@article { author = {Gharib, Samiha}, title = {PHYTOPLANKTON STUDIES IN LAKE EDKU ADJACENT WATERS (EGYPT)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {1-2}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3400}, abstract = {During June 1995-April 1996, the phytoplankton at four sectors (Sea, Boughaz, Lake and Drains) was investigated. A total of 204 species, were identified comprising 91 diatoms, 50 green algae, 27 blue- green algae, 16 dinoflagellates, 17Euglenophyceae, 2 silicoflagellates and one Rhodophyceae. Diatoms were the most important algae in the four sectors, followed by green algae in Sea, Boughaz and Lake sectors, but blue-green algae ranked the second in Drains sector and mainly represented by Microcystis aeruginosa. Skeletonema costatum was the leading species in Sea sector, while the genus Nitzschia was the main component of Boughaz population. Cyclotella meneghiniana was the major dominant form in Lake sector. The phytoplankton crop showed a remarkable increase as compared with the previous records and the study indicated high level of eutrophication in Lake sector Phytoplankton diversity varied widely, low diversities were related to stable community states, while higher diversities corresponded to non-steady state periods. Inverse relationship between equitability and total number of individuals was observed. Lake Edku is a shallow brackish water lake subject to huge inputs of terrigenous and anthropogenic nutrients from drains discharge, sewage and agricultural runoff. These nutritional conditions make the lake biologically productive. It is situated west of the Rosetta Nile branch between longitudes 30° 8' 30" and 30° 23' E and latitudes 31° 10' and 31° 18'N(Fig.1)with depth varies from 20to 140 cm. The eastern part of the lake receives large quantities.}, keywords = {Lake Edku,phytoplankton,diversity}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3400.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {M., EI-Houssiny and M., Shehata and A., Arafa and A., Goda}, title = {EFFECT OF DIETARY PROTEIN LEVEL AND FEEDING REGIME ON THE HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE OF NILE TILAPIA ( OREOCHROIMIS NILOTICUS)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {25-38}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3401}, abstract = {The present study was undertaken to detect the effect of dietary protein level and feeding regime on the immune response of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Twelve earthen ponds were used to represent twelve nutritional treatments (three protein levels 20, 25 and 30%, two feeding levels 3 and 5% and two feeding frequencies 2 and 3 times per day) infactorial manner (3x2x2). The actual experimental period lasted from May 16th to November 4th , located in Fish Research Station belonging to National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries. The results indicated that the highest total Serum Protein (TSP) values as non-specific immunity were observed when fish fed 20% protein at a rate of 3% twice daily. The highest TSP's values wer observed in serum of fish fed on either 25% or 30% protein regardles feeding regime. The TSP's values were high when fish fed on 30% irrespective of protein level and feeding frequency. Concerning the feeding frequency, the highest TSP’ s values were recorded for fish fed twice daily. The highest values of albumin and globulin were observed in fish fed on 30% protein at a rate of 3% twice daily. Concerning protein levelirrespective of feeding regime, the highest values of albumin and globulin were observed for fish fed on 30% protein. While, the highes values of albumin and globulin were recorded for fish fed on 30% irrespective of protein level and feeding frequency. The highest values of albumin and globulin also, were observed for fish fed twice dial regardless protein level and feeding level. The results indicated that the highest Hydrogen Peroxidation titer values as humoralimmune response parameter were recorded in serum of fish fed on 20% protein, 5% twice daily or 25% protein, 3% twice daily, or 30% protein, 5% three times per day. Regardless of feeding regime, th highest Hydrogen Peroxidation titer was observed in serum of fish fed on either 25% or 20% on protein, while the highest hemolysin titer was found in serum of fish fed on 25% protein.}, keywords = {Dietary protein,Feeding regime,humoral inmiune response,Nile tilapia}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3401.