The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
01
First record of an intermediate snail host; Thiara scabra (O. F. muller, 1774) of the lung (Paragonomus) and intestinal (Haplorchris) Flukes in Qena Province, Egypt.
1
10
EN
Ahmed S.
Moustafa
Elamier H. M.
Hussien
10.21608/ejabf.2018.7977
This research establishes a new record of the freshwater Thiarid snail, <em>Thiara scabra</em>, collected from the River Nile and its branches at Qena governorate, Upper Egypt. The shell varies in size and form, pale brown in color with reddish - brown patches or spots arranged on the whole whorls. It has an elongated turreted shell with a high spire of 8½ whorls that regularly increase in size and descending step - like with distinct sutures. Whorls are often shouldered from above and rounded from below. A row of spines, sculptured with vertical ribs, bearing prominent spines directed obliquely outward are found at the beginning of each whorl. Its surface shows a rough spiral striation. On the body, a whorl near the umbilical region striation of strong ridge can be seen. The umbilicus is closed. The most proximal three spires are found to be eroded. Aperture is almost vertical, oval, pointed above, and rounded below. The peristome is not continuous. The two ends are connected by a white callus against the penultimate whorl; exterior margin sinuous projects forward with a round curve in the middle; it recedes in the upper end and lower part and its basal margin is somewhat channeled. Operculum is a horny dark brown; the nucleus is eccentrical as it is at the left lower corner. Growth lines fan out to the tip and to the side of the operculum. The soft parts show the usual parts of the gastropod body, which are the head, foot and the visceral mass. The head and foot of the active snail can be seen protruding out of the shell. The pallial organs are typically like thiarids in form and position.
Gastropoda,Thiaridae,Thiara scabra,Intermediate host,lung fluke,Intestinal fluke,Egypt
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7977.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7977_c553c6c5af929ebaa1fcec55b1f7bf46.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
01
The impact of live food enrichment on the growth performance and survival rate of thin-lipped mullet, Liza ramada larvae
11
25
EN
Noha
A. Khalil
Hassan
M. M. Khalaf-Allah
Mohamed
F. Kora
Ibrahim
A. Hegazy
10.21608/ejabf.2018.7978
The feeding success of <em>Liza ramada</em> larvae at early developmental stages depends on the provision of suitable food and rearing environment and on the visibility and adequate density of the prey. In the present study, the suitability of the marine enriched rotifers, <em>Brachionus plicatilis</em> as a starter food followed by enriched <em>Artemia</em> nauplii and their effects on the growth performanceand survival ratewere investigated for rearing of <em>Liza ramada</em> larvae.
Induced spawning of mature<em> Liza ramada</em> breeders was done to produce the larvae. After hatching, the larvae were stocked at a density of 20 larvae/l in 50-l glass aquaria, under different feeding conditions for three periods; green water conditions; with <em>Nannochloropsis oculata</em> (2.5×10<sup>5</sup> cells/ml) for 7 days, rotifers (8–10 individuals/ml) for 28 days and <em>Artemia salina</em>nuplii (4–6 individuals/ml) for 28 days. Four groups were applied for both rotifers and <em>Artemia</em>; green water conditions with rotifers or <em>Artemia</em> enriched with<em> N. oculata</em>or yeast and clear water conditions with rotifers or <em>Artemia</em> enriched with<em> N. oculata</em> or yeast.
The results showed improvement in growth and survival rates of <em>Liza ramada</em> larvae fed on green water with <em>Brachionus plicatilis</em> or <em>Artemia</em><em> salina</em> enriched with <em>N. oculata</em> at the end of 7<sup>th</sup>day, 35<sup>th</sup>day and 63<sup>rd</sup>day post-hatching, respectively. This indicates that the algae<em> N. oculata</em> is essential not only for feeding requirement of larvae at first feeding but also for water quality improvement. Larval wet weight varied significantly between the treatments. However, the final length of the larvae did not vary significantly between the treatments.
In conclusion, the presence of green algae<em> Nannochloropsis oculata</em>during <em>Liza ramada</em> larval rearing, in water or as enrichment media for live food, is essential not only for growth performance but also for raising survival rate.
