ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ZOOPLANKTON COPMOSITION OF SOME INDUSTRIAL POLLUTED AREAS IN THE RIVER NILE ECOSYSTEM
The study was conducted at three polluted areas; one at El Nubaria Canal in Alexandria, and two in the River Nile at El Tebbin and Helwan. The industrial residues of petrochemicals, iron and steel, as well as starch and glucose pollute these areas respectively. During the study, the samples were collected six times at El Nubaria Canal and seven times at El Tebbin and Helwan. The data were codified to express the seasonal changes. Three stations represented the area of El Nubaria Canal and four in River Nile; two at El Tebbin and two at Helwan.The results of the total zooplankton abundance showed high density in the areas before pollution than at the mixing points. This observation was pronounced at petrochemical residues more obviously than that of steel and iron as well as starch and glucose factories.The major taxa were represented by 14 species of Rotifera, 5 Cladocera, and 4 Copepoda at El Nubaria Canal, whereas in River Nile at El Tebine and Helwan, they were represented by 37 Rotifera, 8 Cladocera, and 3 Copepoda.The diversity of Rotifera was the highest in the River Nile. Keratella cochlearis and Brachionus calyciflorus dominated the rotifers community. Cladocera was dominated, by Bosmina longirostris, whereas Copepoda was dominated by Nitocra lacustris at El Nubaria Canal and by Thermocyclops hyatinus at the River Nile.The maximum density of zooplankton organisms was recorded at the area before the pollution especially at El Nubaria Canal. Winter and autumn were the best seasons for zooplankton flourishing in El Nubaria Canal, whereas in the River Nile, winter and summer displayed the peaks of the zooplankton density.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1674_70812fa6217256cd19782f31b8ad5330.pdf
2001-04-01
1
20
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1674
missed
Adel
A. Mageed
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 101 Kasr AI Ainy St., Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE MANTLE OF THE JUVENILE OCTOPUS VULGARIS TO REVEAL SOME ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
j\J[icrostructure of the mantle of juvenile Octopus valgaris was studied using scanning electron microscopy. Two layers; epidermis and dermis followed by a muscle layer were recognized. The chromatophore cells and reflecting elements including iridophores and leucophores were observed in the dermis. Three types of ciliated cells were exhibited on the don .sal surface of the examined mantle.However, the investigation indicated a relationship between the aquatic pollution and the microstructure of juvenile's mantle of this cephalopod.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1675_e153acae7348d8b0478709fc1ab4a371.pdf
2001-04-01
21
29
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1675
missed
Naglaa
Geasa
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTING BLACK SEED CAKE (NIGELLA SATIVA JL) FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN DIETS OF NILE TILAPIA {OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS L.) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENTS UTILIZATION
Five experimental diets were formulated to contain various percentages of black seed cake (BSC) as a partial replacement for soybean meal (SBM). The substitution levels were 0 (control), 10, 30, 50, and 70% of crude protein of BSC that replaced the same percentages of crude protein from soybean meal. All diets were isonitrogenous (35% crude protein) and isocaloric (477.49 Kcal/100 g diet) and protein energy ratio ranged from 72.90 to 74.34 mg protein/Kcal gross energy. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were randomly distributed at stocking density of 20 fish per aquarium. The average initial weight offish ranged from 16.0 to 17.5 g/fish. Each three aquaria (represented three replicates) of one treatment were fed on one of the experimental diets. Diets were given to fish at a rate of 3% of live body weight for 90 day. The daily feed was offered twice daily.The obtained results revealed that the highest final weight, weight gain and SGR were recorded in fish group reared on diet 10% BSC 35.48, 16.09 (g/fish) and 0.81 (%/day) respectively, while the lowest values were recorded in fish group fed control 33.21, 16.09 (g/fish) and 0.47 (%/day) respectively. No significant differences in SGR, FCR, feed intake, survival rate and hepatosomatic index were observed among different treatments.Results of DM, CP and ash in fish body composition did not show any significant differences under all treatments. Differences were significant in crude fat (P<0.05) among fish groups fed 70% BSC and either fed control or 50% BSC.Concerning nutrients digestibility, results showed that crude protein and gross energy values under BSC diets were lower than those in control. The values of apparent protein digestibility, apparent carbohydrate digestibility and apparent gross energy digestibility were higher in fish groups fed BSC diets than that of the control group.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1676_058be989b50c5c343faeaaed1e325de4.pdf