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {A, ToIba and M., Bedir and M., Mossa}, title = {EFFECT OF CU, ZN, CD AND HG ON THE HISTOLOGY OF THE DlGESTIVE GLAND OF THE FRESHWATER SNAIL BIOMPHALARIA ALEXANDRINA AND BULINUS TRUNCATUS}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {39-57}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3402}, abstract = {Effects of Zn, Cu, Hg and Cd on histological structures of the digestive gland of Biomlphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus have been examined. The digestive gland of both snails showed remarkable histopathological changes due to the exposure of the two snails to the above heavy metals These changes can be summarized as follows:1- Low concentration of Cu (0.1 ppm) led to tubular collapse and multifocal degeneration including vaculation and nuclear pyknosis and appearance of vesicles with yellowish spherules in the digestive cells of B. alexandrina; necrosis of somedigestive gland cells and precipitation of copper in the connective tissue surrounding the digestive gland tubules of B. truncatus. At higher concentration of Cu (1.5 ppm) the number of vesicles containing spherules, as well as necrosis and degeneration of the digestive gland cells increased for both snails. 2- Low concentration of Zn (2 ppm) caused destruction of the integumental cells, vaculation and nuclear pyknosis of the digestive cells of B. alexandrina while in case of B. truncatus the space between the integument and tubules was expanded and precipitation of Zn, and vacuoles containing yellowish spherules increased. At higher concentrations of Zn, similar pathological changes appeared as in the case ofCu for bothsnails.  3- The digestive gland of both snails when exposed to low concentrations of Cd and Hg, showed rermarkable histopathological changes involving, tubular deterioration, multifocal degeneration with vaculation and nuclear pyknosi. }, keywords = {Digestive gland,histology,Biomphalaria alexanidrina,Bulinus,truncatus,Cu,Zn,Cd,Hg}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3402.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {R., Tolba}, title = {THE RED SWAMP CRAYFISH PROCAMBARUS CLARKIT (DECAPODA; CAMBARIDAE) AS BIO-INDICATOR FOR OTAL WATER QUALITY INCLUDING CU AND CD POLLUTION}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {59-71}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3403}, abstract = {The red swamp crayfish P. clarkii has been recently introduced to the Egyptian freshwater system and became widely distributed all over the country. Respiration has been used in the present study to see the differences, if there is any, inrespiration of P.clarkii in the new habitats compared with that obtained from its native habitats and to evaluate it's possible use as a bio-indicator for total water quality including copper and cadmium heavy metals.The present study revealed that, the oxygen consumption of P. clarkii under controlled conditions lies within the range of that obtained from other studies. The amount of consumed oxygen was dependent on the degree of water quality and theambient concentrations of copper and cadmium. Increasing sublethal concentrations of copper and cadmium increased the amount of oxygen consumed by P. clarkii. The results indicate that P.clarkii may be suitable as a bioindicator for totalwater quality as well as copper and cadmium toxicity. }, keywords = {Cu,Cd Respiration. Crayfish,Procambarus clarkii,bioindicator pollution}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3403.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {EI-Moselhy, KhaIid}, title = {LEVELS OF SOME METALS IN FISH, TILAPIA SP. CAUGHT FROM CERTAIN EGYPTIAN LAKES AND RIVER NILE}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {73-83}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3404}, abstract = {Assessment of levels of some metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, Zn and Fe ) was studied in fish, Tilapia sp., tissues collected from Manzala, Timsah, Nasser Lakes, and the River Nile infront of Cairo City. Gills and liver of fish showed highermetals concentration than those found in muscles (edible part). The lowest values of studied metals were recorded in the muscles of Nasser Lake fish. However, data of metals concentration in fish tissues were not fairly reflecting the status of lake contamination. While, the c/w ratio (c: metal concentration, w: fish weight) caused considerable changes in the pattern of metals variation between different sites. This ratio indicates that the Manzala Lake is heavily polluted by metals than other sites. }, keywords = {Heavy metals,fish,Egyptian Lakes,River Nile}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3404.