Liza ramada,Growth performance,Brachionus plicatilis,Nannochloropsis oculata,Live food
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7978.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7978_4f73a921995c1601ce0c680db722305c.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
01
Structural and Ultrastructural investigation on the digestive tubules of the freshwater mussel Caelatura parreyssi (Family: Unionidae) (Philippi, 1848) from the River Nile (Egypt).
27
39
EN
Ilham R.
Awad
10.21608/ejabf.2018.7979
The current investigation is concerning with the studying of the histology and ultrastructure of the digestive gland of the freshwater bivalve <em>Caelatura parreyssi</em> using light and transmission electron microscopes. This study was carried out on ten healthy clams, which were collected from the River Nile in Egypt. The specimens were dissected and small pieces of the digestive gland were selected out and processed for histological and ultrastructural examinations. The histological results revealed that the digestive gland of <em>C. parreyssi</em> is composed of numerous tubules, which are separated by connective tissues. Three types of cells were identified lined the digestive tubules; the digestive, excretory and crypt cells. Concerning the ultrastructural examination, digestive vesicles of different stages were seen that represent the characteristic features of the digestive cells. Excretory cells were distinguished by their excretory granules, whereas crypt cells showed spherules of calcium, which areconsidered also as characteristic ultrastructural feature.
In conclusion, the present study revealed that the digestive gland of the freshwater bivalve <em>Cealatura parreyssi</em> has many functions covering the digestion, secretion and excretion processes. Moreover, it has a detoxification role.
Unionid mussel,Caelatura parreyssi,digestive tubules,structure,Ultrastructure
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7979.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7979_5c2dce7f09c66f90329f3c2b98952126.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
01
Quality criteria of Mullet fillets (Mugil cephalus) storage at 4±1°C under modified atmosphere packaging.
41
49
EN
Safwat
Abd El-Ghafour
Alaa
S. Mohamad
Alaa
E. Khattab
10.21608/ejabf.2018.7980
This study was conducted to compare the effect of four package systems on quality criteria of mullet’s fish fillets stored at 4±1°C for 18 days. Modified atmosphere packaging (MP1, 60% CO<sub>2</sub> \ 35 % N<sub>2</sub> \ 5 % O<sub>2</sub> and MP2, immersing fillets in sodium chlorides solution prior to package with the same condition of MP1) suppressed (p<0.05)the growth of total count and psychrophilic bacterial when compared with aerobic (AP) and vacuum package (VP). During storage period aerobic package taken the highest physicochemical, microbial load and the lowest sensory scores. Likewise, MP1 and MP2had lowertotal volatile basic nitrogen, Trimethy lamine nitrogen, Thiobarbituric acid and microbial loadcompared toaerobic package samples (p<0.05). However, MP2 showed exudate loss lower than MP1. Thiobarbituric acids of the samples kept VP were lower compared to other condition package in the same time. Overall acceptability of MP1, MP 2 and VPsamples were accepted during storageof fifteen, eighteen and twelve days, respectively. While, aerobic package samples had the acceptability six days only. Therefore, MP2 was a best choice for extending the shelf-life and maintained the quality of mullet’s fish fillets.
Mugil cephalus,Mullet fillets,Modified Atmosphere,packaging,Quality Criteria
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7980.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7980_d9898b320b2a9df7733ec7e9e0221c5e.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
01
Oxidative stress and histomorphological markers in the offspring of Poecilia reticulata maternally exposed to metallic and nanoformulated copper
51
60
EN
Hamdy
A. M. Soliman
Sohair
M. M. Ragab
10.21608/ejabf.2018.7981
The goal of present study is to determine whether metals or nanomaterials are transferred from exposed pregnant females of viviparous fishes to their developing offspring and the subsequent potential effects on the oxidative stress and histomorphological indicators. Gravid females of guppies (<em>Poecilia reticulata</em>) exposed to 1 mg/l copper sulfate (CuSO<sub>4</sub>) or copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) for 17 to 25 days depending on giving birth. Once a female gave birth, the female and her newborn offspring were analyzed for copper concentrations while some oxidative stress parameters and histopathology were performed for the newborn offspring. There were no malformations or histopathological lesions observed in the newborn offspring of guppies exposed for either CuSO<sub>4 </sub>or CuO-NPs. Also, there was no maternal metal transfer for either CuSO<sub>4</sub> or CuO-NPs while females exposed to copper sulfate only showed significantly higher concentrations of Cu compared to control group. In addition, there were non-significant changes in catalase compared to control group. While, glutathione decreased significantly in offspring their mothers exposed to CuO-NPs only compared to control group. In addition, superoxide radical and lipid peroxidation increased significantly in offspring their mothers exposed to CuSO<sub>4</sub>only compared to control group.