2001-04-01
31
46
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1676
missed
Yassir
Khattab
1
Fish Nutrition Department, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Sharkia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ACCUMULATION OF COPPER, LEAD AND CADMIUM IN SOME TISSUES OF THE CRAYFISH PROCAMBARUS CLARKII(CAMBARIDAE, CRUSTACEA)
Different concentrations of three heavy metals namely copper, lead and cadmium were estimated in different tissues (muscles, carapace and gills) of crayfish Procambarus clarkii after it has been maintained in a polluted medium for 2 weeks to determine specific tissue sites of these accumulations. Determination of the heavy metals was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry to both control and treated crayfish. The result generally showed higher metal accumulation in the gills than muscle and carapace, which was increased with raising the concentration of the metals. However, lead exhibited higher accumulation in the carapace.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1677_71b5c2c97d6d3b0be36c9c95436f940f.pdf
2001-04-01
47
56
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1677
missed
Khadiga
Shafshar
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
Fadia
Heiba
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
Naglaa
Gcasa
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
RECORDED CHANGES IN SOME BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF GRASSCARP CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLA EXPOSED TO MERCURY AND ZINC
^J.rass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, fingerlings were exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of mercuryand zinc. The changes in haemoglobin (Hb) haematocrit (Ht),osmolality, branchial Na+-K+-ATPase5 acetylcholinesterase(AchE), sodium (Na*); potassium (K*) and water content were recorded. Blood Hb and Ht showed a general trend of significant decrease in fish exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of mercury and zinc. The serum osmolality showed a significant increase on exposure offish to lethal and sublethal concentrations of mercury and zinc. In fishes exposed to lethal concentration of mercury and sublethal concentration of mercury and zinc, the activity of branchial Na+-K+-ATPase was increased, while in case of lethal exposure to zinc, the enzyme activity was reduced. Serum AchE activity decreased in fish exposed to lethal concentration of mercury and sublethal concentration of zinc. Onthe other hand, the enzymatic activity was increased in fishes exposed to lethal concentration of zinc and sublethalconcentration of mercuiy. In case of brain, the AchE activity increased in fishes exposed to lethal concentration of mercury and zinc and decreased in fishes exposed to sublethal concentration of mercuiy and zinc. The concentrations of (Na+, K4) in serum, liver and muscle were significantly increased when "fish were exposed to either lethal or subletlial treatments. The water content of liver and muscle increased generally, on exposure to lethal and sublethal concentrations of mercury and zinc.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1678_791749fc9065c7dd291b5863ffe70338.pdf
2001-04-01
57
81
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1678
missed
Magdy
Salah El-Deen
1
National Water Research Center,Adm. Building, El-Kanater, Egypt
AUTHOR
Reda
Saleh
2
Analytical Microtechnique Unit, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Tay
Abd El- Razik
3
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
EISaiadK
Abo-Hegab
4
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
fflSTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE TESTES OF THE FISH Gerres oyena (Forsskal, 1775) DURING THE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE IN SUEZ BAY, RED SEA, EGYPT