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {Sabae, Shawky}, title = {INDICATOR BACTERIA FOR FAECAL POLLUTION IN THE RIVER NILE AT GREATER CAIRO REGION}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {85-94}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3405}, abstract = { The River Nile is the main source for water in Egypt therefore, a strict control should be exercised in preventing its pollution. In the present study, four stations were selected along a stretch of the River Nile in Greater Cairo area to investigate the bacterial pollution of its water. The results revealed that urban Cairo would seem to be responsible for increasing bacterial density. The viable bacterial counts reached (station 4) 214 x 105/ml & 187x105/ml for 22 0C and 37 0C, respectively. On the other hand, the most probable number (MPN) of total and faecal coliforms reached 250 x102 /100 ml & 25 x 102 /100 ml water, respectively. Faecal streptococci showed maximum counts (900 / 100ml) (stations 2 & 4). This means that the River Nile is considered to be subjected to sewage pollution.}, keywords = {Indicator bacteria,faecal pollution,River Nile,Greater Cairo}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3405.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {Dowidar, Mohamed}, title = {ON THE GROWTH OF MUGGIAEA ATLANTICA CUNNINGHAM AND MUGGIAEA KOCHI (WILL) FROM THE BAY OF VILLETRANCHE-SURMER, FRANCE.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {95-112}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3406}, abstract = {This work aims to study nectophores growth of Muggiaea atlantica and Muggiaea kochi and their eudoxids. Data obtained reveal that the maximal average numbers of M. atlantica & M. kochi nectophores were encountered during May when thesurface temperature was raised (20.22 0C) and surface salinity decreased (37.55 ‰). On the other hand, the least numbers recorded were encountered during March where surface temperature was lowered (13.20 0C) and surface salinity increased (38.37‰). Average lengths of M. atlantica & M. kochi nectophores tend to increase duringMarch & April (3.19 mm & 2.93 mm, respectively), and decrease during May & June (2.78 mm & 2.73 mm, respectively). As might be expected from the small size of the adult colonies, the appearence of blooms of Muggiaea atlantica & Muggiaea kochi during May and June indicates that the life-cycle is short at temperature I9 0C while it is longer at 13 0C as shown during March and April. Therefore, life cycle of this coelenterate is strictly temperature dependent. }, keywords = {Nectoctophore,Muggiaea atlantica,M. kochi,Growth,france}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3406.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {Shehata, Sabri}, title = {STUDIES ON THE ANATOMY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN THE FINGERLING STAGES OF THE GRASS CARP, CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLA (VALENCIENNES), IN RELATION TO FOOD AND FEEDING HABITS.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {113-145}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3407}, abstract = {The anatomy and histochemistry of the digestive tract of the fingerling stages of the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes) described. The observed qualitative and quantitative differences along the tract indicate a high degree of specialization of each segment for specific digestion and absorption. The results revealed that the mouth is relativelylarge, semiventral and is bounded by the upper and lower lips. The lips consist of an outer layer of epidermis and an inner layer of dermis. The epidermis is formed of stratified epithelium provided with numerous taste buds and mucus-secreting cells. The latter stain blue-red with. Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) indicating the presence of neutralmucopolysaccharides (MPS). The dermis consists of two layers: an outer well developed stratum compactum and an inner thin layer of reticular connective tissue. Pigment cells and blood capillaries are of common occurrence in the dermal layer.The mouth leads into the bucco-pharynx through the dorsal maxillary valve, lying just behined the dorsal lip. The tongue is poorly developed and does not contain muscle fibers. The wall of the buccopharynx is made up of mucosa and submucosa, and in some places of a third layer, the muscularis. The mucosa consists of stratified squamous epithelial layer, containing taste buds. The mucus - secreting cells are so abundant that in certain cases theyoccupy the entire epithelial surface. They decrease gradually towards the posterior direction.Their contents stain blue and red with Alcian blue and PAS indicating their acid and neutral MPS contents. Taste buds are much mumerous in the anterior portion than in the posterior one. The submucosa consists of stratum compactum and a layer of loose areolar connective tissue, richly supplied.