The findings of the present study indicated that the offspring were more sensitive to CuSO<sub>4</sub> than CuO-NPs. Although absence of metal Cu in the tissues of offspring as well as lack of morphological abnormalities and histopathology, maternal transfer of Cu metabolites may be suggested to be the causative factor for some oxidative stress.
Maternal transfer,copper oxide nanoparticles,copper sulfate,Poecilia reticulate,Oxidative Stress,histopathology
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7981.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7981_eab8bab0cbaecac3a0bd1d075f8a9b9e.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
01
Does feeding African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus vinegar-immersed poultry viscera affect its growth performance, hygienic status and pathogenic bacterial load?
61
76
EN
Mohamed
M. Toutou
mtoutou50t@yahoo.com
Ali A.
Soliman
Heba
E. Abd Elnabi
Ahmed
E. Abouelwafa
Mohamed
M. Abdel Rahim
10.21608/ejabf.2018.7982
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing commercial feed with vinegar-immersed poultry viscera on growth performance, physiological status and bacterial load of the catfish, <em>Clarias gariepinus</em>. Fish were fed on a commercial diet (T1), poultry viscera (T2) and poultry viscera immersed in commercial vinegar (T3). Catfish with an average body weight of 520g were stocked in circular fiberglass tanks each of 2 m<sup>3</sup> water volume for 98 days. Water quality parameters, growth performance, feed utilization, flesh composition, serum analysis and bacterial load of feed, water and fish, were measured. Ammonia content in rearing water decreased significantly in T3 compared to T2. There were not any significant differences detected (P>0.05) in survival and growth performance, while significant (P≤0.05) differences in feed utilization and whole-body composition were detected among treatments. The quality indices of fish in terms of flesh composition were in favor of T3. A decrease in the serum’s total protein and albumin and an increase in the serum’s globulin and cholesterol levels were observed when fish was fed on poultry viscera only. Pathogenic bacterial load in feed, rearing water and fish intestine were at their lowest limit in T3. This study shows that <em>C. gariepinus</em> can feed on poultry viscera immersed in commercial vinegar as an alternative feedstuff source to commercial high-priced feed. The ecological impacts of treating environmentally hazardous by-products, like poultry viscera and converting it to a high value by-product are a matter of interest for both aquaculurists and environmentalists alike. More research work is needed to take advantage of the current results in a commercially applicable scale.
catfish,Clarias gariepinus,Poultry Viscera,ammonia,Growth performance,serum constituents,Bacterial,load
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7982.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_7982_1fdc9f1fc2f8e2c29ad9c62b9f8696a2.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
25
Involvement of thyroid hormone in the intestine and liver development of the common sole (Solea solea L.) larvae
77
91
EN
Rania F.