The fish Gerres oyena is distributed in different places of the world. Few studies were carried out on this species, though it has important economic value in the fishery of the Red Sea. Moreaver, no previous wok on the reproductive cycle took place for such species. So this study was carried out to follow up the reproductive cycle and mode of reproduction of Gerres oyena. The fish samples were collected monthly from Suez Bay during the period from May/1997 to March/1998. The histological slides of testes showed five spermatogenetic cell types: namely: spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa. The maturation of the testes can be divided into eight stages, immature, developing virgin, maturing, mature, ripe, spawning, spent and developing recovery stages. Spawning occurred in July to late September. The discharge of sperms occurred as fractional manner. These results are useful in inducing spawning of this species.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1679_650d3f50771fd85f5c10b297ca397663.pdf
2001-04-01
83
93
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1679
missed
Kamal
EL-Boray
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Ataqa, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
TRICHODINIASIS AS A CAUSE OF MORTALITY AMONG INFECTED TfLAPIA ZILLIIWITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ITS CONTROL USING EARTHTEC
Experimental study showed that Tiiapia zillii was more susceptible to the infection with Paralrichodina africana than Trichodina centrostrigeata. Heavily infected tiiapia with P. africana died 7 days post infection, while heavily infected fish with T centrostrigeata died 20 days post infection. Paralrichodina africana caused extensive epithelial proliferation, vacular degeneration, necrosis and edema, while T. centrostigeata caused only extensive epithelial cell hyperplasia within the gill filaments.Long term treatments with EarthTec™ at concentrations ratfged between 0.03 and 0.3 mg Cu / liter were successful in eradicating the parasite from the gill filaments.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1680_7d4880f376b058b74c7f7fcc97f7a1ad.pdf
2001-04-01
95
104
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1680
missed
Mohamed
Abdel-Meguid
1
Channel Maintenance Research Institute, National Water Research Center, El Kanater, Kalubyia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTION OF OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS USING POLYCULTURE SYSTEMS AND FERTILIZERS
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with an average weight of 40,0 g were reared with Sarotherodon galilaeus (initial weight of 5L0 g) and Clarias gariepinus (initial weight of 73.0 g) at three different combinations of monoculture, duoculture and polyculture systems. The fishes were stocked in seven earthen ponds with varied areas at a density of 4 fish/ m2 during 210 days and fed on wheat bran. Some rearing ponds were fertilized weekly with a mixture of triple superphosphate and urea.At the end of the rearing period, the polyculture combination gave better growth rate and production for O.niloticus than in duoculture and monoculture systems. The average monthly increments were 21.lg and 29.0 g in ponds 2,3 (polyculture ponds), while in duoculture and monoculture, 18.7 g in pond 6 and 16.6 g in pond 4 were obtained. The specific growth rate and percentage weight gain reached their highest values for O.niloticus (0.85, 4.98 in pond 3 and 0.73, 3.64 in pond 2) using polyculture combination. On the other hand, O.niloticus showed better growth rate when cultured with Clarias gariepinus than with S.galilaeus. Its average weight was 131.0 g in pond 6 (O. niloticus with Clarias gariepinus and 128.5 g in pond 7 {O.niloticus with S.galilaeus).It was also observed that in the fertilized ponds, maximum growth in weight and production were recorded (0.379, 0.165 and 0.158 kg/m2 for the three fish species respectively). In pond 3 (fertilized), the average final weight was 244.0 g for O.niloticus, 188.5 g for S. galilaeus and 332.0 g for Clarias gariepinus. The food conversion ratio has also the optimum value (3.14) for O.niloticus reared in polyculture system and fertilized pond.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1681_6f2e7db17af288c6fbf8fb3512757e7c.pdf
2001-04-01
105
119
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1681
missed
Mohamed
Sweilum
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Fish Rearing Lab., El-Kanater El-Khayria Fish Farm, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
SENSITIVITY OF THE MONOGENETIC TREMATODE DACTYLOGYRUSLAMELLATUS AND THE HOST GRASS CARP CTENOPHARYNGODONIDELLA TO DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF EARTHTEC™