}, keywords = {anatomy,histochemistry,degestive tract,fingerlings,Grass carp,Feeding habitats}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3407.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {A., Shehata and Azab, Ahmed and EI-Deeb, Ragaa}, title = {STRUCTURE AND CARBOHYDRATE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE OESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH OF THE CHARACINID FISH, ALESTES DENTEX GUNTHER & TROSEHEL, 1854.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {147-174}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3408}, abstract = {The present work presents a part of the series of studies designed to find out how far the oesophagus and stomach of the characinid fish Alestes dentex Gunther &Trosehel 1854, morphologically and histochemically, are adapted with the peculiar carnivorous habit. The general histology, the tunics, with their arrangement and their constituents, tissues, and transition from one region to another are given detailed treatment. The reaction of the different portions to the various histochemical tests receives particular stress. Results revealed that the oesophagus is a short distensibletube; grossly divisible into cranial and caudal portions. The basic layers making up the wall of the oesophagus are mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa. The mucosa is disposed into primarily longitudinal folds. Small secondary folds are also present at the bases of the crypts. The epithelium is provided with stratified and columnar cells. They contained acid and neutral mucopolysaCcharides (MPS). Toluidine blue (TB) indicating the presence of the purely acid MPS. Tunica propria can easily be detected. Submucosa, of areolar connective tissue is richly supplied with lymphocytes, blood vessels and occasional nerve fibers. Muscularis mucosa is well developed. Taste buds absent.Muscularis externa of one layer, only the circular. Serosa of squamous epithelium,one cell thick. The stomach is of the siphon type, grossly divisible into cardiac, fundic, and pyloric regions. The pyloric region is extremely short and is provided with the pyloricsphincter. The mucosa is provided with highly primary rugae. The latter are subdivided mostly into a network of secondary ones. }, keywords = {Characinid Fish,oesophagus,Stomach,structure histochemistry}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3408.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {H., Rizkalla and E., Abd EI-Haleem and E, Shalaby}, title = {HEAMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CYPRINUS CARPIO L AS A RESULT OF SHORT AND LONG TERM EXPOSURE TO DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF COPPER, CADMIUM AND ZINC.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {175-193}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3409}, abstract = {COmmon carp (Cyprinus carpio) were subjected to sublethal doses (1/4 and 1/2 LC50) of copper (0.239 & 0.478 ppm); cadmium (1.278 & 2.556 ppm); and zinc (2.444 & 4.889 ppm) separately or in mixtures of them for 7, 15, 30 and 90 days. Copper, cadmium and zinc caused significant decrease in the erythrocytic (RBCs) count of fish subjected to 1/4 LC50 of each of them on the 15th and 30th days. The decrease was also recorded after 15 days in fish exposed to 1/4 LC50 of Cu + Cd and Cu+Zn. Also RBCs in fish exposed to the high dose (1/2 LC50) of Cu, Cd, Zn and mixture of them was decreased significantly on the 30th day. The RBCs count was more affected by the higher concentrations of heavy metals studied and the longer time of exposure. Heamoglobin (Hb) content showed significant decrease on the 30th day of exposure to low dose of Cu, Zn, Cu + Zn and Cd + Zn. The decrease was also recorded on the 90th day infish exposed to Cu+ Cd + Zn. In the same manner, Hb in fish exposed to higher concentration of Cu, Cd, Zn and Cu + Zn was significantly decreased on the 90th day and the decrease was recorded on the 30th day in fish subjected