Ismail
10.21608/ejabf.2018.8162
The role of thyroid hormone (TH) during fish larval development is well recognized particularly for flatfish as the common sole (<em>Solea solea</em>), while the consequences of thyroid homeostasis disruption during the larval-juvenile transitions are indistinct. To investigate these impacts, common sole newly hatched larvae were reared (triplicate) in four groups: the control group, the second is water-treated thyroxine (10 nM), the third and fourth groups were two doses goitrogen (perchlorate 30 and 100mg/L) for 30 days. By the end of exposure period, larval growth, survival, and whole body T4 and T3 were measured. In addition, thyroid follicles, intestine (intestinal fold height and goblet cell count) and liver were histologically examined. Exogenous Thyroxine significantly increased larval total length and number of goblet cells, and displayed larger thyroid follicles with more vacuoles, in addition to an increase in lipid accumulating hepatocytes. For goitrogen-treated fish groups, total weight, total length and survival significantly decreased and the 30 mg/L dose had more suppressive effect. The whole body T4 displayed significant decrease only for the goitrogen high dose, while no change was detected in the T3 content between treatments. Thyrocyte hypertrophy was observed in goitrogen-treated larvae groups and hepatocytes showed less lipid storage. Moreover, vacuoles between hepatocytes were detected for the high dose of goitrogen. These observations confirm the previously reported role of the TH in flatfish larvae development and growth. Moreover, the development and maintenance of both intestinal and hepatic tasks involve an intact thyroid endocrine axis.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8162.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8162_60a660bb62d72dc5701374d74e995be4.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
28
Checklist of phytoplankton species in the Egyptian Red Sea Coast of Hurghada
93
101
EN
Sara G.
Abbass
Fedekar F.
Madkour
Mohamed A.
Abu-El-Regal
10.21608/ejabf.2018.8167
Surface phytoplankton samples were collected at twelve stations of Hurghada coast of the Red Sea. Phytoplankton samples were conducted monthly during the period from August 2014 to July 2015. The phytoplankton population was diversified accounting 138 species which comprised mainly of two groups; dinoflagellates (67 species) and diatoms (64 species), and the rest of species (7 species) belong to other four groups. The dominant genera, in terms of the number of species, were <em>Tripos</em>, <em>Protoperidinium</em> and <em>Gonyaulax</em> for dinoflagellates, while <em>Chaetoceros</em>, <em>Rhizosolenia</em> for diatoms. The present study added 35 new records to the proper Red Sea. Of these species, 17 species of diatoms and 15 dinoflagellates in addition to two species of coccolithophores and one species of Chlorophyceae.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8167.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8167_6a40f0fe9394ce8ae9eda5aaec803878.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
18
A novel three dimensional Carbon Nanotube-polyethylene glycol-Polyvinyl alcohol Nanocomposite for Cu(II) removal from water
103
118
EN
Eman
Serag
d.emanserag@yahoo.com
Ahmed
El Nemr
0000-0002-5138-1494
ahmedmoustafaelnemr@yahoo.com
Shadia A.
Fathy
shadiafathy2000@yahoo.com
Fatma
F. Abdel Hamid
Azza
El-Maghraby
elmaghrabyazza@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejabf.2018.8234
Multiwall carbon nanotube-polyethylene glycol and poly vinyl<br />alcohol (MWCNTs-PEG-PVA) nanocomposite hydrogel was fabricated<br />and used for the Cu(II) ions removal from water with high efficiency. The<br />prepared nanocomposite hydrogel was characterized using Scanning<br />electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy<br />FTIR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer TGA and<br />mechanical properties. A series of systematic batch adsorption<br />experiments were conducted to study the adsorption property of<br />MWCNTs-PEG-PVA hydrogels prepared with different concentrations of<br />MWCNTs. Studying the effects of adsorption parameters such as pH,<br />contact time, and initial concentration were evaluated in a batch system.<br />The high adsorption capacity, easy regeneration and effective adsorption–<br />desorption results proved that the prepared MWCNTs-PEG-PVA<br />composite hydrogel could be an effective adsorbent in removing Cu(II) ion<br />from its aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacities were found<br />to be 645.1, 334.4, 238.09 and 185.09 mg g–1 for MWCNTs-PEG-PVA<br />hydrogel with 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.2 % MWCNTs, respectively at pH 6.<br />Isotherm studies revealed that Langmuir model well described the<br />equilibrium data of Cu(II) compared with Freundlich isotherm model.<br />Kinetics studies of Cu(II) adsorption followed pseudo-second order model.<br />The removal efficiency of the recycled MWCNTs-PEG-PVA hydrogel<br />was 79.3, 76.4, 73.8, 70.1 and 65.5 % for five cycles, which demonstrated<br />efficient reusability.<br />INTRODUCTION
MWCNTs,Polyvinyl Alcohol,polyethylene glycol,Wastewater,Hydrogel
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8234.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8234_6225dd450bd4cb9ce508bbc130c5ed2e.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
06
26
State of Seasonal Environmental Factors of the Hadhramout Coast, Gulf of Aden, Yemen
119
136
EN
Ali Attaala
Mukhaysin
Shavel
Inna I.