T_ Tfcjff he effectiveness of EarthTec compound against the monogenetic trematode Dactylogyrus lamellatus was assessed, using 14 different concentrations, ranging from 0.03 to 60.0 mg Cu/L. The result indicated that short bath treatments at concentrations ranging from 42.0 to 60.0 mg Cu/L could kill the parasite, however, they might be toxic to the stressed grass carp. Concerning long bath treatments, it was found that the concentrations of 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12 and 0.15 mg Cu/L can eradicate the parasite after 120, 96, 48, 48 and 24 hours respectively. These subacute levels of the test compoumd showed no toxic effect on the grass carp.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1682_3d4b1454ab30198f255d49adcf166207.pdf
2001-04-01
121
128
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1682
missed
Mohamed
Abdel-Meguid
1
Channel Maintenance Research Institute, National Water Research . Center, El Kanater, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ANISOPS SARDEUS SARDEUS HERRICH-SCHAEFFER (HETEROPTERA: NOTONECTIDAE) AS A BIOINDICATOR OF HEAVY METALS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT AT ISMAILIYA, EGYPT
Heavy metal contents of Anisops sardeus sardeus Herrich-Schaeffer collected from polishing and facultative lagoons in Ismailiya Wastewater Treatment Plant, Egypt, were analyzed by AAS. This species is studied for the first time as a biomonitor of heavy metals in water and sediment. The average concentrations of heavy metals in insect tissues found in facultative lagoon vs. the polishing lagoon were: Zn 197,147.4; Cd 2.7,1.5; Cu 28.2,13.7; Co 37.7, 34.4; Pb 59.7, 57.8; Ni 36.9, 25.1 |ig/g dry weight respectively. With the exception of lead, the differences in concentrations of each metal were statistically significant. These concentrations of metals in the insect tissues corresponded to their concentrations in the two lagoons. The present study confirmed that Anisops sardeus sardeus from polishing lagoon is an excellent accumulator of Co and Pb as their concentrations reached 34.4 and 57.8 jig/g diy weight, respectively, than in water (9.1 and 41.0 mg/1) and sediment (29.0 and 42.0 }ig/g) samples. The bioaccumulation factor was 12.3, 1.5, 1.3, 3.8, 1.4 and 03 for Zn, Cd, Cu, Co, Pb and Ni, respectively. It is, thus, concluded that Anisops sardeus sardeus could be a very suitable accumulative bioindicator for the monitoring of heavy metals in surface water of wastewater treatment plant.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1683_c460e24a515987ce9d7b9f0036d6fb88.pdf
2001-04-01
129
146
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1683
missed
Rowaida
Ahmed
1
Zoology department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailiya, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nahla
El-Shenawy
2
Zoology department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailiya, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
AMINO ACIDS AS CONTROLLING FACTOR FOR THE MINERALOGY AND THE CHEMISTRY OF SOME BIVALVE AND GASTROPOD SHELLS
T^he present study entails with the role of amino acids in the ■*- mineralogical and chemical composition of some bivalve and gastropod shells. The common skeletal minerals reported for the studied shells were found to be aragonite, calcite, and Mg-calcite. The bivalve Tridacna elongata showed high level of calcite and low level of aspartic the acid. Aragonite recorded high levels in the other examined species.Glycine, isoleucine and proline represented the extreme higher values among the neutral amino acids in all examined shells. The neutral amino acids can be quantitatively arranged in the following order; Glycine > Isoleucine > Proline >Alanine > Leucine > Valine> Serine > Threonine.The chemical study of the investigated shells indicates that, copper recorded its maximum value (33 p-gg'1) in the bivalve Tridacna elongata and its minimum (12 jagg"1) in the gastropod Conus coronatus. The maximum values of zinc, lead, iron and manganese were recorded in bivalve Acanthocardium aculeata whereas, the studied gastropods revealed lower values for these elements. This trend of the element distribution was observed also for calc'um and magnesium. Acidic amino acids seem to play an impcuint role in fixation of calcium, nucleation of CaC03 and growtf of the mineral phase.
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1684_0385e964aac4941cc762c587d807a452.pdf
2001-04-01
147
167
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1684
missed
Mohamed
Shata
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
Wagdy
El-Sarraf
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
دراسه تأثير بعض مخلفات المصانع علي الهائمات الحيوانيه في بيئه نهر النيل
https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_1685_c11d9a041c2a5ae5f62dc264b727fadd.pdf
2001-04-01
1
11
10.21608/ejabf.2001.1685