to 1/2 LC50 of Cu and Cd + Zn. Packed cell volume (PCV) in fish exposed to 1/4 LC50 decreased significantly on the 15th and 30th days of exposure to Cu, on the 30th day of exposure to Zn and on the 7th and 90th ays of exposure to Cd + Zn. The decrease was also recorded on the 30th day in fish subjected to high dose of Cu, Cd + Zn and Cu + Cd + Zn. While fish exposed to high concentration of Cu and Cd recorded significant increase in PCV values. The corpuscular indices, mean corpuscular volume (MCV); mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) changed to compensate the changes in the RBCs Hb and PCV values. These resulted in macrocytichyperchromic or macrocytic hypochromic anaemia.}, keywords = {Cyprinus carpio L,copper,cadmium,zinc,Haematology}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3409.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {Alne-na-ei, AIaa}, title = {BIOLOGY OF THE FRESHWATER FISH, POLLIMYRUS ISIDORI (VALENCIENNES, 1846) (TELEOSTEI, MORMYRIDAE) IN THE RIVER NILE DELTA.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {195-222}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3410}, abstract = {Pollimyrus isidori is an uncommon species of mormyrid fishes in the River Nile. The population caught, from the Nile Delta in the present study, was completely females. Five meristic and 23 morphometric characters of Pollimyrus isidori were   described; some of these measurements were significantly correlated with fish standard length (P > 0.05). Female has a single triangular-shaped left ovary in the dorsal side of abdominal cavity, just beneath the air bladder and attached to thecoelom by a thin short mesovarium. The spawning season extended from April to August; the period characterized by the highest values of ovarian-somatic index (4.3- 11.5 %) and ovarian weight (0.18- 1.07 g). The univariate and multivariate regression analyses of ovarian-somatic index versus water temperature; daily photoperiod and liver-somatic index, revealed highly significant correlation, suggesting that, the reproductive activities of Pollimyrus isidori are affected by the environmental conditions, and the liver serves the reproductive functions and structural proliferation of the ovary. The absolute fecundity ranged between 384 egg in April to 929 egg in July, and the egg diameters ranged between 1.33 to 1.92 mm and between 0.56 to 0.79 mm for the first and second generations, respectively. Females attain the first sexual maturity at an average 6.3 cm standard length. Pollimyrus isidori is an omnivorous feeder, its diet is composed of insects; plant fragments; algae; diatoms; crustaceans; annelids; detritus; unidentified eggs and sand. The population of Pollimyrits isidori feeds throughout the year, and this may explain the insignificant correlation (P> 0.05) of either stomach weight or stomach index with either water temperature or daily photoperiod or both of them.}, keywords = {biology,Pollimyrus isidori,River Nile Delta}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3410.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {Zaki, Mohamed and EL-Ebiary, EI-Sayed}, title = {EFFECTS OF DIETARY PROTEIN AND OIL LEVELS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE SURVIVAL RATE AND FEED AND NUTRIENTS UTILIZTON OF RABBIT FISH (SIGANUS RIVULATUS.)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {223-238}, year = {1999}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health (ESDFHH)}, issn = {1110-6131}, eissn = {2536-9814}, doi = {10.21608/ejabf.1999.3411}, abstract = {This work was carried out to study the effects of various dietary protein and oil levels on growth performance, survival rate and feed and nutrients utilization of rabbitfish, Siganus rivulatus, fly. Nine experimental diets were formulated to contain 25, 30 and 35 % dietary protein and with each protein level, cod liver oil were added at rates of 0.0, 3.0 and 6 % on dry weight of the diet. Each diet was given to twenty fish (about 0.58 g each) in two glass - aquaria at descending rates of 10, 7 and 5% from live body weight. The results of this study showed that diet containing 35 % crude protein and6.0 % cod liver oil was the best food for higher growth performance, survival rate and feed and nutrients utilization, and also indicated the possibility of reducing protein level by adding cod liver oil up to 6 % of the diet. }, keywords = {Rabbit Fish,Dietary protein,Growth,survival rate}, url = {https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_3411.html}, eprint = {} }