Bazar
Salem R.
Kurochkina
Tatyana F.
Nasibulina
Bogatoz M.
10.21608/ejabf.2018.8183
<span>The present study was conducted during the period from September 2009 to February 2011 to assess temporal and spatial changes in physico-chemical and biological parameters of Hadhramout coast. The investigation was carried out at 5 coastal stations; selected to represent the habitats of the Hadhramout Coast, at a distance of about 1.5 kilometers away from the beach. The results showed that the monthly and locality changes in the parameters were, to some extent, heterogeneous. They were varied as follows: water temperature</span><span class="hps"><span>ranged, as monthly average,</span></span><span> <span class="hps">from 25</span> °C <span class="hps">in</span> <span class="hps">Mukalla</span> <span class="hps">station in February</span> <span class="hps">to</span> <span class="hps">31</span>°C<span class="hps"> in Bir</span> <span class="hps">Ali</span> <span class="hps">in June</span> <span class="hpsatn">(</span>annual mean</span><span class="hps"><span>)</span></span><span class="hpsatn"><span>. </span></span><span>In general, the means of salinity were more stable, less heterogeneous</span><span>. <span>Mean of surface salinity of the coast in this study was ranging between (34.3 g/L) during the south-west monsoon to (36.4 mg/L) in the pre-winter monsoon (in the area of </span></span><span></span><span>Bir Ali).</span><span> Although a relative heterogeneity in the pH value among the stations, there is a general tendency to decrease during the months of the year towards the Southwestern Monsoon, especially in the area of Bir Ali and Broome. Mean of dissolved oxygen </span><span>value</span><span>(DO) in the surface water was 4.86 ± 0.08 mg / L after the summer Monsoon (October of Bir Ali station) to 6.8 + 0.21 Mg / l in winter monsoon (February of Shehir station).<span> The concentration of nutrients can clearly describe the Hadhramout Coast as a high biologically rich water body over most months of the year.</span> Changes of these parameters were discussed in details Turbidity in the coast was characterized by low values and an important spatio-temporal variability. The results point out that this coast contains more dissolved oxygen, more nutrients and fishes.</span>
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8183.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8183_f413d4160a27055fa45c843b938e52d8.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
07
01
Histological and biochemical studies on the effect of tetrodotoxin extracted from Puffer fish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice.
137
147
EN
Khalil
E. A.
Swelim
H. H.
Zaky
M. A.
10.21608/ejabf.2018.8342
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tetrodotoxin (TTX) extracted from puffer fish <em>Lagocephalus sceleratus</em> on hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>). Adult male albino mice were divided into four groups: 1) control group treated with saline; 2) CCl<sub>4</sub> group; 3) mice injected with 5 doses of TTX (1 µg/kg) and 4) mice injected with 5 doses of TTX (1 µg/kg) then treated with CCl<sub>4</sub> for 6 weeks. The results showed that injection with 5 doses of TTX extract significantly reduced the impact of CCl<sub>4</sub> toxicity on the serum markers of the liver, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and albumin (Alb). However, the biochemical results of TTX group were significantly different from the control group. On the other hand, the histologic examination of liver sections from mice given CCl<sub>4</sub> showed hyperplasia of bile ducts, excessive fibrosis in portal areas associated with detachment from parenchyma and lymphocytic infiltration<strong>. </strong>Other damaging features were microvesicular fatty change, pyknotic nuclei, karyolytic nuclei, irregular dilated sinusoids with active Kupffer cells and some hepatocytes showed necrosis. On the other hand, mice injected only with TTX showed an almost normal pattern with few random sites of hydropic degeneration. While the liver sections from TTX + CCl<sub>4</sub> group showed noticeable hydropic degeneration, lymphocyte infiltration, and hemorrhage especially in the portal area. However, no signs of fatty degeneration or excessive fibrosis were observed like those noticed in case of CCl4. Moreover, no signs of coagulate necrosis or lytic necrosis were noticed. It can be concluded that treating with TTX extracted from puffer fish, <em>Lagocephalus sceleratus</em> decreased the damaging effect of CCl<sub>4 </sub>on the liver of albino mice.
