rate at salinity level of 32 ppt compared with the other genotypes of fish<br />at the same salinity level.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2053_fbf1fbce38f1f872422bdfe39fa2eb02.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101Impact of Water Level Fluctuation on Water Quality and Trophic State of Lake Nasser and its Khors, Egypt.7586205410.21608/ejabf.2010.2054ENMahmoud HeikalWater Research Center, Nile Research Institute, El Kanater El Khayria, EgyptJournal Article20170403The morophometric configuration of lakes or reservoirs plays an important role in their water quality variations. The morophometry of Lake Nasser is characterized by the presence of many dendritic side extensions known as side<br />channels or Khors. The surface area, depth and shape of these Khors depend upon the water level upstream the Aswan High Dam (AHD). In the last decade, the water level upstream the Dam fluctuated from about 181m ASL during year 2001 to about 174 m ASL during year 2005.This Fluctuation of water level from year to year<br />affects water quality status of the Lake and its Khors due to the change of their morophometric configuration. To study the effect of water level fluctuation, four main important Khors characterized by gentle slope and sandy bottom with different size were selected. These Khors are Kalabsha, El-Alaki, Toushka, and Sara at Km,<br />41, 91, 247, and 325 from AHD respectively. The main goal for the present study is<br />to assess the quality of water in the main Khors of Lake Nasser and its main channel<br />during periods of low and high water levels (years 2001 and 2005 respectively). This<br />assessment explores the potential pollution hazards coming from these Khors to the<br />whole Lake. To achieve this goal water quality data generated from the analysis of<br />water samples collected from the Khors and main channel during high and low<br />water levels were used to calculate the water quality and trophic state indices as well<br />as determination of the limiting nutrient factor of the lake. The abundances of<br />Phytoplankton were also considered. The results of the water quality index (WQI)<br />calculations during this study showed that the drop in Lake water levels led to a<br />decline in the water quality of the Lake and Khors from the order of good to<br />medium. Also, the trophic state index (TSI) values revealed that the productivity of<br />the Lake changed from mesotrophic during high water level to eutrophic during low<br />water level. These results are consistent with high phytoplankton counts recorded<br />during low water level period. The values of N/P ratios indicated that phosphorus<br />controls the phytoplankton growth during high water level, while during low water<br />level either phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N) could be limiting phytoplankton growth.<br />Based on the obtained results of the present study, it could be concluded that the<br />drop in water level upstream the dam may have negative impact on the water<br />Quality of the Khors. This impact may in turn influence the whole Lake due to water<br />rebounce from the Khors to the main channel. Therefore, it is further concluded that<br />khors could be considered as potential pollution sources during low water levels of<br />the lake.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2054_3154354fde3ee9d0e97c66e833c7f108.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101Anatomical and histological studies on the male reproductive system of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.87100205510.21608/ejabf.2010.2055ENAbd El-Halim SaadZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo,
Egypt.Montaser HassanZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo,
Egypt.Journal Article20170403The male reproductive system of Procambarus clarkii consists of two milky white testes; each one consists of anterior and posterior portions. The two testes are separated anteriorly and united posteriorly. A collecting duct arises<br />from each testis. These ducts meet together at the middle point between the anterior and posterior testes, from this point; a long coiled, thread-like vas deferens extends. It is tubular and white in colour. The right one is longer,<br />thicker and coiled, while the left one is shorter transparent and not coiled. Both the left and right vasa deferentia extend posteriorely to open with the male gonopore on the last thoracic appendages. Histologically, the testis consists of<br />acini in which stages of spermatogenesis occur. Spermatides pass to the collecting tubules, where they become mature sperm and packed in a spermatophore in the vas deferens. The wall of the collecting tubules consists of<br />simple cuboidal cells. The vas deferens is divided into two regions; the glandular and ejaculatory regions. The first is lined with secretory columnar epithelium, while the second has a muscular wall of longitudinal and circular muscles and<br />lined with single layer of ciliated columnar epithelium.https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2055_1bc1597a0d5a647f040ba35c40ba9dc9.pdfThe Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries1110-613114120100101دراسات وبائيه عن العدوي بطفيلي الميکروسبوريديا في أسماک الوقار بابحر المتوسط مطروح,مصر17205610.21608/ejabf.2010.2056ENJournal Article20170403https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_2056_ba53701a646c93eca57d87d01e964b10.pdf