Lagocephalus sceleratus,Puffer fish,Carbon tetrodotoxin,Hepatotoxicity,liver function,Histological examination,Biochemical studies
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8342.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8342_0cbaab6b9cabee4fc2d1b0c7fa17f705.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
07
01
Mangrove Leaves Aqueous Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of TiO2 and Boron-doped TiO2 Nanoparticles and their Ecotoxic Effect on Rotifers
149
162
EN
Mahmoud
A. Mousa
Ahmed
El Nemr
0000-0002-5138-1494
ahmedmoustafaelnemr@yahoo.com
Esam
A. Gomaa
Shady
M. Eldafrawy
Elsayed
T. Helmy
10.21608/ejabf.2018.8343
Nanotechnology evolution and the production of nano-medicine from various sources had proven to be of high value. Titania nanoparticles (NPs) are photoactive, potentially producing in vivo toxicity in the presence of light. The smaller the size of NPs is gaining importance in increasing research for the treatment of various diseases. In the present study, titania (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and boron doped titania (B-TiO<sub>2</sub>) NPs were synthesized using mangrove leaf aqueous extract and characterized using FTIR and XRD techniques. The toxic activity was evaluated on rotifers using different concentrations of suspended aqueous solution of pure and B-doped titania at various times (0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 24 h) at room temperature. The data show anatase structure with a diameter of 3 to 30 nm. The toxicity analysis revealed that the TiO<sub>2</sub> of different concentrations used doesn't have any toxicity in presence and absence of light source except a decrease in rotifer movement at high concentration, but B-TiO<sub>2</sub> show slow toxicity, which increases with increasing the concentration to attain a maximum value at high concentration at which 5% of rotifers died after 24 h and its immobilization reaches 23% in darkness. Overall, the best data are obtained in presence of visible light source.
Nanoparticles,Synthesis,toxicity,Titanium dioxide,Mangrove leaves,Phytochemical screening,Rotifers
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8343.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_8343_ccc181575c67ee367e954090a600e22f.pdf
The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
1110-6131
2536-9814
22
2
2018
07
01
Ultrastructure studies on Retina and Cornea of Octopus macropus from Egyptian Mediterranean Coasts
163
171
EN
Tarek
G. Ali
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
tarekali80@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejabf.2018.21039
Adult animals of Octopus macropus were collected alive from<br />Abu Quir coasts, Alexandria, Egypt. They were transported to the<br />laboratory at Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University and dissected to<br />obtain their eyes and put in suitable fixative. After that, the routine<br />ultrastructure techniques were applied for examination of the retina and<br />cornea by the transmission electron microscope. The results revealed that<br />the retina is formed of two layers; the visual cells and the connective<br />tissue. The visual cells contain a small amount of a granular endoplasmic<br />reticulum, rounded mitochondria and oval nuclei with distinct nucleoli.<br />From each four different visual cells, four rhabdomeres united to form a<br />prismatic rhabdome. Examination with higher magnification power<br />showed presence of groups of 8 to 9 lamellated structures that form dense<br />membranes with different lengths. These lamellated structures are similar<br />to the myelin membranes and present in all cells but not connected to the<br />plasma membrane. The cornea is made of three layers; the outer epithelial<br />layer of hexagonal cells that have small mitochondria and oval nuclei.<br />The median thick layer of fibrous connective tissue and the inner<br />endothelium layer of cuboidal cells having small mitochondria and large<br />rounded nuclei.
Octopus macropus,Mediterranean coast,retina,cornea,Ultrastructure
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_21039.html
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_21039_c6f2b6218b05d57573f1536cebc7217b.pdf